scholarly journals Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaresh Jaiswal ◽  
Victor Roy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Relativistic Hydrodynamics ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Intense Magnetic Field ◽  
Recent Developments

Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Essential ingredients of the model such as the hydrodynamic evolution equations, dissipation, initial conditions, equation of state, and freeze-out process are reviewed. We discuss observable quantities such as particle spectra and anisotropic flow and effect of viscosity on these observables. Recent developments such as event-by-event fluctuations, flow in small systems (proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions), flow in ultracentral collisions, longitudinal fluctuations, and correlations and flow in intense magnetic field are also discussed.

scholarly journals Viscous Hydrodynamic Model for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Viscous Hydrodynamic ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hydrodynamical Modeling

Viscous hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions has been highly successful in explaining bulk of the experimental data in RHIC and LHC energy collisions. We briefly review viscous hydrodynamics modeling of high energy nuclear collisions. Basic ingredients of the modeling, the hydrodynamic equations, relaxation equations for dissipative forces, are discussed. Hydrodynamical modeling being a boundary value problem, we discuss the initial conditions, freeze-out process. We also show representative simulation results in comparison with experimental data. We also discuss the recent developments in event-by-event hydrodynamics.

scholarly journals The global geometrical property of jet events in high-energy nuclear collisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Yong Chen ◽  
Wei Dai ◽  
Shan-Liang Zhang ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Ben-Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Jet Quenching ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Parton Energy Loss ◽  
Boltzmann Transport ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Medium Modifications

AbstractWe present the first theoretical study of medium modifications of the global geometrical pattern, i.e., transverse sphericity ($$S_{\perp }$$ S ⊥ ) distribution of jet events with parton energy loss in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In our investigation, POWHEG + PYTHIA is employed to make an accurate description of transverse sphericity in the p + p baseline, which combines the next-to-leading order (NLO) pQCD calculations with the matched parton shower (PS). The Linear Boltzmann Transport (LBT) model of the parton energy loss is implemented to simulate the in-medium evolution of jets. We calculate the event normalized transverse sphericity distribution in central Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC, and give its medium modifications. An enhancement of transverse sphericity distribution at small $$S_{\perp }$$ S ⊥ region but a suppression at large $$S_{\perp }$$ S ⊥ region are observed in A + A collisions as compared to their p + p references, which indicates that in overall the geometry of jet events in Pb + Pb becomes more pencil-like. We demonstrate that for events with 2 jets in the final-state of heavy-ion collisions, the jet quenching makes the geometry more sphere-like with medium-induced gluon radiation. However, for events with $$\ge 3$$ ≥ 3 jets, parton energy loss in the QCD medium leads to the events more pencil-like due to jet number reduction, where less energetic jets may lose their energies and then fall off the jet selection kinematic cut. These two effects offset each other and in the end result in more jetty events in heavy-ion collisions relative to that in p + p.

scholarly journals Aspects of Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Wolschin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Charged Hadron ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Ion Collisions

The rapid thermalization of quarks and gluons in the initial stages of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is treated using analytic solutions of a nonlinear diffusion equation with schematic initial conditions, and for gluons with boundary conditions at the singularity. On a similarly short time scale of t ≤ 1 fm/c, the stopping of baryons is accounted for through a QCD-inspired approach based on the parton distribution functions of valence quarks, and gluons. Charged-hadron production is considered phenomenologically using a linear relativistic diffusion model with two fragmentation sources, and a central gluonic source that rises with ln 3 ( s N N ) . The limiting-fragmentation conjecture that agrees with data at energies reached at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) is found to be consistent with Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data for Pb-Pb at s N N = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV. Quarkonia are used as hard probes for the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through a comparison of theoretical predictions with recent CMS, ALICE and LHCb data for Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF ANTICENTAURO EVENTS IN ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 2381-2387
Author(s):  
G. SOOD
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Neutral Pion ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Chebyshev Expansion ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Expansion Coefficients

We propose a novel method for studying the production of anticentauro events in high energy heavy ion collisions utilizing Chebyshev expansion coefficients. These coefficients have proved to be very efficient in investigating the pattern of fluctuations in neutral pion fraction. For the anticentauro like events, the magnitude of first few coefficients is strongly enhanced (≈ 3 times) as compared to those of normal HIJING events. Various characteristics of Chebyshev coefficients are studied in detail and the probability of formation of exotic events is calculated from the simulated events.

scholarly journals Centrality, transverse momentum and collision energy dependence of the Tsallis parameters in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Nath Patra ◽  
Bedangadas Mohanty ◽  
Tapan K. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Collision Energy ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Central Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Tsallis Distribution

AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of matter created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions have been studied in the framework of the non-extensive Tsallis statistics. The transverse momentum ($$p_\mathrm{T}$$ p T ) spectra of identified charged particles (pions, kaons, protons) and all charged particles from the available experimental data of Au-Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energies and Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies are fitted by the Tsallis distribution. The fit parameters, q and T, measure the degree of deviation from an equilibrium state and the effective temperature of the thermalized system, respectively. The $$p_\mathrm{T}$$ p T  spectra are well described by the Tsallis distribution function from peripheral to central collisions for the wide range of collision energies, from $$\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$$ s NN = 7.7 GeV to 5.02 TeV. The extracted Tsallis parameters are found to be dependent on the particle species, collision energy, centrality, and fitting ranges in $$p_\mathrm{T}$$ p T . For central collisions, both q and T depend strongly on the fit ranges in $$p_\mathrm{T}$$ p T . For most of the collision energies, q remains almost constant as a function of centrality, whereas T increases from peripheral to central collisions. For a given centrality, q systematically increases as a function of collision energy, whereas T has a decreasing trend. A profile plot of q and T with respect to collision energy and centrality shows an anti-correlation between the two parameters.

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