scholarly journals Association of Obesity with Proteasomal Gene Polymorphisms in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmite Kupca ◽  
Tatjana Sjakste ◽  
Natalija Paramonova ◽  
Olga Sugoka ◽  
Irena Rinkuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Proteasomal Genes ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Obesity

The aim of this study was to ascertain possible associations between childhood obesity, its anthropometric and clinical parameters, and three loci of proteasomal genes rs2277460 (PSMA6c.-110C>A), rs1048990 (PSMA6c.-8C>G), and rs2348071 (PSMA3c. 543+138G>A) implicated in obesity-related diseases. Obese subjects included 94 otherwise healthy children in Latvia. Loci were genotyped and then analyzed using polymerase chain reactions, with results compared to those of 191 nonobese controls.PSMA3SNP frequency differences between obese children and controls, while not reaching significance, suggested a trend. These differences, however, proved highly significant (P<0.002) in the subset of children reporting a family history of obesity. Among obese children denying such history,PSMA6c.-8C>G SNP differences, while being nonsignificant, likewise suggested a trend in comparison to the nonobese controls. NoPSMA6c.-110C>A SNP differences were detected in the obese group or its subsets. Finally,PSMA3SNP differences were significantly associated (P<0.05) with circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels. Our results clearly implicate thePSMA3gene locus as an obesity risk factor in those Latvian children with a family history of obesity. While being speculative, the clinical results are suggestive of altered circulatory LDL levels playing a possible role in the etiology of obesity in the young.

scholarly journals Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Hanna Dyląg ◽  
Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Riahi ◽  
Halina Weker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Prepubertal Children

Aims. Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods. The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results. Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p<0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p<0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p<0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p<0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p<0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r=−0.27, p<0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r=0.32, p<0.05) in this group. Conclusions. Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.

Investigation of ischemia modified albumin and coenzyme Q10 levels in obese children with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahattin Muhtaroğlu ◽  
Selda Özkan Koçak ◽  
İhsan Çetin ◽  
Didem Barlak Keti ◽  
Mustafa Kendirci
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to analyze serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and plasma CoQ10 levels and to evaluate their correlation with insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment, HOMA) and lipid profile in obese children with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods:Thirty-one obese with MS, 30 obese without MS and 34 healthy children aged 6–18 years were included in the study. Serum IMA was measured by colorimetric method, plasma CoQ10 levels were measured by HPLC. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were analyzed.Results:IMA levels were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) while the CoQ10 levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in obese children with and without MS compared to controls. IMA and CoQ10 significantly correlated with each other and metabolic parameters. Furthermore, IMA and CoQ10 levels did not significantly differ between obese children with and without MS, while glucose, insulin levels and HOMA were significantly higher (p<0.001) in obese children with MS than obese without MS and controls.Conclusions:Based on the high levels of IMA, low CoQ10 and association with HOMA and lipid profile; we suggest that obese children may have oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and cardiometabolic risk.

Cholesterol Screening?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1126
Author(s):  
BARBARA A. DENNISON
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cholesterol Screening ◽  
Premature Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
History Of

To the Editor.— The paper by Drs Garcia and Moodie is the third article in the past 4 months to question the efficacy of family history as the first step in a screening strategy to identify children with hypercholesterolemia.1-3 Their finding that 50% of the children they identified with elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol did not have a family history of premature cardiovascular disease or hyperlipidemia is essentially the same as that of Griffen and colleagues.2

scholarly journals SURVIVAL ANALYSIS FOR THE RISK OF DEVELOPING HEART ATTACK

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Jackie D. Urrutia ◽  
Razzcelle L. Tampis ◽  
Joseph Mercado ◽  
Aaron Vito M. Baygan
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Developing Heart ◽  
History Of

<p class="lead">Heart disease is the leading cause of death among Filipinos, accounting for 1 out of every 5 deaths in the past year. Each year, 170,000 Filipinos die from cardiovascular diseases, up from 85,000 more than 20 y ago. This paper aims to estimate the risk of developing Heart Attack using Survival Analysis. The data were obtained from the records of Quirino Memorial Medical Center with a total of 447 observations. The data includes the time t (patient’s age), gender of the patient, covariates such as lifestyle (smoking and drinking alcohol); health conditions (Hypertension, Diabetes, High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) level); and family history of Cardiovascular Disease, and the event of interest which is the occurrence of heart attack. The researchers applied two main statistical treatments in examining the data: (1) Cox Regression in formulating a model to estimate the risk of heart attack based on the given covariates; (2) Kaplan-Meier Estimates in calculating the probability of each patient to survive in accordance to their gender depending on the covariates the patients have. Results showed that females have more risks of developing heart attack than males for patients with hypertension, with diabetes, with a family history of CVD, and those who are smoking. However, for patients who are alcoholic, men are more prone to the risk of heart attack than women. The results were obtained with the help of SPSS.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Predisposition to Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol May Increase Risks of Both Individual and Familial Alzheimer's Disease

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang-Shan Tan ◽  
Meng-Jin Hu ◽  
Yan-Min Yang ◽  
Yue-Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mr Study

Background: Previous observational studies provided conflicting results on the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Objective: We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causal associations between LDL-C level and the risks of individual, paternal, maternal, and family history of AD.Methods: Summary-level genetic data for LDL-C were acquired from results of the UK Biobank GWAS. Corresponding data for paternal, maternal, and family history of AD were obtained from the NHGRI-EBI Catalog of human genome-wide association studies. Data for individual AD were obtained from the MR-Base platform. A two-sample MR study was performed to explore the causal association between LDL-C level and the risks of individual, paternal, maternal, and family history of AD.Results: Genetically predicted LDL-C was positively associated with individual [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.509, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.140–1.999; P = 4.0 × 10−3], paternal [OR = 1.109, 95% CI = 1.053–1.168; P = 9.5 × 10−5], maternal [OR = 1.132, 95% CI = 1.070–1.199; P = 2.0 × 10−5], and family history of AD [OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 1.070–1.181; P = 3.7 × 10−6] in inverse variance weighted analysis. After performing weighted median and MR-Egger analysis, consistent results were observed. There was no horizontal pleiotropy in the two-sample MR analysis.Conclusions: High level of LDL-C may increase the risks of both individual and familial AD. Decreasing the LDL-C to a reasonable level may help to reduce the related risk.

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/Apolipoprotein B-100 Ratio: Interaction of Family History of Premature Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease With Race and Gender in 7 to 11 Year Olds

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-499
Author(s):  
Syed Islam ◽  
Bernard Gutin ◽  
Tina Manos ◽  
Clayton Smith ◽  
Frank Treiber
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
White Girls ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background. In adults, a low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB) ratio is an indicator of ApoB-enriched small dense LDL, which is associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Since this LDL subclass may be inherited, we investigated whether a low LDL-C/ApoB ratio was associated with a positive family history of premature CAD in young children. Methods. Subjects were 66 children aged 7 to 11 years who were recruited through a school-based family history survey, flyers, and hospital newspaper advertisements. They were divided according to family history and assessed for fatness, blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins. Results. Family history interacted with gender such that girls with a positive family history had a lower LDL-C/ApoB ratio than girls with a negative family history, while the opposite was true in boys; ie, family history-positive boys had a higher ratio than family history-negative boys. The association of a low ratio with a positive family history was seen most clearly in white girls. Family history-positive whites had higher ApoB than family history-negative whites, whereas the pattern was reversed in the blacks. The LDL-C/ApoB ratio and ApoB were not related to other CAD risk factors such as fatness, blood pressure, or other lipids and lipoproteins. Conclusion. In young children, a low LDL-C/ApoB ratio and high ApoB levels were associated with a positive family history of CAD only in the white girls, suggesting that this group is at increased risk of genetically mediated CAD.

scholarly journals Association of evaluated glomerular filtration rate and incident diabetes mellitus: a secondary retrospective analysis based on a Chinese Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haofei Hu ◽  
Mijie Guan ◽  
Zhuangsen Chen ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Qijun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Previous studies have revealed that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of major risk factors of insulin resistance and diabetes. However, there are few investigations of the correlations between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and incident diabetes, especially in Chinese population. This study was taken to explore the relationship between eGFR and incident diabetes in a large cohort in Chinese community population. Methods: The present study was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 199,435 adults from Rich Healthcare Group in China, which includes all medical records for participants who received a health check from 2010 to 2016. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were eGFR measured at baseline and incident diabetes mellitus appeared during follow-up respectively. Covariates involved in this study included age, gender, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, smoking and drinking status and family history of diabetes. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to investigate the association between eGFR and incident diabetes. Generalized additive model was used to identify non-linear relationships. Additionally, we also performed a subgroup analysis. It was stated that the data had been uploaded to the DATADRYAD website. Result: After adjusting gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, smoking and drinking status and family history of diabetes, result showed eGFR was negatively associated with incident diabetes (HR=0.987, 95%CI (0.984, 0.989)). A J shape relationship was detected between eGFR and incident diabetes, which had an inflection point of eGFR was 97.967 mL/min-1·(1.73 m2)-1. The effect sizes and the confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.999 (0.994,1.004) and 0.977 (0.974,0.981), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed, the stronger association can be found in the population with FPG<6.1mmol/L, BMI<24kg/m2, SBP<140mmHg, DBP<90mmHg, HDL in middle level and family history without diabetes. The same trend was also seen in men and in the population with never or ever smoking. Conclusion: eGFR is independently associated with incident diabetes. The relationship between eGFR and incident diabetes is also non-linear. eGFR was strong negatively related to incident diabetes when eGFR is above 97.967 mL/min-1·(1.73 m2)-1.

Have we learnt all from IMPROVE-IT? Part II. Subanalyses on the ef- fects of ezetimibe added to statin therapy on selected clinical and laborato- ry outcomes, cost effectiveness, guideline and clinical implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatko Fras ◽  
Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
Keyword(s):  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Drug Discontinuation ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Cost ◽  
Cardiovascular Biomarkers

: In this second part of a review of the IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT), we discuss the findings in relation to patients with stroke, the ACS phenotype, history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery, heart failure, concurrent polyvascular atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and diabetes mellitus, and different levels of expression of selected cardiovascular biomarkers. The combination therapy was proven safe, and drug discontinuation rates were not increased by adding ezetimibe. Since both statins and ezetimibe are now almost globally generically available, we can conclude that for secondary prevention of ASCVD, adding ezetimibe to high-intensity statin therapy further reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular risk cost-effectively.

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