scholarly journals Longitudinal Assessment of Transorbital Sonography, Visual Acuity, and Biomarkers for Inflammation and Axonal Injury in Optic Neuritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiorgio Lochner ◽  
Roberto Cantello ◽  
Klaus Fassbender ◽  
Martin Lesmeister ◽  
Raffaele Nardone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter

Background and Objective. To investigate the relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter, optic nerve diameter, visual acuity and osteopontin, and neurofilament heavy chain in patients with acute optic neuritis. Patients and Methods. Sonographic and visual acuity assessment and biomarker measurements were executed in 23 patients with unilateral optic neuritis and in 19 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Results. ONSD was thicker on the affected side at symptom onset (median 6.3 mm; interquartile range 6.0–6.5) than after 12 months (5.3 mm; 4.9–5.6; p<0.001) or than in controls (5.2 mm; 4.8–5.5; p<0.001). OND was significantly increased in the affected side (3.4 mm; 2.9–3.8) compared to healthy controls (2.7 mm; 2.5–2.9; p<0.001) and was thicker at baseline than after 12 months (2.8 mm; 2.7–3.0; p<0.01). Visual acuity improved significantly after 12 months (1.00; 0.90–1.00) compared to onset of symptoms (0.80; 0.40–1.00; p<0.001). OPN levels were significantly higher in patients at presentation (median 6.44 ng/ml; 2.05–10.06) compared to healthy controls (3.21 ng/ml, 1.34–4.34; p<0.03). Concentrations of NfH were significantly higher in patients than in controls. Conclusion. ONSD and OND are increased in the affected eye. OPN and NfH are elevated in patients, confirming the presence of any underlying inflammation and axonal injury.

scholarly journals Influence of retrobulbar neuritis and papillitis on echographically measured optic nerve diameter

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Stefanovic ◽  
Milos Jovanovic ◽  
Bojana Dacic-Krnjaja ◽  
Dragan Veselinovic ◽  
Predrag Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Retrobulbar Neuritis ◽  
Optic Nerve Diameter ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis

Background/Aim. Retrobulbar (optic) neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision. This inflammation can affect a part of the nerve within the eyeball (neuropapillitis) or a part of the nerve behind the eyeball (retrobulbar neuritis). The aim of this study was to establish whether there is a correlation between the diameter of a retrobulbar part of the optic nerve and either visual acuity, prominence of the optic disk (papillitis), or nature of the neuritis (papillitis or retrobulbar). Methods. We tested 23 patients with retrobulbar neuritis and papillitis. In addition to a complete ophthalmologic examination, the diameter of retrobulbar region of the optic nerve was measured by the B-scan method. Following this, the 30-degree test was carried out. Results. We found an increased thickness of the retrobulbar region in 22 patients and different responses to the 30-degree test, as well as a statistically significant negative correlation between the thickness of retrobulbar part of the optic nerve and visual acuity. Conclusion. The retrobulbar part of the optic nerve is thicker in 94% of the patients with retrobulbar neuritis and in all the patients with papillitis. There is a correlation between the reduction of visual acuity and thickening of a retrobulbar part.

scholarly journals Bilateral retinal pathology following a first-ever clinical episode of autoimmune optic neuritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla A. Wicki ◽  
Praveena Manogaran ◽  
Tanja Simic ◽  
James V.M. Hanson ◽  
Sven Schippling
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Clinical Episode

ObjectiveThis longitudinal study aimed to assess changes in retinal structure and visual function following a first-ever episode of acute optic neuritis (ON).MethodsClinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data obtained over a period of 12 months were retrospectively analyzed in 41 patients with a first-ever clinical episode of acute ON. OCT scans, high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA), and low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) were acquired at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. Macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIP), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), and macular inner nuclear layer (INL) thicknesses were assessed by OCT. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze OCT variables of ipsilateral ON and contralateral non-ON (NON) eyes over time.ResultsThe mean change of GCIP thickness in ON eyes was significant at all follow-up time points, with nearly 75% of the total reduction having occurred by month 1. In ON eyes, thinner GCIP thickness at month 1 correlated with lower LCVA at month 3. Mean pRNFL thickness in ON eyes differed significantly from NON eyes at all postbaseline time points. INL thickness was significantly increased in ON eyes (month 1) but also in contralateral NON eyes (month 12).ConclusionsRetinal structural damage develops rapidly following acute ON and is associated with subsequent functional visual deficits. Our results also suggest bilateral retinal pathology following unilateral ON, possibly caused by subclinical involvement of the contralateral NON eyes. Moreover, our data may assist in clinical trial planning in studies targeting tissue damage in acute ON.

Interleukin-8 is associated with acute and persistent dysfunction after optic neuritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1841-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rossi ◽  
C Motta ◽  
V Studer ◽  
C Rocchi ◽  
G Macchiarulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Visual Evoked Potential ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis ◽  
Csf Levels

Background: Acute optic neuritis is often in association with multiple sclerosis (MS). Proinflammatory cytokines trigger neuronal damage in neuroinflammatory disorders but their role in optic neuritis is poorly investigated. Objective: The objective of this work is to investigate the associations of intrathecal contents of proinflammatory cytokines with transient and persistent dysfunctions after optic neuritis. Methods: In 50 MS patients followed for up to six months, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IL-1β, TNF and IL-8 were determined, along with clinical, neurophysiological and morphological measures of optic neuritis severity. Results: Visual impairment, measured by high- and low-contrast visual acuity, and delayed visual-evoked potential (VEP) latencies were significantly correlated to IL-8 levels during optic neuritis. IL-8 at the time of optic neuritis was also associated with persistent demyelination and final axonal loss, inferred by VEP and optical coherence tomography measures, respectively. Contents of IL-8 were correlated to functional visual outcomes, being higher among patients with incomplete recovery. Multivariate analysis confirmed that IL-8 significantly predicted final visual acuity, at equal values of demographics and baseline visual scores. Conclusion: Our study points to IL-8 as the main inflammatory cytokine associated with demyelination and secondary neurodegeneration in the optic nerve after optic neuritis.

The optic nerve sheath on MRI in acute optic neuritis

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Hickman ◽  
K. A. Miszkiel ◽  
G. T. Plant ◽  
D. H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis

scholarly journals An overview of idiopathic optic neuritis in eastern Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
H Das ◽  
Maria Gautam ◽  
P Lavaju
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Pulse Methylprednisolone ◽  
Pulse Steroid Therapy ◽  
Initial Visual Acuity ◽  
Pulse Methylprednisolone Therapy ◽  
Pulse Steroid

Background: Inflammation of the optic nerve is a common cause of visual loss due to optic nerve pathology. Objective: To report the clinical features, demographic pattern and response to pulse steroid therapy in patients with idiopathic optic neuritis in eastern Nepal. Materials and methods: The hospital data of patients with idiopathic optic neuritis admitted to the department of ophthalmology in a tertiary level center in eastern Nepal between Jan 2000 to Dec 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters studied were demographic pattern, clinical features, visual acuity and field defects. Results: Thirty-six patients (52 eyes) were found to have optic neuritis (papillits in 36 and retrobulbar optic neuritis in16 eyes). The male to female ratio was1.25:1. The mean age of the patients was 33.56±17.88 years (95 % CI=24.66 - 42.45). The most common modes of presentation were loss of visual acuity and color vision defect. One patient had features suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Vision improved in 42 eyes at discharge from the hospital. Response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy was good in most (42 eyes) of the cases except for the patients having initial visual acuity of no light perception. Conclusion: Response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy is good in patients with initial visual acuity of at least perception of light. Demographic and clinical features of our patients were different from those reported from the western world. Some similarity was observed between studies reported from the oriental countries. Keywords: optic neuritis; demographic pattern; pulse steroid therapy. DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i1.3698 Nep J Oph 2010;2(1):10-15

scholarly journals Effects of high dose prednisolone on optic nerve head blood flow in patients with acute optic neuritis

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A30
Author(s):  
Hemma Resch ◽  
Günther Weigert ◽  
Gerhard Garhöfer ◽  
Karl Kircher ◽  
Guido T Dorner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis

WED 143 Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis (CRION) in the neuroinflammatory clinic

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. A16.4-A17
Author(s):  
Cousins Oliver ◽  
Khan Hina ◽  
Harikrishnan Sreedharan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Short Course

CRION is a rare cause of optic neuritis. It is usually bilateral, painful and associated with profound visual loss. Significant response to corticosteroid treatment is typical but relapse is common when treatment is withdrawn. We present 2 cases of possible CRION and discuss the diagnostic and management considerations.Case 1: 50-year-old woman presented with right optic neuritis which spontaneous recovered. A year later she had left painful visual loss which improved with a short course of corticosteroids. MRI neuroaxis revealed left optic nerve enhancement. Non-specific, faint unmatched OCBs were detected. AQP4-IgG was negative. Nine months later she had further visual loss in her left eye. Prednisolone and azathioprine were commenced.Case 2: 55-year-old woman with bilateral, painless visual acuity deterioration over two weeks. Investigations revealed negative anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG), normal MRI of the neuroaxis, negative oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and visual evoked potentials showed bilateral delay. Serum ACE was slightly elevated. She was started on a tapering course of steroids and had significant visual acuity improvement.The diagnosis of CRION involves the exclusion of other causes of optic neuritis, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) and sarcoidosis. Correct diagnosis is important as aggressive and long-term immunosuppression is required.

scholarly journals Calpain inhibitor attenuated optic nerve damage in acute optic neuritis in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arabinda Das ◽  
M. Kelly Guyton ◽  
Amena Smith ◽  
Gerald Wallace ◽  
Misty L. McDowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Nerve Damage ◽  
Calpain Inhibitor ◽  
Optic Nerve Damage ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis
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