scholarly journals The Severity of Retinopathy in the Extremely Premature Infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Trivli ◽  
Maria Polychronaki ◽  
Charoula Matalliotaki ◽  
Michail Papadimas ◽  
Athina E. Patelarou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Births ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. We aimed to investigate the incidence and the severity of retinopathy of extremely premature infants and to evaluate the risk factors and outcome of the cases. Materials and Methods. Out of 200 premature births, we retrospectively reviewed 9 cases that developed ROP. We excluded cases where ROP developed in newborns > 30 weeks of gestational age and cases where medical notes were unavailable or incomplete. Topical drops of cyclopentolate 1% and phenylephrine 5% were instilled and fundoscopy was performed using a direct ophthalmoscope. Results. The incidence of ROP was 4.5% in the 9-year period. The infants were divided into two groups. Group 1 included premature infants ≤27 weeks of age and Group 2 included those >27 weeks but ≤ 30 weeks of age. We found that the infants of Group 1 showed advanced stages of ROP in comparison to Group 2. Out of 18 eyes, 11 eyes had stage 3 ROP and they were all found in Group 1 (100% of cases). Conclusion. The severity of ROP was associated with earlier gestational age, lower birth weight, and oxygen supplementation. Constant cooperation between physicians and nursing staff is necessary to avoid undetected cases and further prevent ROP related blindness.

scholarly journals THE SURVIVAL OF PREMATURE INFANTS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
Larisa Crivceanscaia ◽  
◽  
Maria Stamatin ◽  
Mihai Stratulat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Preterm Newborns ◽  
Group 1

Worldwide, premature birth is the main cause of infant mortality and a significant cause of human potential loss of premature survivors for the next stages of life. Purpose. To determine the rate of premature infants survival depending on the level of medical assistance and the main risk factors involved in the death of preterm infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks. Materials and methods. We included in the study 750 preterm newborns divided into three groups as follows: group 1 – 476 premature newborns born in IMSP IMsC, Chisinau (level III maternity); group 2 – 240 premature infants transferred by the AVIASAN service from level I and II maternities to the level III unit and group 3 – 34 premature babies from IMSP IMsC Chisinau that received surfactant administered by the LISA method (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration). We performed a complex analysis of the risk factors for death and the positive impact of highly specialised care on survival. The data was analysed using SPSS V.21 software (IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Chicago, Illinois). Results. The survival rate at 78 days of life was significantly higher in the newborns from the level III maternity that received LISA therapy (93.3%), compared to those in group 1 (78.2%) and group 2 (78.9%) respectively. Conclusions. The survival of premature infants is a multifactorial problem. The main factor that determines the rate of death for these infants is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), followed by birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), resuscitation method, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and last but not least by the level of maternity where the infants were born. These factors might be considered predictive for death of preterm newborns with gestational age less than 34 weeks.

Peritoneal Drainage as the Initial Management of Intestinal Perforation in Premature Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 851-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Stokes ◽  
Joseph A. Iocono ◽  
John M. Draus
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Peritoneal Drainage ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Median Birth Weight ◽  
Group 1

Complicated necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) are major causes of mortality. We hypothesized that peritoneal drainage (PD) is more efficacious in SIP. Newborn infants with intestinal perforation treated with PD at our institution between 2007 and 2012 were divided into two groups: Group 1, infants with complicated NEC (n = 19), and Group 2, infants with SIP (n = 15). In Group 1, median birth weight was 705 g; median gestational age was 25.9 weeks. Median age at PD was 24 days. Six required laparotomy. Median time from PD to enteral feeds was 22.5 days. In Group 2, median birth weight was 685 g; median gestational age was 25.3 weeks. Median age at PD was 5 days. Two required laparotomy. Median time from PD to enteral feeds was 16 days. In Group 1, eight patients survived to discharge; median length of hospital stay (LOS) was 104.5 days. In Group 2, eight survived; median LOS was 109.5 days. Neither outcome was statistically significant ( P = 0.73 and 0.878, respectively). Management of premature infants with intestinal perforation remains challenging. Mortality is high. Between our cohorts, there were no differences in regard to PD as definitive therapy, survival, and LOS.

Screening Studies of Retinopathy of Prematurity and Its Prospects for Ophthalmology

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
E.I. Sidorenko ◽  
◽  
G.V. Nikolaeva ◽  
E.E. Sidorenko ◽  
S.A. Obrubov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Pathological Angiogenesis ◽  
Preclinical Phase ◽  
Oxygen Inhalation ◽  
Screening Systems

The leading risk factors development of ROP are presented: low gestational age, low birth weight, weight dynamics of a newborn in the first 6 weeks after birth (Winrop algorithm), oxygen inhalation for more than 20–50 days, artificial ventilation for more than 5–7 days, stay in the couvette for more than 4 weeks. Screening prognostic scales in premature infants and laboratory methods for studying a system that fights circulatory hypoxia, the failure of which causes pathological angiogenesis, have been shown. It has been proposed to identify the first preclinical phase in ROP classification, where its pathogenesis is formed, and to develop domestic screening systems for ROP prognosis. Key words: retinopathy of premature, pathogenesis, autoregulation of blood vessels, preclinical phase of retinopathy of premature, screening systems for ROP prognosis.

Analysis of retinopathy of prematurity screening in Tianjin, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Mei Han ◽  
◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Quan-Hong Han ◽  
Li Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Multicenter Retrospective Review ◽  
The Impact

AIM: To analyze the findings of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) exam in Tianjin, and study the impact of pulmonary surfactant Curosurf and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in ROP. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective review. 2894 preterm infants (1592 males, 1302 females) from several hospitals in Tianjin were screened from January 2009 to December 2013. Demographic information, ophthalmic outcomes and possible systemic risk factors were recorded. Gestation age, birth weight, oxygen supplementation, Curosurf and NCPAP were used to estimate risk factors for ROP. RESULTS: ROP was found in 448 eyes of 224 patients (7.7%). Among which, severe ROP developed in 98 eyes of 49 patients (21.9%). There was significant statistical difference in RDS, NCPAP, and Curosurf usage between control and ROP groups (P=0.000). Multiple logistic regression analyses of ROP indicated that lower birth weight, younger gestational age, and oxygen supplementation were the risk factors leading to ROP. As the usage rate of Curosurf and NCPAP increased year by year, the usage of oxygen supplementation gradually decreased, the incidence of ROP was also on the decline. CONCLUSION: Low birth weight, young gestational age and oxygen supplementation are associated with ROP. The use of Curosurf and NCPAP may be the factor that reduces the occurrence of ROP.

scholarly journals Fundus Examination of 23,861 Newborns by Digital Imaging in Ningbo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Delin Liu ◽  
Jiao Zheng ◽  
Yi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Ocular Abnormalities ◽  
Term Newborns

Purpose. To perform fundus examinations of full-term and premature infants to identify common congenital ocular diseases and determine the incidence and additional risk factors in Ningbo, China. Methods. Fundus examinations were performed on newborns between January 2017 and July 2020 in Ningbo using a RetCam3 or PanoCam LT wide-field digital imaging system. The neonates’ birth weight, gestational age, gender, delivery mode, oxygen intake, and other conditions were recorded. We compared the incidence of ocular abnormalities in both full-term newborns and premature infants. Results. There were 23,861 newborns in this study comprising 12,605 (52.8%) male and 11,256 (47.2%) female infants, 20,938 full-term babies, and 2,923 premature babies. The average gestational age was 37.9 ± 5.6 weeks, and the average birth weight was 3,189 ± 417 g. Overall, we found ocular abnormalities in 6,645 (27.8%). The most common abnormality in full-term newborns was retinal hemorrhage (RH), which we found in 3,827 (18.3%) cases. Other diseases identified included familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), retinoblastoma (RB), and congenital cataracts. The delivery method had a significant impact on the incidence of neonatal RH ( P < 0.001 ). Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was observed in 617 newborns accounting for 21.1% of all screened premature infants. Logistic analysis showed that gestational age and birth weight were important risk factors for ROP ( P < 0.001 ). For treatable diseases, such as ROP, FEVR, congenital cataract, glaucoma, and RB, early identification allows for active treatment or referral to a specialized hospital for further treatment. Conclusion. Early examination and prompt treatment of ocular disorders in newborns are important to avoid lifelong visual impairment. Eye examinations should be performed during the neonatal period and at regular follow-up visits.

scholarly journals RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY (ROP);

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asghar Ali ◽  
Muhammad Anwar ◽  
Malik Muhammad Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: To find out Association with risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of in-hospital newborns of low birth weight (LBW). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Paediatrics, Civil Hospital Bahawalpur. Period: March 2017 to May 2018. Material and Methods: Sixty infants having birth weight 800 gram to 2500 gram, gestational age from 28 weeks to 40 weeks, either male or female were selected. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was assessed in selected patients. Results: Mean gestational age was 32.67 ± 3.8 weeks, mean weight was 1484.17 ± 532.9 gram and mean duration of hospital stay was 14.52 ± 6.6 days. ROP was noted in 20 (33%) patients. Grade I ROP was noted in 11 (55%) patients followed by grade II 7 (35%) and grade III in 2 (10%) patients. Very low birth weight (VLBW), longer duration of oxygen supplementation and male gender were found to be significantly associated (p value < 0.05) with ROP while other variables turned out to be insignificant. Conclusion: Association and risk factors of ROP in LBW infants is high and most of the cases were found with grade I ROP. ROP developed in all very premature infants. Significant association of ROP was noted with VLBW, prolonged duration of oxygen supplementation and male gender.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Ardebil (North West of Iran): Prevalence and Risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563
Author(s):  
H. Ojaghi ◽  
Y. Fekri ◽  
N. Momeni ◽  
F. Amani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Parental Consanguinity ◽  
Blood Exchange ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which affects the retina of premature infants, is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity infants referred to Alavi hospital between October 2018 and October 2019. Methods: In the present study, 400 infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks and or birth weight of 2000 g or less were enrolled in the study. Required information including sex, gestational age, maternal age, birth weight, type of delivery, oxygen therapy, septicemia, multiple gestations, family marriage, respiratory problem, and blood exchange were extracted from their hospital records and then included in the data collection form. These infants were also examined for ROP, stage and area of involvement by an experienced ophthalmologist and then classified into two groups including retinopathy and healthy group. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS 25 software using chi-square, fisher exact test, t-test, binary logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis. Results: Of the 400 preterm infants studied (57.2% male and 42.8% female), 107 (26.8%) infants had ROP of whom 23 (21.5%) needed treatment (i.e. 5.8% of all infants need treatment). There were 4 (3.7%), 29 (27.1%), and 74 (69.2%) infants with zone I, II, and III, respectively. There were 91 (85%), 11 (10.3%), and 5 (4.7%) infants with stage I, II, and III, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that parental consanguinity (OR=2.263, 95%CI: 1.240-4.130, P=0.008), gestational age less than 32.5 weeks (OR=4.067, 95%CI: 2.340- 7.069, P<0.001), and birth weight less than 1725 g (OR=4.522, 95%CI: 2.677-7.637, P<0.001) were associated with a 2.3-fold, 4.1-fold, and 4.5-fold increased risk of ROP, respectively. ROP had no significant relationship with other variables. Conclusion: In summary, the findings of the present study showed that one quarter of the premature infants had ROP. Furthermore, birth weight less than 1725 g, gestational age less than 32.5 weeks, and parental consanguinity were risk factors for ROP, in addition, one-fifth of the infants with ROP needed treatment. Key Words: Retinopathy, Prematurity, ROP, Newborn.

Risk Factors for Retrolental Fibroplasia: Experience with 3,025 Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Dilip M. Purohit ◽  
R. Curtis Ellison ◽  
Sally Zierler ◽  
Olli S. Miettinen ◽  
Alexander S. Nadas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia

The rate of retrolental fibroplasia in relation to prenatal and neonatal characteristics was explored on the basis of a cohort of 3,025 neonates with birth weight less than 1,750 g. The overall rate of retrolental fibroplasia of any degree at hospital discharge was 11%, varying from 43% for those with birth weight between 500 and 749 g to 3% for those in the 1,500- to 1,750-g category. Among the potential determinants, the main interest was in nonhyperoxic characteristics, conditional on measures of prematurity and oxygen supplementation. Maternal diabetes and antihistamine use during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy were associated with significantly higher rates of retrolental fibroplasia, whereas toxemia was associated with lower rates. Frequent apneic spells, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and sepsis in the neonate were also associated with significantly higher rates. On the other hand, the data indicate no independent role of low Apgar score, intraventricular hemorrhage, exchange transfusion, patent ductus arteriosus, or certain other characteristics previously postulated as risk factors.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of prematurity in Ardabil, North West of Iran: Prevalence and risk factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Fekri ◽  
Habib Ojaghi ◽  
Neda Momeni ◽  
Firouz Amani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Parental Consanguinity ◽  
Blood Exchange ◽  
Increased Risk

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which affects the retina of premature infants, is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity infants referred to Alavi hospital between October 2018 and October 2019. In the present study, 400 infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks and or birth weight of 2000 g or less were enrolled in the study. Required information including sex, gestational age, maternal age, birth weight, type of delivery, oxygen therapy, septicemia, multiple gestations, consanguineous marriage, respiratory problem, and blood exchange were extracted from their hospital records and then included in the data collection form. These infants were also examined for ROP, stage and area of involvement by an experienced ophthalmologist and then classified into two groups including retinopathy and healthy group. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS 25 software using chi-square, fisher exact test, t-test, binary logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis. Of the 400 preterm infants studied (57.2% male and 42.8% female), 107 (26.8%) infants had ROP of whom 23 (21.5%) needed treatment (i.e. 5.8% of all infants need treatment). There were 4 (3.7%), 29 (27.1%), and 74 (69.2%) infants with zone I, II, and III, respectively. There were 91 (85%), 11 (10.3%), and 5 (4.7%) infants with stage I, II, and III, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that parental consanguinity (OR=2.263, 95%CI: 1.240-4.130, P=0.008), gestational age less than 32.5 weeks (OR=4.067, 95%CI: 2.340-7.069, P<0.001), and birth weight less than 1725 g (OR=4.522, 95%CI: 2.677-7.637, P<0.001) were associated with a 2.3-fold, 4.1-fold, and 4.5-fold increased risk of ROP, respectively. ROP had no significant relationship with other variables. In summary, the findings of the present study showed that one quarter of the premature infants had ROP. Furthermore, birth weight less than 1725 g, gestational age less than 32.5 weeks, and parental consanguinity were risk factors for ROP, in addition, one-fifth of the infants with ROP needed treatment.

scholarly journals The effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and clinical outcomes in premature infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Cagri Cakir ◽  
Bayram Ali Dorum ◽  
Nilgun Koksal ◽  
Hilal Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To investigate the effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and neonatal outcomes in premature infants. Methods: The study included preterm infants born at gestational age ≤32 weeks in a tertiary university hospital between January 2016 and January 2017. The study group consisted of infants born from mothers with preeclampsia (Group-1), and the control group consisted of infants born from normotensive mothers (Group-2). Demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of the infants were recorded. IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α cytokine levels were measured from umbilical cord blood samples. Results: A total of 108 infants were included in the study, of which 34 were in the Group-1 and 74 in the Group-2. Gestational ages (29 vs 30 weeks) of the infants in both groups were similar. There was no significant difference between the cytokine levels of infants with and without preeclampsia. The rate of small for gestational age, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were significantly higher at the infants with preeclampsia. Conclusion: Maternal preeclampsia leads to an increase at the neonatal morbidities in premature infants without causing a significant alteration at the cytokine levels in cord blood. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.1.1316 How to cite this:Cakir SC, Dorum BA, Koksal N, Ozkan H. The effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and clinical outcomes in premature infants. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.1.1316 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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