scholarly journals Bench-Scale Flushing Experiments for Remediation of Hg-Contaminated Groundwater

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sung-Wook Jeen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Aquifer Material ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Perched Aquifer ◽  
In The Beginning

Bench-scale laboratory column experiments were conducted to determine the desorption characteristics of Hg in the aquifer material from an area of known elevated Hg concentrations in groundwater under flushing conditions. The experimental results showed that columns packed with perched aquifer material (PA) showed flushing of Hg, with the general decline of effluent Hg concentrations over time (from 0.05–0.1 mg/L in the beginning to 0.0001–0.003 mg/L at the end of the experiment). Columns with lower aquifer material (LA) showed nondetectable level of effluent Hg throughout the experiment. Possibility of redissolution/desorption of Hg after static condition (for the duration of 18 days) was tested, showing only slight rebound of Hg concentrations after equilibration. The results suggest that removal of up to 20% of Hg inventory in the sediment could be achievable for the duration of the experiments (about 10 pore volumes). The results also indicate that the treated water from the water treatment plant was more effective compared to deionized water, probably due to complexing agents contained in the treated water.

The sharon process: an innovative method for nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich waste water

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hellinga ◽  
A. A. J. C. Schellen ◽  
J. W. Mulder ◽  
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
J. J. Heijnen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Sharon Process

A new biological process for ammonia removal from flows containing hundreds to thousands milligrams NH+4 per litre has been developed at the Delft University of Technology. The SHARON process operates at a high temperature (30–40 °C) and pH (7–8). The process is performed without sludge retention. This enables the prevention of nitrite oxidation, leading to lower operational costs. Denitrification is used to control the pH. A full scale plant was designed (1500 m3) based on kinetic and stoichiometric parameters determined at 1.5 1. scale and model predictions. Total costs are estimated at about $1.7 per kg removed NH4+-N. The first full scale SHARON plant will be operational at the Dokhaven waste water treatment plant in Rotterdam in the beginning of 1998. This contribution focuses on the principles of the process and evaluates conditions for which application seems feasible.

scholarly journals Fate and fractionation of aluminum in a full-scale Al-based drinking water treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-477
Author(s):  
Hongyuan Liu ◽  
Haoran Liu ◽  
Yawei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Aluminum Concentration ◽  
Average Water Temperature ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Residual Aluminum ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Particle Counts

Abstract Residual aluminum in drinking water is widely concerning due to its potentially harmful effect on human health and drinking water distribution systems. The fate and fractionation of aluminum and the factors influencing residual aluminum in a full-scale Al-based drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) was presented in Jiaxing, China. The results showed that treated water residual aluminum concentration was less than 0.1 mg/L regardless of the seasonal change of raw water aluminum concentration. The addition of secondary flocculation had a negligible influence on treated water residual aluminum concentration due to the efficient removal of particulate aluminum by sand filter. Residual aluminum concentration of treated water was lower (mean 0.037 mg/L) in summer (average water temperature was 29 °C) than that (mean 0.067 mg/L) in winter (average water temperature was 16 °C). Significant positive relationships between particulate aluminum concentration and particle counts, as well as the total aluminum concentration of treated water and turbidity, were found. Those relationships provided the possibility to estimate residual aluminum concentration by monitoring particle counts and turbidity.

Specific Fluorescent Fingerprint of Organic Matter in Advanced Water Treatment and its Molecular Weight

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Cao ◽  
Shao Wei Liao ◽  
Chung Yi Chung ◽  
Hwa Sheng Gau ◽  
Chun Yen Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Treated Water

In this research, the UV absorbance values of wavelength at 210 and 254 nm, excitation emission fluorescent matrix were measured for source water and treated water in CCL (Cheng Ching Lake) water treatment plant during five months. The whole data produced from EEFM was analyzed by PARAFAC operated in MATLAB software. The variation of molecular weight for organic matter was measured by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) with UV and fluorescent detectors. Observed from the variation of UV210/UV254, high value in treated water compared with source water was found. More molecular weight less than 5 k Da was formed in the treated water with relative to source water. Also, both major components in source water were located at wavelengths of excitation/emission of 250/410 nm and 230/330 nm and those in treated water were 240/410 nm and 220/290 nm. Also, the fluorescent intensity, long excitation wavelength was higher than short excitation wavelength in source water. This phenomena was opposite with treated water.

scholarly journals Conventional Water Treatment of Domestic Groundwater Supplies

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-365
Author(s):  
Hussein Hamid Emran Al-Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Sulfate Removal

The important of ground water is increasing in the future as a source of fresh waters; in addition, many countries contain a number of water treatment plants to treat surface water. Using conventional treatment plant in the cities to treat ground water will decrease the cost of ground water treatment and may be help to depend on both surface and ground water supplies. This paper studied the ability of treating ground water by conventional water treatment. The quality of the ground water source is studied in the mention area during study period. The chemical quality of ground water is tested and there is within the standards of drinking water except iron.  The conventional treatment was enhancing quality of treated water by increment of dissolved oxygen concentrations toward optimum value. Water treatment plant was effective for removal of iron from ground water of about 50%, in addition there is an effect of conventional treatment on sulfate removal (sulfate may be increase above standards in some ground water sources). The statistical analysis of data shows there is a correlation between quality parameters of raw and treated water and between iron and sulfate of treated water in the correlation matrix. In addition, confidence test was applied on the correlation coefficients using fisher's transformation .The analysis shows, that there is a positive period (0.244, 0.941) of confidence of 95% of correlation factors of iron and sulfate.

Bench-Scale Evaluation of Adsorptive Processes for Taste and Odors Control Using Rapid Small-Scale Column Tests and Flavor Profile Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Crozes ◽  
J. Hagstrom ◽  
I. H. Suffet ◽  
C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
The City

The City of Appleton, Wisconsin operates an 800 l/s Drinking Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Lake Winnebago serves as the source water which experiences algae blooms that are typically accompanied by severe taste and odor (T&O) episodes. Historically, raw water quality in the summer months prevents the full capacity from being achieved despite the use of potassium permanganate, powdered activated carbon (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) filters. Thus, the City proceeded with a study of various treatment processes to mitigate the T&O problems experienced during the summer months. The relatively short duration of T&O episodes and extensive experimental plan necessitated a bench-scale testing for rapid evaluation of various oxidation and adsorptive processes. This paper presents a review of the effect of carbon type, dosage, contact time, and application point on the performance of PAC in controlling odors. In addition, the effect of GAC type and empty bed contact time (EBCT) on removal of T&O compounds were evaluated using a rapid small scale column test (RSSCT).

scholarly journals Reduction of trihalomethane formation and detoxification of microcystins in tap water by ozonation

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orapin Thapsingkaew ◽  
Vilailuck Kijjanapanich ◽  
Werawan Ruangyuttikarn
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
The Mean

The efficiency of ozonation in comparison to chlorination for removal of microcystins and production of trihalomethanes (THMs) in water was investigated. One hundred and ninety water samples of ozone and chlorine treated water were collected at a water treatment plant between August 2004 and March 2005. The level of THMs, total organic carbon and residual chlorine were determined. Protein phosphatase 2A inhibition assay was used to detect microcystins and the presence of microcystins was confirmed by HPLC. The results show that 91.5% of the THM species in treated water was chloroform and 8.5% was bromodichloromethane. The mean THM level± standard error of mean in chlorinated water (CW) (45.1±3.0 μg/L) was higher than the mean of THM level in ozonated water (OW) (18.6±2.2 μg/L). In addition, no OW sample exceeded the first stage U.S. EPA maximum THM contaminant level for drinking water (80 μg/L) and only 8% of these samples exceeded the second stage level (40 μg/L). On the other hand, 3% of CW samples exceeded 80 μg/L and 68% exceeded the 40 μg/L level. The microcystin level in all water samples was below the WHO guideline value (1 μg/L) for drinking water.

Use of chitosan in coagulation flocculation of raw water of Keddara and Beni Amrane dams

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassiba Zemmouri ◽  
Slimane Kadouche ◽  
Hakim Lounici ◽  
Madjid Hadioui ◽  
Nabil Mameri
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Different Doses

The effectiveness of chitosan as a coagulant flocculant in surface water treatment has been studied. Tests were carried out in laboratory on treated and raw water. The treated water was mixed with high and low concentrations of bentonite to simulate turbid water. This treated water provides from water treatment plant of Algiers (Boudouaou site) which is supplied by both dams of Keddara and Beni Amrane. The raw water comes directly from these two dams. Chitosan with 85% degree of deacetylation and derived from crab chitin has been used. The performance of coagulation flocculation process has been assessed by measuring the supernatant turbidity for different doses of chitosan, initial turbidity, water quality and pH. The obtained results show that chitosan can be used in a large pH range. Chitosan is effective for coagulation of bentonite suspension and for raw water with high initial turbidity. Otherwise, chitosan is inefficient for raw water with very low initial turbidity. In this case, the use of chitosan as aid coagulant with aluminium sulfate (main coagulant) allows more effectiveness in removing turbidity.

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