scholarly journals Development and Life History ofSitophilus zeamais(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Cereal Crops

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Adebayo Ojo ◽  
Adebayo Amos Omoloye
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
The Mean

The maize weevil,Sitophilus zeamaisMotschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals. Knowledge of the life history and biology is important to the development of an integrated pest management program. Investigation was carried out on developmental biology ofS. zeamaison four main cereal crops, maize, rice, sorghum, and millet, under laboratory conditions. Egg incubation, oviposition periods, and larval instar development were not different significantly among the food hosts. Number of eggs laid varied significantly among the cereal grains; mean fecundity was highest on maize (67.2±3.16) and lowest on millet (53.8±0.17). Number of immature (larva and pupa) and adult stages varied significantly among the cereal grains. There exist four larval instars with a varied mean head capsule width, with a mean total instar larval developmental period of 23.1, 22.2, 22.2, and 21.6 d on maize, rice, sorghum, and millet, respectively. There was linear relationship and significant correlation between the stages of larval development and head capsule width. The mean developmental period from egg to adult varied, being highest on maize (34.7 d) and lowest on sorghum (33.5 d).

Life history and larval density of Cheumatopsyche digitata Mosely (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Opa Reservoir spillway, Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
SYLVESTER OGBOGU ◽  
WILLIAMS ADU
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Site Density

The life history and density of Cheumatopsyche digitata Mosely (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) were examined below Opa Reservoir in Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria. This caddisfly is the only species that occurs immediately below the impoundment auxiliary spillway where it closely associates with an aquatic bryophyte, Fontinalis sp. We collected larvae every month between July 2004 and June 2005 as long as larvae were available in the study site. The instar growth ratio was fairly constant and ranged from 1.198 to 1.402 (mean ± standard error = 1.285 ± 0.073) but mean head capsule width increased with larval development. The frequency distribution of head capsule width of larvae clustered into 5 size classes, suggesting 5 larval instars for C. digitata in the study site. Density of larvae ranged from 1,100 to 11,150 inds.m-2 (mean ± SE = 6739  inds.m-2 ± 3904.70), the highest densities occurring in October 2004 during the bloom of Fontinalis. The first larval instar appeared in July 2004. Adult emergence occurred mainly in December 2004 through January 2005 at the onset of reservoir draw-down and death of Fontinalis. These patterns indicate that C. digitata tended to show a univoltine life cycle in the study site.

scholarly journals Life History of the Tamarind Weevil, Sitophilus linearis (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on Tamarind Seed

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Adebayo Ojo ◽  
Adebayo Amos Omoloye
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
History Of

The tamarind weevil, Sitophilus linearis Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest of tamarind and other Caesalpinioideae. Investigating its life history is important in the implementation of management strategy. Its life history was monitored daily to understand its developmental biology on tamarind seed following standard procedures under laboratory conditions of 24–30°C temperature, 60–70% relative humidity, and 12L : 12D photoperiod. The egg incubation period lasted 3.17 ± 0.07 days. A mated female of S. linearis laid an average of 165 ± 5.78 eggs during an oviposition period of 86.8 ± 2.47 days. There were four larval instars, with a total larval developmental period of 16 days. The pupal period lasted 8 days, and adult lived 108.5 ± 3.61 days. The overall growth ratio for the four instars was 1.33. There was a regular relationship and significant correlation (r=0.94) between the stages of larval development and head capsule width.

scholarly journals Head Capsule Width is Useful for Determining Larval Instar inHeilipus lauri(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Castañeda-Vildózola ◽  
Héctor González-Hernández ◽  
Armando Equihua-Martínez ◽  
Jorge Valdez-Carrasco ◽  
Jorge E. Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Head Capsule Width

Number of instars and sexual dimorphism of Tetropium fuscum (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae determined by maximum likelihood

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Flaherty ◽  
Jacques Régnière ◽  
Jon Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wood Borer ◽  
Tetropium Fuscum

AbstractTetropium fuscum (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a Palaearctic wood borer that has been established in Atlantic Canada since at least 1990. Neither the number of instars nor methods for determining the instar of field-collected larvae have been documented for this species. Head-capsule width was measured for 949 T. fuscum larvae in order to determine the number of instars in this species, estimate the mean and variance of head-capsule widths associated with each instar, and identify whether head-capsule width is sexually dimorphic. Head-capsule width data were analysed using maximum likelihood analysis of mixture models and the Brooks–Dyar rule. Our results provide strong support for the existence of six larval instars, with sexually dimorphic head-capsule widths in instars five and six. The probability of misclassifying larvae into instar-specific and sex-specific categories ranged from 0.6% to 12.8%, with the highest probabilities occurring when assigning a sex to fifth-instar and sixth-instar larvae.

scholarly journals Notes on the Life Cycle of the Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera; Sphingidae), in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Rafael Inglés Casanova ◽  
Silverio Medina Gaud
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tobacco Hornworm ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Leaf Consumption

The life cycle of the sphingid moth, Manduca sexta (L.), the tobacco hornworm, was investigated in Puerto Rico. Descriptions of the stages, including measurements of the egg (length and width), larva (length and head capsule width), pupa (length), and the duration of each of the stages are given. The estimated leaf consumption by each larval instar, a list of known host plants, and the natural enemies known to occur in Puerto Rico are included.

scholarly journals Determination of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval instars and age based on head capsule width and larval weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Stavridis ◽  
C. G. Ipsilandis ◽  
P. C. Katarachias ◽  
P. G. Milonas ◽  
A. A. Ifoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Larνae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were reared in laboratory conditions (26°C, 16:8 L:D) and measurements of larval head capsule width, and body weight, were used in order to determine the boundaries of larval instars. Larvae of Η. armigera completed development in 5 to 7 instars. Head capsule width could predict the larval instar only for Ll. The upper boundary of head width for L1 was 0.4mm. Body weight could predict both L1 and L2 larval instars. Boundaries between L1-L2 instars were found to be 1 mg and for L2-L3 5,5 mg. Correlation and regression analysis suggest that a combination of head capsule width and body weight can predict both larval instars and chronological age under constant conditions in the laboratory.

LIFE HISTORY AND BIOLOGY OF IPS LATIDENS (LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 859-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Miller ◽  
J.H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Single Male ◽  
South Central ◽  
Harem Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ips Latidens ◽  
Rearing Methods

AbstractThe life history and biology of Ips latidens (LeConte) were investigated using bark-sandwich and whole-log rearing methods. In contrast with other Ips spp., some females initiated galleries under conditions of female-biased sex ratios, and sometimes 2 or more males were present in a gallery. In general, however, I. latidens exhibited typical ipine characteristics. A single male usually admitted 1–3 females into a gallery. Females oviposited at a rate of 2.25 eggs/day and achieved a mean fecundity of 64.4 eggs. The larval stage comprised 80% of the generation time (egg to teneral adult) and analysis of head-capsule widths disclosed 3 larval instars. The mean survivorship within broods was 56.0% after 70 days; the reproductive success of monogamous pairs of beetles was 36.1 teneral adults. Single females constructed 3–4 egg tunnels/gallery system; hence, harem size cannot always be inferred from the number of egg tunnels in each gallery. The mean generation time in the laboratory was 2.07 × greater than for I. pini. By comparing laboratory data on I. latidens with laboratory and field data on I. pini, the generation time of I. latidens is estimated at 64–124 days in the field. In south-central British Columbia, I. latidens probably has 1 generation, and possibly 2 broods, per year.

scholarly journals Bionomics of slender burnished brass (Thysanoplusia orichalcea [Fabricius, 1775], Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gousul NISA ◽  
Abdul A. BUHROO
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Geometrical Progression ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Total Life

<p>A study on biology, morphometrics and geometrical progression of <em>Thysanoplusia orichalcea</em> was conducted on <em>Solanum tuberosum</em>under laboratory conditions. Different stages viz., egg, larva, pupa and adult of <em>T. orichalcea</em> were observed for their duration and morphometric measurements. The pest depicted five larval instars and moultedfour times during the entire period. The average pre oviposition and oviposition period was observed to be 3.80 and 2.80 days respectively.Further, fecundity ranges between 381.0-400.0 with an average of 388.0 eggs. The mean incubation period was found to be 4.2 days. The average larval, pre pupal and pupal period was completed in 23.1, 1.4 and 9.5 days respectively. While mean adult longevity on <em>S. tuberosum</em> was 7.45 days. The total life cycle was completed in 41.0-51.0 days with an average of 45.65 days. Moreover, mean head capsule width of first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instar was found to be 0.33, 0.54, 0.88, 1.46 and 2.24 mm respectivelywith Dyar’s ratio/ growth ratio of 1.63 mm. The expected head capsule width of first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instar wasobserved as 0.33, 0.53, 0.86, 1.40 and 2.28 mm respectively.</p>

Life-history and systematic position of the European Alomya species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Hinz ◽  
John Short
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
European Species ◽  
Host Parasite

AbstractAlomya is a genus of uncertain systematic position. Rearing out of Alomya semiflava Stephens from caterpillars of Hepiallls lupulinus L. is described, and the host-parasite associations of all European species of Alomya are discussed. The final larval instar of A. semiflava is described and on the basis of this the systematic position of Alomya is discussed.

scholarly journals Breaking the rule: Five larval instars in the podonomine midge Trichotanypus alaskensis Brundin from Barrow, Alaska

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec R. Lackmann ◽  
Malcolm G. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
Capsule Size

Except for one unconfirmed case, chironomid larvae have been reported to pass through four larval instars between egg and pupal stages. We have observed a fifth larval instar to be a standard life-cycle feature of the podonomine Trichotanypus alaskensis Brundin 1966 in tundra ponds on the Arctic Coastal Plain near Barrow, Alaska. T. alaskensis has a one-year life cycle in these arctic ponds. Adults emerge in June ~2-3 weeks after pond thaw, then mate and oviposit; most newly-hatched larvae reach instar IV by October when pond sediments freeze. Overwintering larvae complete instar IV within a few days of thaw, then molt again to a fifth larval instar. Imaginal discs, normally seen only during instar IV in Chironomidae, develop across both instars IV & V prior to pupation and adult emergence. While monitoring larval development post-thaw in 2014, we noticed freshly-molted T. alaskensis larval exuviae a week or more prior to any pupation by that species. In 2015-16 we reared overwintering instar IV larvae from single pond sources, individually with daily monitoring, through molts to instar V, pupa, and adult. Some overwintering instar II and III larvae were reared as well, but were few in number. During 2016 we also reared T. alaskensis progeny (from eggs) through instar II, thus documenting head capsule size ranges for all five instars in a single pond’s population. Without individual rearings, the fifth larval instar was not readily apparent for two reasons: 1) The molt itself occurs immediately after thaw and is so synchronous it is difficult to discern in daily field samples. 2) The head capsule size increment between instars IV-V is much lower than the ratio predicted by the Brooks-Dyar Rule. Up through instar IV, the Brooks-Dyar ratio for T. alaskensis ranged 1.30-1.61, but during the IV-V molt head capsule dimensions (sexes pooled) increased by a ratio of 1.09 – comparable to the magnitude of sexual dimorphism in head capsule size within each of the final two larval instars. Individual rearings coupled with 2014-2016 field surveys in nine other ponds suggest that five larval instars is an obligatory trait of this species at this location. As this is the first confirmed case of five larval instars in a chironomid, the phylogenetic uniqueness of this trait needs further investigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document