scholarly journals The Superficial Stromal Scar Formation Mechanism in Keratoconus: A Study Using Laser Scanning In Vivo Confocal Microscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Song ◽  
Shuting Wang ◽  
Peicheng Zhang ◽  
Wenjie Sui ◽  
Yangyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Reflection ◽  
High Immunogenicity ◽  
Keratocyte Density

To investigate the mechanism of superficial stromal scarring in advanced keratoconus using confocal microscopy, the keratocyte density, distribution, micromorphology of corneal stroma, and SNP in three groups were observed. Eight corneal buttons of advanced keratoconus were examined by immunohistochemistry. The keratocyte densities in the sub-Bowman’s stroma, anterior stroma, and posterior stroma and the mean SNP density were significantly different among the three groups. In the mild-to-moderate keratoconus group, activated keratocyte nuclei and comparatively highly reflective ECM were seen in the sub-Bowman’s stroma, while fibrotic structures with comparatively high reflection were visible in the anterior stroma in advanced keratoconus. The alternating dark and light bands in the anterior stroma of the mild-to-moderate keratoconus group showed great variability in width and direction. The wide bands were localized mostly in the posterior stroma that corresponded to the Vogt striae in keratoconus and involved the anterior stroma only in advanced keratoconus. Histopathologically, high immunogenicity ofα-SMA, vimentin, and FAP was expressed in the region of superficial stromal scarring. In vivo confocal microscopy revealed microstructural changes in the keratoconic cone. The activation of superficial keratocytes and abnormal remodeling of ECM may both play a key role in the superficial stromal scar formation in advanced keratoconus.

scholarly journals Lamellar Keratoplasty Combined with Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for the Treatment of Corneal Perforations: A Clinical and In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lan Ke ◽  
Dan Shen ◽  
Haoyu Wang ◽  
Chen Qiao ◽  
Qingyan Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Amniotic Membrane Transplantation ◽  
Corneal Perforation ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical and in vivo confocal microscopy outcome of lamellar keratoplasty combined with amniotic membrane transplantation for the treatment of corneal perforations. Methods. In this retrospective, noncomparative, and interventional case series, 13 eyes of 13 patients with corneal perforation were included. All eyes were treated with lamellar keratoplasty combined with amniotic membrane transplantation for corneal reconstruction. Age, underlying etiology, location, size of corneal ulcer, size of corneal perforation, hospitalization days and follow-up time, and corneal confocal microscopy were investigated. Aqueous leakage, anterior chamber formation, epithelial healing time, and visual acuity (VA) were monitored after operation. Results. The cause of corneal perforation (n = 13) was classified as infectious (n = 1) and noninfectious (n = 12). Most of the locations of corneal perforation were paracentral, and 2 of them were center. The anterior chambers were formed without aqueous leakage and other complications at postoperative day. The mean time of regained a smooth corneal surface was 7.5 ± 2.9 (ranging from 4 to 14) days. The mean hospitalization day was 13.1 ± 4.5 (ranging from 7 to 22) days. The mean follow-up time is 22.5 ± 14.5 (ranging from 4 to 43) months. The AM appeared as a high-reflective reflection in the corneal stroma after surgery about half a year and is almost transparent at about one year. Corneal stroma-derived cells were populated in the AM at about 1 month, increased at 2 months, and almost not obviously at 20 months postoperatively. The size and density of endothelial cells were stable after 1 year near the perforation site. The VA improved to varying degrees in 9 eyes, remained unchanged in 2 eyes, and decreased in 2 eyes. One eye recurrence and no side effects occurred during the follow-up time. Conclusion. Lamellar keratoplasty combined with amniotic membrane transplantation may be an alternative, safe, and effective surgical therapy in the treatment of corneal perforations in the absence of a fresh donor cornea. We recommend this surgery to treat with the size of corneal perforation of <4 mm in diameter no matter peripheral or central corneal perforation, especially who had immune-related diseases.

scholarly journals Cellular morphological changes detected by laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy associated with clinical outcome in fungal keratitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya D. Chidambaram ◽  
Namperumalsamy V. Prajna ◽  
Srikanthi Palepu ◽  
Shruti Lanjewar ◽  
Manisha Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fungal Keratitis ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Factors Influencing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Laser-Scanning In Vivo Confocal Microscopy for Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Cornea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kheirkhah ◽  
Vannarut Satitpitakul ◽  
Zeba A. Syed ◽  
Rodrigo Müller ◽  
Sunali Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Factors Influencing
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