scholarly journals CT Scanning in Identification of Sheep Cystic Echinococcosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rui Mao ◽  
Hongzhi Qi ◽  
Lei Pei ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Jian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Lung Infection ◽  
Liver Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
Suitable Tool ◽  
Cystic Hydatid

Objective. We aim to determine the efficiency of CT in identification of cystic echinococcosis in sheep. Methods. Fifty-three sheep with liver cysts confirmed by ultrasonography were subject to CT scan to evaluate the number, size, and type of the cysts in liver and lung, confirmed using necropsy. The correlation of numbers between liver cysts and lung cysts was calculated using Pearson analysis. Results. Necropsy indicated a 98% consensus on size, location, number, and activity compared with CT scan. The viable cysts were 53.1% and 50.6% in the liver and lung, respectively. Among the cysts in liver, 35.5%, 9.5%, 5.7%, 10.2%, and 39.1% were Types CE1, CE2, CE3, CE4, and CE5, respectively. The cysts in the lungs, 17.4%, 26.9%, 12.1%, 11.6%, and 32.1%, were Types CE1, CE2, CE3, CE4, and CE5, respectively. A significant correlation was noticed between the number of cysts in liver and those in lung (R=0.770, P<0.001). Conclusions. CT scan is a suitable tool in determining the size and type of cystic hydatid cysts in both liver and lung of sheep. A significant correlation was noticed between the numbers in liver and lung, indicating that lung infection was likely due to the expansion of liver cyst burden pressure.

scholarly journals Successful treatment for intra-abdominal bleeding due to spontaneous rupture of huge liver cyst using transcatheter arterial embolization: a case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Arterial Embolization ◽  
Liver Cyst ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Abdominal Bleeding

Background: Non-parasitic simple liver cysts are one of the most common benign hepatic lesions. Although most liver cysts are asymptomatic and remain silent throughout the patient’s life, extremely large cysts can become symptomatic by direct compression to adjacent organs. Herein, we report a case of a spontaneously ruptured simple liver cyst, which is a rare presentation of a benign liver cyst. The patient’s liver cyst re-ruptured and was treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Case report: A 62-year-old man presented to our hospital complaining of acute-onset lower abdominal pain. He had undergone laparoscopic fenestration of a huge liver cyst in another hospital 2 years prior. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed spontaneous rupture of a large liver cyst. Laparoscopic exploratory laparotomy showed no signs of ongoing intra-abdominal bleeding from the liver cyst; therefore, the operation was completed with peritoneal lavage. The patient was discharged from our hospital on postoperative day 5. Twelve days after the initial presentation, the patient was re-admitted to our hospital complaining of recurrence of lower abdominal pain. CT scan showed an enlargement of the previously ruptured liver cyst, with intra-abdominal bleeding and massive hematoma in the cyst. Extravasation of the cyst’s wall was also detected. Under the diagnosis of intra-abdominal bleeding from the artery in the wall of the huge cyst, emergent TAE was performed. Although the exact spot of extravasation was not detected, the anterior segment branch of the right hepatic artery, which corresponds to extravasation shown on the CT scan, was embolized. The patient was discharged from our hospital after 7 days, and the liver cyst remained stable without abdominal pain for more than 2 months. Conclusions: This case highlights a rare presentation of spontaneous rupture of a liver cyst with massive bleeding and the efficacy of TAE for the conservative treatment of ruptured liver cysts.

Hydatidosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) and their potential role in the epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Lung Cysts

AbstractHydatid cysts were recovered from 35.2% (233/661) of camels (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered in five different regions of Iran. The degree of prevalence between males (34.4%) and females (36.6%) was not statistically significant. The highest rate of infection (59.3%) was found in the Isfahan region (in the central part of Iran) while the lowest (25.7%) was found in Kerman province. The organ distribution of cysts was 49.4% in lungs alone, 30.0% in both liver and lungs, 14.6% in liver only and 6.0% in other organs. Therefore, the lungs were the predominant sites of the hydatid cyst. The range in the number of cysts was 1–48 in infected animals. The majority of the camels had 1–5 cysts, with 21.9%, 11.6% and 5.6% of infected camels having 6–10, 11–20 and 21 or more cysts respectively. There was a direct relationship between the rate and intensity of infection and host age. The fertility rate of lung cysts (69.7%) was higher than that of liver cysts (58.7%) and other organs (50.0%) whilst the viability rate of protoscoleces of liver fertile cysts (80.3%) was significantly higher than that of lung cysts (55.8%) and other organs (57.1%). The role of camels in the epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Iran is discussed.

Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Libya

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Ibrahem ◽  
P.S. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Sheep And Goats

AbstractIn an abattoir study, 514 camels, slaughtered for meat production in different areas of northern Libya were examined for the presence of cystic echinococcosis (CE). In addition, 367 sheep and 184 goats were examined. The overall prevalence of infection with CE was 48% in camels, 15.8% in sheep and 3.8% in goats. The infection rate, number and size of cysts were significantly higher in older camels. In six city abattoirs across northern Libya, i.e. Zawia, Tripoli, ElKhumes, Mesurata, Sirt and Benghazi, the prevalence rate of infection in camels ranged from 38.7% to 55.2%, in comparison with sheep and goat rates which were between 0% and 37.9% and 0% and 8.2%, respectively. In camels, the lungs were the most frequently infected organs (85.4%) with liver cysts occurring at a significantly lower rate (33%). In contrast, the liver was the predominant infected site with prevalence values of 86% and 100% in sheep and goats, respectively. More than 90% of camel hydatid cysts were fertile. The possible role of camels in the transmission of CE in Libya is discussed.

scholarly journals Studies on the specific immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in camels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kandil ◽  
N. Hassan ◽  
D. Sedky ◽  
E. Beshir Ata
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Germinal Layer ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is of increasing public health and socio-economic concern because of the large morbidity rates and produced high economic losses in the livestock industry. The objective of the current research was to study the reliability of indirect ELISA in detecting CE, based on two dif-ferent types of crude antigens of camel origin; protoscolex and germinal layer antigens from hydatid cyst. Blood samples were collected from 284 (125 slaughtered and 159 live camels). Out of 125 slaughtered camels examined visually, 55 (44%) were found to have hydatid cysts. Of them, 52/125 (41.6%) and 3/125 (2.4%) harboured hydatid cysts in lungs and livers respectively. Fertile lung cysts were 32.8%; 26.9% were sterile, while 40.3% of lung and liver cysts were calcified. The sensitivity of ELISA was 83% and 46.5% when protoscolex and germinal layer antigens were used, respectively. The respective specificity of antigens of protoscolex and germinal layer was 70.3% and 41.7%. The protoscolex antigen showed higher accuracy (73.6%) compared to the germinal layer antigen (52.8%). The cross reactivity of these antigens were evaluated with antigens and hyperimmune sera of CE and Fasciola spp. and Haemonchus contortus using ELISA. The results showed also weak immunogenic potency of each antigen with Fasciola spp. hyperimmune sera at dilution 1:50 while hyperimmune sera of Haemonchus contortus did not bind any antigen.

Prevalence of hydatidosis and fertility of hydatid cysts in sheep in Kirikkale, Turkey

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yildiz ◽  
S. Gurcan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence and fertility of hydatid cysts in sheep in Kirikkale, Turkey. A total of 3.2% of 553 lambs and 50.9% of 1320 adults were found to be infected with hydatid cysts. The most common locations of cysts were in the liver and lung. Liver cysts tended to be more fertile than lung cysts (81.53% v. 76.47%), though the difference was not significant. The mean number of viable protoscoleces in the liver and lung cysts were 12,400 and 5,800, respectively. In general, 1-10 cysts were found in liver (51.8%) and lung (64.7%). The findings of this study indicate that hydatid cysts are common in sheep and the fertility rate of cysts is quite high. Sheep play an important role in the life cycle of Echinococcus granulosus in this region.

scholarly journals Human and animal cystic echinococcosis in Tataouine governorate: hypoendemic area in a hyperendemic country, myth or reality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim M’rad ◽  
Raja Chaâbane-Banaoues ◽  
Massaouda Ghrab ◽  
Hamouda Babba ◽  
Myriam Oudni-M’rad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Sera Samples

Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) has a worldwide distribution and is especially prevalent in North African countries. With a mean annual surgical incidence (ASI) of CE of 12.7 per 100,000 inhabitants, Tunisia is one of the most CE endemic countries in the Mediterranean area. Tataouine governorate is considered to be the most CE hypoendemic region in Tunisia (ASI = 0.92) despite favourable socioeconomic conditions that enable maintenance of the Echinococcus granulosussensu lato (s.l.) life-cycle and a significant environmental contamination with E. granulosuss.l. eggs. The aim of this study was to assess human CE seroprevalence, prevalence of CE in food animals and environmental contamination by E. granulosus s.l. eggs in different districts of Tataouine governorate. Methods This study was conducted from January to December 2018. A total of 374 human sera samples were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against E. granulosus using a commercial ELISA kit. Specimens were also collected from animals slaughtered at the Tataouine abattoir (n = 8609) and examined for the presence of hydatid cysts; 111 hydatid cysts were genotyped. Eggs of E. granulosuss.l. were identified by PCR and DNA sequencing from dog faecal samples (n = 288). Results Serological tests showed that 8.5% of the sera samples tested were positive for E. granulosus-specific antibodies. The average prevalence of hydatidosis in livestock was 1.6%, and CE infection was more prevalent in cattle than in sheep, goats and dromedaries. The contamination rate of dog faeces by E. granulosus sensu stricto eggs varied significantly from 0 to 23.5% depending on the collection area. Molecular analyses only revealed the presence of the G1 genotype for cysts and eggs. Conclusions Based on our findings, CE is likely to be more endemic in the Tataouine governorate than previously described. Thus, to implement an effective control programme against CE, a national survey should be carried out to determine human CE prevalence in the different Tunisian governorates. Graphic Abstract

Efficiency of diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiating radiologically similar simple and type I hydatid cysts of the liver

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512098813
Author(s):  
Ilyas Dundar ◽  
Mesut Ozgokce ◽  
Fatma Durmaz ◽  
Sercan Ozkacmaz ◽  
Saim Turkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Liver Cysts ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Hepatic Lesions

Background Determining the nature of purely cystic hepatic lesions is essential because different kinds have different follow-ups, treatment options, and complications. Purpose To explore the potential of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the differentiation of type I hydatid cysts (HC) and simple liver cysts (SLC), which have similar radiological appearances. Material and Methods This single-center prospective study was conducted during 2016–2019. Round, homogenous, anechoic liver cysts >1 cm were classified according to at least two years of imaging follow-up, radiological features, serology, as well as puncture aspiration injection reaspiration procedure and pathology results. ADC values of 95 cysts (50 type I HCs and 45 SLCs) were calculated on DWI. The differences in ADC values were analyzed by independent t-test. Results Of 51 patients, 28 were female, 23 were male (mean age 32.07 ± 22.95 years; age range 5–82 years). Mean diameter of 45 SLCs was 2.59 ± 1.23 cm (range 1.2–7.6 cm) and ADCmean value was 3.03 ± 0.47 (range 2.64–5.85) while mean diameter of 50 type I HCs was 7.49 ± 2.95 cm (range 2.8–14 cm) and ADCmean value was 2.99 ± 0.29 (range 2.36–3.83). There was no statistically significant difference in ADC values between type I HCs and SLCs Conclusion Some studies report that ADC values of type I HCs are statistically significantly lower than those of SLCs. Others suggest no significant difference. In our study with a higher number of cases, using ADC parameters similar to those in previous studies, we did not find any statistically significant difference.

scholarly journals Image Registration of 18F-FDG PET/CT Using the MotionFree Algorithm and CT Protocols through Phantom Study and Clinical Evaluation

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Deok-Hwan Kim ◽  
Eun-Hye Yoo ◽  
Ui-Seong Hong ◽  
Jun-Hyeok Kim ◽  
Young-Heon Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Scanning Time ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Static Images ◽  
Type C ◽  
Natural Breathing ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Patient Studies

We evaluated the benefits of the MotionFree algorithm through phantom and patient studies. The various sizes of phantom and vacuum vials were linked to RPM moving with or without MotionFree application. A total of 600 patients were divided into six groups by breathing protocols and CT scanning time. Breathing protocols were applied as follows: (a) patients who underwent scanning without any breathing instructions; (b) patients who were instructed to hold their breath after expiration during CT scan; and (c) patients who were instructed to breathe naturally. The length of PET/CT misregistration was measured and we defined the misregistration when it exceeded 10 mm. In the phantom tests, the images produced by the MotionFree algorithm were observed to have excellent agreement with static images. There were significant differences in PET/CT misregistration according to CT scanning time and each breathing protocol. When applying the type (c) protocol, decreasing the CT scanning time significantly reduced the frequency and length of misregistrations (p < 0.05). The MotionFree application is able to correct respiratory motion artifacts and to accurately quantify lesions. The shorter time of CT scan can reduce the frequency, and the natural breathing protocol also decreases the lengths of misregistrations.

scholarly journals Conservative Surgical Management for Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst: Analysis and Outcome of 148 Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aldahmashi ◽  
Mohamed Alassal ◽  
Ibrahim Kasb ◽  
Hany Elrakhawy
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Bronchopleural Fistula ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Conservative Surgery ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Purse String ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst

Background. Hydatid cyst (HC) disease is endemic in many developing countries, like Yemen, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, especially in the rural regions. The disease has a variable clinical courses and even might be asymptomatic for many years.Objectives. In giant and large pulmonary hydatid cysts, pulmonary resection is the usual method of surgical treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the lung conservative surgery in treatment of cases with giant and large hydatid lung cysts, as an effective method of management.Patients and Methods. Between January 2009 and August 2014, a total of 148 patients with pulmonary hydatid cysts were operated and their data was reviewed retrospectively and analyzed. Out of these cases, 52 (35.14%) cysts with more than 10 cm in diameter and 36 (24.32%) cysts with 5–9 cm were regarded as giant and large hydatid lung cysts, respectively. The small cysts less than 5 cm were presented in 8 (5.4%) cases only; other cases had ruptured cysts. Preservation of the lung tissues during surgery by cystotomy and Capitonnage was our conservative surgical methods of choice.Results. Eight patients developed bronchopleural fistula (BPF); of them, 4 BPFs have healed with chest tube and physiotherapy, but in the other 4 patients reoperation was done for the closure of persistent BPF. No mortality was observed in the present study.Conclusion. We conclude that conservative surgical procedure can achieve complete removal of the pulmonary hydatid cyst. Enucleation of the intact huge cysts is safe. Careful and secured closure of the bronchial communication should be done by purse string or figure-of-8 sutures, with or without Teflon pledgets. These simple procedures are safe, reliable, and successful.

The use of computerized tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral hydatid cysts

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuncalp Özgen ◽  
Aykut Erbengi ◽  
Vural Bertan ◽  
Süleyman Saǧlam ◽  
Özdemir Gürçay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebral Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Cyst Membrane ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Eleven cases of cerebral hydatid cyst, diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT), are presented. The importance of CT in minimizing the possibility of accidentally tapping or tearing the cyst membrane is stressed. Repeat CT scanning after removal of the cyst revealed atrophy in the affected hemisphere.

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