scholarly journals Evaluation of a Scalable Information Analytics System for Enhanced Situational Awareness in Mass Casualty Events

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aura Ganz ◽  
James M. Schafer ◽  
Zhuorui Yang ◽  
Jun Yi ◽  
Graydon Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Time Reduction ◽  
Triage Time

We investigate the utility of DIORAMA-II system which provides enhanced situational awareness within a disaster scene by using real-time visual analytics tools and a collaboration platform between the incident commander and the emergency responders. Our trials were conducted in different geographical areas (feature-rich and featureless regions) and in different lighting conditions (daytime and nighttime). DIORAMA-II obtained considerable time gain in efficiency compared to conventional paper based systems. DIORAMA-II time gain was reflected in reduction of both average triage time per patient (up to 34.3% average triage time reduction per patient) and average transport time per patient (up to 76.3% average transport time reduction per red patient and up to 66.3% average transport time reduction per yellow patient). In addition, DIORAMA-II ensured that no patients were left behind or transported in the incorrect order compared to the conventional method which resulted in patients being left behind and transported in the incorrect order.

scholarly journals MP01: Use of an unmanned aerial vehicle to provide situational awareness in a simulated mass casualty incident

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S40-S40
Author(s):  
A. K. Sibley ◽  
T. Jain ◽  
B. Nicholson ◽  
M. Butler ◽  
S. David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Mass Casualty Incident ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Scene Management ◽  
Patient Localization

Introduction: Situational awareness (SA) is essential for maintenance of scene safety and effective resource allocation in mass casualty incidents (MCI). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can potentially enhance SA with real-time visual feedback during chaotic and evolving or inaccessible events. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of paramedics to use UAV video from a simulated MCI to identify scene hazards, initiate patient triage, and designate key operational locations. Methods: A simulated MCI, including fifteen patients of varying acuity (blast type injuries), plus four hazards, was created on a college campus. The scene was surveyed by UAV capturing video of all patients, hazards, surrounding buildings and streets. Attendees of a provincial paramedic meeting were invited to participate. Participants received a lecture on SALT Triage and the principles of MCI scene management. Next, they watched the UAV video footage. Participants were directed to sort patients according to SALT Triage step one, identify injuries, and localize the patients within the campus. Additionally, they were asked to select a start point for SALT Triage step two, identify and locate hazards, and designate locations for an Incident Command Post, Treatment Area, Transport Area and Access/Egress routes. Summary statistics were performed and a linear regression model was used to assess relationships between demographic variables and both patient triage and localization. Results: Ninety-six individuals participated. Mean age was 35 years (SD 11), 46% (44) were female, and 49% (47) were Primary Care Paramedics. Most participants (80 (84%)) correctly sorted at least 12 of 15 patients. Increased age was associated with decreased triage accuracy [-0.04(-0.07,-0.01);p=0.031]. Fifty-two (54%) were able to localize 12 or more of the 15 patients to a 27x 20m grid area. Advanced paramedic certification, and local residency were associated with improved patient localization [2.47(0.23,4.72);p=0.031], [-3.36(-5.61,-1.1);p=0.004]. The majority of participants (78 (81%)) chose an acceptable location to start SALT triage step two and 84% (80) identified at least three of four hazards. Approximately half (53 (55%)) of participants designated four or more of five key operational areas in appropriate locations. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of UAV technology to remotely provide emergency responders with SA in a MCI. Additional research is required to further investigate optimal strategies to deploy UAVs in this context.

Identification of the Incapacitated Patient in Mass Casualty Events: An Exploration of Challenges, Solutions, and Barriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Osborn ◽  
Lucy Easthope
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Incapacitated Patients ◽  
Mistaken Identification

AbstractIncreasing scrutiny of the role and actions of emergency responders in the aftermath of mass casualty events has led to improvements and advances in terms of treatment and care. However, despite these improvements, the authors have identified a growing concern relating to the identification of incapacitated patients and those unable to provide any identifying details, such as pediatric patients. The use of visual identification and the reliance on personal effects within the vicinity of a victim, either living or deceased, has resulted in mistaken identification in a number of major international incidents. The purpose of this article is to consider whether commonly used scientific methods for identification of the deceased could and should be broadened to include victims who are incapacitated and unable to confirm their own identity. The medicolegal questions that may arise when applying identification methods established for deceased patients to the living casualty will also be examined. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:338–344)

Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Mass Casualty Events

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Kutz ◽  
Rachel Dekel ◽  
Shaul Schreiber ◽  
Victor Resnick ◽  
Ornah T. Dolberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events

COVID-19: lessons learnt and priorities in trauma and orthopaedic surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Madanipour ◽  
F Iranpour ◽  
T Goetz ◽  
S Khan
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Trauma Networks ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Orthopaedic Community

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most serious health crisis of our time. Global public measures have been enacted to try to prevent healthcare systems from being overwhelmed. The trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) community has overcome challenges in order to continue to deliver acute trauma care to patients and plan for challenges ahead. This review explores the lessons learnt, the priorities and the controversies that the T&O community has faced during the crisis. Historically, the experience of major incidents in T&O has focused on mass casualty events. The current pandemic requires a different approach to resource management in order to create a long-term, system-sustaining model of care alongside a move towards resource balancing and facilitation. Significant limitations in theatre access, anaesthetists and bed capacity have necessitated adaptation. Strategic changes to trauma networks and risk mitigation allowed for ongoing surgical treatment of trauma. Outpatient care was reformed with the uptake of technology. The return to elective surgery requires careful planning, restructuring of elective pathways and risk management. Despite the hope that mass vaccination will lift the pressure on bed capacity and on bleak economic forecasts, the orthopaedic community must readjust its focus to meet the challenge of huge backlogs in elective caseloads before looking to the future with a robust strategy of integrated resilient pathways. The pandemic will provide the impetus for research that defines essential interventions and facilitates the implementation of strategies to overcome current barriers and to prepare for future crises.

Towards a Data Calibrated, Simulation-Based Campus Energy Analysis Environment for Situational Awareness and Future Energy System Planning

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Duncan ◽  
Michael Balchanos ◽  
Woongje Sung ◽  
Juhyun Kim ◽  
Yongchang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Campus Energy ◽  
Analysis Environment

Researchers at Georgia Tech (GT) have recently begun the GT Smart Energy Campus initiative, which combines campus energy metering data with physics-based modeling and simulation to create an integrated analysis environment for campus energy. The environment consists of a digital representation of campus, which supports situational awareness, as well as a virtual test bed for analyzing emerging energy technologies and future scenarios. The first year of the initiative has focused on evaluating campus energy metering data using visual analytics and statistical analysis techniques. Data analysis is presented as having value for two main uses: (1) as attention-directing information to help system operators diagnose anomalies and (2) as a precursor to modeling and simulation (M&S) in future phases of the Smart Energy Campus initiative. The environment is explained using the initial study scoping of the campus thermal energy generation and distribution systems. Furthermore, a modeling and simulation approach leveraging the Modelica M&S language is described, and preliminary results in using it to represent the campus chilled water system are presented.

Preventing Pediatric Mass Casualty Events

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events

Improving Power Distribution System Situational Awareness Using Visual Analytics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tumininu Lawanson ◽  
Roozbeh Karandeh ◽  
Valentina Cecchi ◽  
Zachary Wartell ◽  
Isaac Cho
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Power Distribution System

Altered Standards of Care During an Influenza Pandemic: Identifying Ethical, Legal, and Practical Principles to Guide Decision Making

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. S132-S140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Levin ◽  
Rebecca Orfaly Cadigan ◽  
Paul D. Biddinger ◽  
Suzanne Condon ◽  
Howard K. Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
State Level ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Public Health Officials

ABSTRACTAlthough widespread support favors prospective planning for altered standards of care during mass casualty events, the literature includes few, if any, accounts of groups that have formally addressed the overarching policy considerations at the state level. We describe the planning process undertaken by public health officials in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, along with community and academic partners, to explore the issues surrounding altered standards of care in the event of pandemic influenza. Throughout 2006, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the Harvard School of Public Health Center for Public Health Preparedness jointly convened a working group comprising ethicists, lawyers, clinicians, and local and state public health officials to consider issues such as allocation of antiviral medications, prioritization of critical care, and state seizure of private assets. Community stakeholders were also engaged in the process through facilitated discussion of case scenarios focused on these and other issues. The objective of this initiative was to establish a framework and some fundamental principles that would subsequently guide the process of establishing specific altered standards of care protocols. The group collectively identified 4 goals and 7 principles to guide the equitable allocation of limited resources and establishment of altered standards of care protocols. Reviewing and analyzing this process to date may serve as a resource for other states. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S132–S140)

scholarly journals When Direct Pressure Is Not Enough: An Educational Technique for Teaching Wound Packing in Athletic Training Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286
Author(s):  
Ashley B. Thrasher ◽  
Edward J. Strapp
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Laboratory Activity ◽  
Civilian Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Direct Pressure ◽  
Educational Technique

Context Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a major cause of preventable death. Wound care and managing external hemorrhage are important skills for athletic trainers. Objective Describe a laboratory activity used to allow students to practice managing uncontrolled external hemorrhage and wound packing. Background The prevalence of active shooter and other mass casualty events has grown, and a trend to move military-based emergency skills into civilian casualty care has emerged. Athletic trainers are uniquely positioned to respond to catastrophic events at the time of injury. Controlling hemorrhage and rapidly applying a tourniquet or administering wound packing have a great effect in preventing death due to severe hemorrhage. Description An educational technique using a pork shoulder was implemented to provide students with experience in wound packing. Clinical Advantage(s) Students describe this activity as a beneficial way to gain experience on an important skill not often seen in the clinical education setting. Conclusion(s) Faculty may consider implementing wound packing using a pork shoulder as a laboratory activity when teaching wound care and external hemorrhage management.

First Responder Psychological Recovery Following a Mass Casualty Event

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Sara Garrido ◽  
John Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Impact

Mass Casualty Events (MCE) have an extraordinary impact on an entire community. The impact on victims' families, survivors, and community members is often the subject of significant attention; however, rarely does the impact on first responders (law enforcement officers, firefighters, dispatchers, crime scene investigators/photographers, etc.) garner the same coverage. Additionally, agencies can quickly become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the response causing them to overlook the psychological impact of these incidents on their personnel. Serving as specialists in police and public safety psychology, crisis intervention, and trauma recovery, the authors reflect on lessons learned from their response to multiple MCEs, including the 1999 Columbine High School shooting and the 2012 Aurora Century 16 Theater shooting, and offer recommendations to agencies regarding crisis response and trauma recovery.

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