scholarly journals Respiratory Failure due to Severe Obesity and Kyphoscoliosis in a 24-Year-Old Male with Molecularly Confirmed Prader-Willi Syndrome in Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Elichilia R. Shao ◽  
Lucas F. Kiyegi ◽  
Amos O. Mwasamwaja ◽  
Kajiru Kilonzo ◽  
Ben C. J. Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Extreme Obesity ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Sub Saharan

Obesity, mild intellectual disability, hypotonia, poor sucking, cryptorchidism in males, hypogonadism, and kyphoscoliosis are common features of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). We report a case who had severe respiratory complications due to extreme obesity and kyphoscoliosis, which are important causes of morbidity and mortality, and discuss management. Furthermore, this is the first molecularly confirmed PWS case in Sub-Saharan Africa outside South Africa.

scholarly journals Management of chronic respiratory complications in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (157) ◽  
pp. 200054
Author(s):  
Michele Arigliani ◽  
Atul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Blood Disorder ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sub Saharan

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a life-threatening hereditary blood disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This condition has a multi-organ involvement and highly vascularised organs, such as the lungs, are particularly affected. Chronic respiratory complications of SCD involve pulmonary vascular, parenchymal and airways alterations. A progressive decline of lung function often begins in childhood. Asthma, sleep-disordered breathing and chronic hypoxaemia are common and associated with increased morbidity. Pulmonary hypertension is a serious complication, more common in adults than in children. Although there is a growing attention towards respiratory care of patients with SCD, evidence regarding the prognostic meaning and optimal management of pulmonary issues in children with this condition is limited.This narrative review presents state-of-the-art evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology and therapeutic options for chronic respiratory complications commonly seen in paediatric patients with SCD. Furthermore, it highlights the gaps in the current knowledge and indicates future directions for studies that aim to improve our understanding of chronic respiratory complications in children with SCD.

scholarly journals Provider-perceived barriers to diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome in Tanzania: a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian T Hertz ◽  
Godfrey L Kweka ◽  
Preeti Manavalan ◽  
Melissa H Watt ◽  
Francis M Sakita
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Provider Perspectives ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Clinical Officers

Abstract Background The incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is growing across sub-Saharan Africa and many healthcare systems are ill-equipped for this growing burden. Evidence suggests that healthcare providers may be underdiagnosing and undertreating ACS, leading to poor health outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine provider perspectives on barriers to ACS care in Tanzania in order to identify opportunities for interventions to improve care. Methods Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with physicians and clinical officers from emergency departments and outpatient departments in northern Tanzania. Thematic analysis was conducted using an iterative cycle of coding and consensus building. Results The 11 participants included six physicians and five clinical officers from health centers, community hospitals and one referral hospital. Providers identified barriers related to providers, systems and patients. Provider-related barriers included inadequate training regarding ACS and poor application of textbook-based knowledge. System-related barriers included lack of diagnostic equipment, unavailability of treatments, referral system delays, lack of data regarding disease burden, absence of locally relevant guidelines and cost of care. Patient-related barriers included inadequate ACS knowledge, inappropriate healthcare-seeking behavior and non-adherence. Conclusions This study identified actionable barriers to ACS care in northern Tanzania. Multifaceted interventions are urgently needed to improve care.

Assessing Assets Among Street-Connected Youth: New Angles With Participatory Methods in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-651
Author(s):  
Laura R. Johnson ◽  
Christopher F. Drescher ◽  
Sophia H. Assenga ◽  
Rachel J. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Street Youth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level

Street-connected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa have been neglected in scholarly research. Extant literature is largely problem focused. This study describes strengths and assets among street-connected youth in Tanzania, using a participatory, mixed methods approach. Adolescents ( N = 38, 13-17 years) in a rehabilitation center for street youth in Northern Tanzania completed a Swahili version of the Developmental Assets Profile (DAP). They engaged in participatory activities designed to capture multiple perspectives and promote maximal engagement. A subsample of youth ( n = 8) took part in photovoice to elucidate contextual details. Although exploratory, we expected (a) participants would have lower scores on the external versus internal domain of the DAP; (b) qualitative methods would support the DAP and provide complementary, contextual information; and (c) participatory methods would be important for providing varied perspectives and engaging youth in the research process. Results revealed a moderately high level of assets, with strengths in constructive use of time and commitment to school. External assets were higher than internal assets; however, different assets were emphasized across different methods. Overall, results supported the DAP framework. The participatory approaches effectively engaged youth and illuminated the culture and context of their development.

scholarly journals Mastalgia: Prevalence at a Sub-Saharan African Tertiary Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
T. Makumbi ◽  
M. Galukande ◽  
A. Gakwaya
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Western World ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Breast Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cyclical Mastalgia

Introduction. Mastalgia is a common breast condition among women referred to breast clinics worldwide. Whereas the prevalence is known in the Western world and Asia, the prevalence of the disease is unknown in many African countries. The aim of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and describe factors associated with mastalgia among women attending a tertiary hospital in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. A cross-sectional study was done in Kampala, Uganda. Mastalgia was defined as self-reported breast pain (unilateral or bilateral) for a period not less than two months. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 11. Ethical approval was obtained. Results. Out of the 1048 women who presented to the breast clinic during the study period, 168 (16%) were diagnosed with mastalgia in the absence of breast cancer. Noncyclical and cyclical mastalgia were 22/168 (13%) and 5/168 (3%), respectively. The onset of noncyclical category as compared to the cyclical type of mastalgia was observed to manifest before 24 years of age (P=0.006). Conclusion. Mastalgia was a common condition among women in this sub-Saharan African setting as is elsewhere. The early onset mastalgia in this sub-Saharan African study requires further exploration for determination of its risk factors.

scholarly journals Occurrence of haemoparasites in cattle in Monduli district, northern Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isihaka J. Haji ◽  
Imna Malele ◽  
Boniface Namangala
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Monduli District ◽  
Sub Saharan

Haemoparasite infections are among the most economically important cattle diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study investigated the occurrence of haemoparasites in 295 indigenous cattle from five villages (Mswakini, Lake Manyara, Naitolia, Makuyuni and Nanja) of the Monduli district, a wildlife-domestic animal-human interface area in northern Tanzania. The data showed that the overall occurrence of haemoparasites in the sampled cattle was 12.5% (95% CI: 8.7% – 16.3%), involving single and mixed infections with Theileria parva, Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei. The highest haemoparasite occurrence was recorded in Lake Manyara (18.3%; 95% CI: 8.5% – 28.1%), and the lowest was recorded in Nanja (6.5%; 95% CI: 0.4% – 12.6%). This preliminary study, furthermore, provided evidence of the possible arthropod vectors (ticks and tsetse flies) that may be involved in the transmission of haemoparasites to cattle in the Monduli district. It is envisaged that this survey will stimulate more studies to determine the prevalence of haemoparasites in livestock by using more sensitive molecular techniques.

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