scholarly journals Micro-CT Imaging of RGD-Conjugated Gold Nanorods Targeting TumorIn Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochao Qu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Li ◽  
Jingning Liang ◽  
Yanran Wang ◽  
Muhan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Rgd Peptide ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Imaging Capability ◽  
U87 Cells ◽  
Ht 29

Gold nanomaterials as computed tomography (CT) contrast agents at lower X-ray dosage to get a higher contrast have advantages of longer imaging time and lower toxic side effects compared to current contrast agents. As a receptor for Cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys) (RGD) peptide, integrinαvβ3is overexpressed on some tumor cells and tumor neovasculature. In this paper, we conjugated the RGD peptide on the surface of gold nanorods (AuNRs), designated as RGD-AuNRs, a promising candidate in applications such as tumor targeting and imaging capability for micro-CT imaging. Integrinαvβ3-positive U87 cells and integrinαvβ3-negative HT-29 cells were chosen to establish animal models relatedly and then texted the tumor targeting ability and imaging capability of RGD-AuNRsin vitroandin vivo. The MTT assay and stability measurement showed that RGD-conjugation eliminated their cytotoxicity and improved their biocompatibility and stability. Dark-field imaging of U87 cells and HT-29 cells testified the binding affinities and uptake abilities of RGD-AuNRs, and the results showed that RGD-AuNRs were more specifical to U87 cells. The enhanced micro-CT imaging contrast of intramuscular and subcutaneous injection illustrated the feasibility of RGD-AuNRs to be contrast agents. Furthermore, the micro-CT imaging of targeting U87 and HT-29 tumor models verified the targeting abilities of RGD-AuNRs.

Polymeric/Inorganic Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Drug Delivery and Visualization

2010 ◽  
Vol 1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fornara ◽  
Alberto Recalenda ◽  
Jian Qin ◽  
Abhilash Sugunan ◽  
Fei Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Multifunctional Nanoparticles ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies

AbstractNanoparticles consisting of different biocompatible materials are attracting a lot of interest in the biomedical area as useful tools for drug delivery, photo-therapy and contrast enhancement agents in MRI, fluorescence and confocal microscopy. This work mainly focuses on the synthesis of polymeric/inorganic multifunctional nanoparticles (PIMN) based on biocompatible di-block copolymer poly(L,L-lactide-co-ethylene glycol) (PLLA-PEG) via an emulsion-evaporation method. Besides containing a hydrophobic drug (Indomethacin), these polymeric nanoparticles incorporate different visualization agents such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) and fluorescent Quantum Dots (QDs) that are used as contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and fluorescence microscopy together. Gold Nanorods are also incorporated in such nanostructures to allow simultaneous visualization and photodynamic therapy. MRI studies are performed with different loading of SPION into PIMN, showing an enhancement in T2 contrast superior to commercial contrast agents. Core-shell QDs absorption and emission spectra are recorded before and after their loading into PIMN. With these polymeric/inorganic multifunctional nanoparticles, both MRI visualization and confocal fluorescence microscopy studies can be performed. Gold nanorods are also synthesized and incorporated into PIMN without changing their longitudinal absorption peak usable for lased excitation and phototherapy. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies have also been performed to confirm the low cytotoxicity of PIMN for further in-vivo studies.

scholarly journals In-vitro analysis of maxillary first molars morphology using three dimensional Micro-CT imaging: considerations for restorative dentistry

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Hakki Baltacioglu ◽  
◽  
Gulbike Demirel ◽  
Mehmet Eray Kolsuz ◽  
Kaan Orhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Restorative Dentistry ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

scholarly journals PEG-modified gadolinium nanoparticles as contrast agents for in vivo micro-CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmainne Cruje ◽  
P. Joy Dunmore-Buyze ◽  
Eric Grolman ◽  
David W. Holdsworth ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Poly Ethylene

AbstractVascular research is largely performed in rodents with the goal of developing treatments for human disease. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides non-destructive three-dimensional imaging that can be used to study the vasculature of rodents. However, to distinguish vasculature from other soft tissues, long-circulating contrast agents are required. In this study, we demonstrated that poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated gadolinium nanoparticles can be used as a vascular contrast agent in micro-CT. The coated particles could be lyophilized and then redispersed in an aqueous solution to achieve 100 mg/mL of gadolinium. After an intravenous injection of the contrast agent into mice, micro-CT scans showed blood pool contrast enhancements of at least 200 HU for 30 min. Imaging and quantitative analysis of gadolinium in tissues showed the presence of contrast agent in clearance organs including the liver and spleen and very low amounts in other organs. In vitro cell culture experiments, subcutaneous injections, and analysis of mouse body weight suggested that the agents exhibited low toxicity. Histological analysis of tissues 5 days after injection of the contrast agent showed cytotoxicity in the spleen, but no abnormalities were observed in the liver, lungs, kidneys, and bladder.

scholarly journals Preparation and purification of novel phosphatidyl prodrug and performance modulation of phosphatidyl nanoprodrug

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Niu ◽  
PeiLei Zhang ◽  
Feng-Qing Wang ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
QingHai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Rgd Peptide ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Targeting Efficiency ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Arginine Glycine Aspartic Acid

Abstract Background A novel phosphatidyl nanoprodrug system can be selectively released parent drugs in cancer cells, triggered by the local overexpression of phospholipase D (PLD). This system significantly reduces the intrinsic disadvantages of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the separation and purification processes of phosphatidyl prodrug, the precursor of phosphatidyl nanoprodrug, have not been established, and the preparation of nanocrystals with good stability and tumor-targeting capability is still challenging. Results In this study, we established a successive elution procedure for the phosphatidyl prodrug—phosphatidyl mitoxantrone (PMA), using an initial ten-bed volume of chloroform/methanol/glacial acetic acid/water (26/10/0.8/0.7) (v/v/v/v) followed by a five-bed volume (26/10/0.8/3), with which purity rates of 96.93% and overall yields of 50.35% of PMA were obtained. Moreover, to reduce the intrinsic disadvantages of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, phosphatidyl nanoprodrug—PMA nanoprodrug (NP@PMA)—was prepared. To enhance their stability, nanoparticles were modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG). We found that nanoprodrugs modified by PEG (NP@PEG–PMA) were stably present in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS, compared with unmodified nanoprodrug (NP@PMA). To enhance active tumor-targeting efficiency, we modified nanoparticles with an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide (NP@RGD–PEG–PMA). In vitro cytotoxicity assays showed that, compared with the cytotoxicity of NP@PEG–PMA against tumor cells, that of NP@RGD–PEG–PMA was enhanced. Thus, RGD modification may serve to enhance the active tumor-targeting efficiency of a nanoprodrug, thereby increasing its cytotoxicity. Conclusions A process for the preparation and purification of novel phosphatidyl prodrugs was successfully established, and the nanoprodrug was modified using PEG for enhanced nanoparticle stability, and using RGD peptide for enhanced active tumor-targeting efficiency. These procedures offer considerable potential in the development of functional antitumor prodrugs.

Abstract MP207: A Precision Medicine Approach For Non-invasive, Longitudinal, And Quantitative Monitoring Of Cardiac Tissue-engineered Scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gil ◽  
Connor Evans ◽  
Lan Li ◽  
Merlyn Vargas ◽  
Gabriella Kabboul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Functional Features

3D bioprinting has revolutionized personalized and precision medicine by enabling the manufacturing of tissue constructs that precisely recapitulate the cellular and functional features of native tissues. In cardiac regenerative medicine, printed scaffolds have shown tremendous potential in repairing damaged heart, however, their clinical applications have been limited by the lack of precise noninvasive tools to monitor the patch function following implantation. By integrating state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting and photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT), this study introduces a new approach for bioengineering defect-specific scaffolds and monitoring their function. We prepared distinct CT-visible bioinks containing a variety of molecular or nanoparticle (NP) contrast agents, including iodine and gadolinium molecules, Au NPs, Gd 2 O 3 NPs, and iodine-loaded liposomes ( Fig 1A-B ). In vitro release experiments showed relatively rapid diffusion-controlled depletion of molecular contrast agents from scaffolds. In contrast, NP agents showed more stable encapsulation and only a partial, degradation-mediated release for up to 3 weeks of incubation ( Fig 1C-D ). Next, PCCT imaging was performed on various scaffold geometries printed using bioinks laden with Gd 2 O 3 or Au NPs. Results demonstrated CT visibility with differential contrast between different patch regions that corresponded to the designed geometries ( Fig 1E ). Finally, we evaluated the in vivo CT imaging of bioprinted patches after their subcutaneous implantation in a mouse model. CT images demonstrated adequate signal from implanted grafts ( Fig 1F ). Together, these results establish a novel precision medicine platform for non-invasive monitoring of medical devices which can open new prospects for a broad range of tissue engineering applications. Figure 1. 3D Bioprinting of CT-visible cardiac patches. A-B: Design of bioinks functionalized with molecular (left) and nanoparticle (right) CT contrast agents ( A ) and their bioprinting ( B ). C-D: In vitro release of contrast agents from printed patches. E: CAD design (left), CT image (middle), and PCCT material decomposition (right) for multi-contrast bioprinted scaffolds. F: In vivo CT imaging of printed patch, laden with Au NPs, implanted subcutaneously into a mouse torso.

scholarly journals In Vitro Analysis and In Vivo Tumor Targeting of a Humanized, Grafted Nanobody in Mice Using Pinhole SPECT/Micro-CT

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Vaneycken ◽  
J. Govaert ◽  
C. Vincke ◽  
V. Caveliers ◽  
T. Lahoutte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pinhole Spect ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Improved tumor-targeting MRI contrast agents: Gd(DOTA) conjugates of a cycloalkane-based RGD peptide

2014 ◽  
Vol 455 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Ae Park ◽  
Yong Jin Lee ◽  
In Ok Ko ◽  
Tae-Jeong Kim ◽  
Yongmin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Rgd Peptide ◽  
Mri Contrast

scholarly journals Preclinical Evaluation of [99mTc]Tc-Labeled Anti-EpCAM Nanobody for EpCAM Receptor Expression Imaging By Immuno-SPECT/CT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Liu ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Linqing Shi ◽  
Liqiang Li ◽  
Biao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Animal ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Epcam Expression ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metastasis Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ht 29

Abstract Purpose Overexpression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) plays essential roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression in almost all epithelium-derived cancer. Monitoring EpCAM expression in tumors can be used for the diagnosis, staging and prognosis of cancer patients, as well as guiding the individualized treatment of EpCAM-targeted drugs. In this study, we described the synthesis and evaluation of a site-specifically [99mTc]Tc-labeled EpCAM-targeted nanobody for the SPECT/CT imaging of EpCAM expression. Methods We first prepared the [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-G4K, then it was site-specifically connected to EpCAM-targeted nanobody NB4. The in vitro characteristics of [99mTc]Tc-NB4 were investigated in HT-29 (EpCAM-positive) and HL-60 (EpCAM-negative) cells, while the in vivo studies were performed using small-animal SPECT/CT in the subcutaneous tumor models and the lymph node metastasis model to verify the specific targeting capacity as well as the potential applications of [99mTc]Tc-NB4. Results [99mTc]Tc-NB4 displayed a high EpCAM specificity both in vitro and in vivo. SPECT/CT imaging revealed that [99mTc]Tc-NB4 was cleared rapidly from the blood and normal organs except for the kidneys, and HT-29 tumors were clearly visualized in contrast with HL-60 tumors. The uptake value of [99mTc]Tc-NB4 in HT-29 tumors was increased continuously from 3.77 ± 0.39 %ID/g at 0.5 h to 5.53 ± 0.82 %ID/g at 12 h after injection. Moreover, the [99mTc]Tc-NB4 SPECT/CT could clearly image tumor-infiltrating lymph nodes. Conclusion [99mTc]Tc-NB4 is a broad-spectrum, specific and sensitive SPECT radiotracer for the noninvasive imaging of EpCAM expression in the epithelium-derived cancer, and revealed a great potential for the clinical translation.

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