scholarly journals Multimodal Image Analysis in Acquired Vitelliform Lesions and Adult-Onset Foveomacular Vitelliform Dystrophy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rocha Bastos ◽  
Carla Sofia Ferreira ◽  
Elisete Brandão ◽  
Fernando Falcão-Reis ◽  
Ângela M. Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose. To characterize vitelliform lesions (VLs) in adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD) and acquired vitelliform (AVL) patients using multimodal image analysis.Methods. Retrospective study of twenty-eight eyes from nineteen patients diagnosed with AVL or AOFVD. They were evaluated by color fundus photographs, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Results. Bilateral VLs were associated with AOFVD(p=0.013). Regular and centered VLs were associated with AOFVD (p=0.004andp=0.016), whereas irregular and noncentered lesions were more frequent in AVL patients. Visual acuity, greatest linear dimension (GLD), lesion height (LH), and pseudohypopyon were similar between groups. Whereas median LH and GLD in AVL group diminished significantly during follow-up (p=0.009andp=0.001), AOFVD lesions tended to become larger and thicker.Conclusions. When consulting a patient presenting a VL with unknown age of onset, familial history, or previous retinal diseases, some aspects of multimodal imaging assessment may lead the ophthalmologist to a correct diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Fundus Autofluorescence Spectrum of Punctate Inner Choroidopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaoling Li ◽  
Xiongze Zhang ◽  
Feng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Indocyanine Green Angiography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Punctate Inner Choroidopathy ◽  
White Dot Syndrome ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose. To investigate the fundus autofluorescence (FAF) spectrum of punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC).Methods. This is a retrospective observational case series of 27 consecutive patients with PIC admitted from October 2013 to March 2015, who underwent short-wavelength- (SW-) and near-infrared- (NIR-) FAF imaging, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).Results. There were three primary findings on the FAF imaging of patients with PIC. First, active PIC lesions revealed hypoautofluorescent spots with hyperautofluorescent margin. After the lesions regressed, the hyperautoflurescent margin faded. Second, subclinical and most of the atrophic PIC lesions appeared to be hypoautofluorescent spots. But subclinical PIC lesions were more distinctive on NIR-FAF imaging than on SW-FAF imaging. Third, hypoautofluorescent spots of PIC lesions coexisted with hyperautofluorescent patches on SW-FAF imaging. These hyperautofluorescent patches were demonstrated to be multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) or acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) lesions by subsequent multimodal imaging and faded during follow-up examinations.Conclusion. FAF imaging helps in noninvasively tracking the evolution of PIC lesions and identifying the combined MEWDS or AZOOR lesions, complementary to SD-OCT and angiographic studies.

scholarly journals Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy in a Patient Suffering from Epilepsy: Five-Year Follow-Up

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Izabella Karska-Basta ◽  
Bożena Romanowska-Dixon ◽  
Dorota Pojda-Wilczek ◽  
Alina Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Kubicka-Trząska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Visual Field Examination ◽  
Laboratory Findings

We report an unprecedented case of a young patient with epilepsy coexisting with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), a rare white dot syndrome of unknown etiology, associated with damage to the large zones of the outer retina. Recently, it has been established that epileptic episodes contribute to an inflammatory response both in the brain and the retina. A 13-year-old male patient with epilepsy was referred by a neurologist for an ophthalmologic consultation due to a sudden deterioration of visual acuity in the left eye. The examination, with a key role of multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) with visual field assessment, and electroretinography indicated AZOOR as the underlying entity. Findings at the first admission included enlargement of the blind spot in visual field examination along a typical trizonal pattern, which was revealed by FAF, ICGA, and SS-OCT in the left eye. The right eye exhibited no abnormalities. Seminal follow-up revealed no changes in best corrected visual acuity, and multimodal imaging findings remain unaltered. Thus, no medical intervention is required. Our case and recent laboratory findings suggest a causative link between epilepsy and retinal disorders, although this issue requires further research.

Multimodal imaging of optic disc melanocytoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110106
Author(s):  
Cinzia Mazzini ◽  
Giulio Vicini ◽  
Cristina Nicolosi ◽  
Giulia Pieretti ◽  
Stanislao Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Rule Out

Purpose: To describe the findings of four patients (four eyes) with optic disc melanocytoma (ODM), using multimodal imaging. Methods: Retrospective case series. Results: On ocular ultrasonography ODMs appeared as hyperechogenic lesions with moderate-to-high internal reflectivity. On blue-light fundus autofluorescence, ODMs showed total hypoautofluorescence, while, on infrared reflectance images appeared as bright and well-marginated lesions. MultiColor composite images showed reddish-brown lesions with well-defined margins. Swept-source optical coherence tomography revealed elevated lesions covering the optic disc with an irregular hyperreflective surface, dishomogeneous internal structure with hyperreflective dots, and posterior shadowing. In all cases optical coherence tomography angiography detected intratumoral blood vessels which were not detectable with fluorescein angiography. Conclusion: Multimodal imaging in ODM might be useful both at presentation, increasing the diagnostic accuracy, and at follow-up, providing helpful details, that can help to rule out the possibility of malignant transformation and other ocular complications.

scholarly journals Fluorescein Leakage within Recent Subretinal Hemorrhage in Pathologic Myopia: Suggestive of CNV?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Mi ◽  
Chengguo Zuo ◽  
Xiongze Zhang ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Yuting Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Pathologic Myopia ◽  
Subretinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Sd Oct ◽  
Myopic Cnv

Purpose. To determine whether fluorescein leakage within subretinal hemorrhage is definitely suggestive of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) by multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. Twenty-five consecutive highly myopic patients (25 eyes) with fluorescein leakage within subretinal hemorrhage detected within 1 month were prospectively included. All patients underwent OCTA and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The OCTA and SD-OCT findings at the site of fluorescein leakage were analyzed. In cases of a doubtful diagnosis, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) was also performed to differentiate myopic CNV from lacquer crack if necessary; all patients were followed up by SD-OCT and/or OCTA for at least 2 weeks. Results. In terms of the site of fluorescein leakage, OCTA revealed an abnormal vascular network in the outer retina and a choriocapillaris slab in 22 out of 25 eyes (88%), which were confirmed to be CNV. However, no high-flow signal was observed in 3 of 25 eyes (12%). In these 3 cases, SD-OCT showed a focal rupture of the retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch’s membrane-choriocapillaris (RPE-BM-CC) complex and a columnar hyperreflective signal of blood originating from defects with a volcanic geyser-like appearance, and no exudative signs were detected. Notably, all ruptures of the RPE-BM-CC complex were located exactly at lacquer crack sites. Moreover, with the absorption of subretinal hemorrhage, ruptures of the RPE-BM-CC complex spontaneously resolved without any intervention. Considering the multimodal imaging appearance and follow-up outcomes, these 3 eyes were eventually diagnosed as simple bleeding associated with lacquer cracks. Conclusions. Dye leakage within recent subretinal hemorrhage on FA could be caused by new-onset lacquer cracks in pathologic myopia. Multimodal imaging including OCTA is helpful to differentiate lacquer cracks from myopic CNV.

scholarly journals Association of Reticular Pseudodrusen and Early Onset Drusen

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flore De Bats ◽  
Benjamin Wolff ◽  
Martine Mauget-Faÿsse ◽  
Isabelle Meunier ◽  
Philippe Denis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Reticular Pseudodrusen ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Malattia Leventinese ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose. To report an association between reticular pseudodrusen, located above the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and Early Onset Drusen (EOD) as described using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). Methods. Eight patients (16 eyes) with EOD were examined. EOD were classified into three entities called Large Colloid Drusen (LCD), Malattia Leventinese (ML), and Cuticular Drusen (CD). Best-corrected visual acuity, fundus examination, color fundus photographs, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and SD-OCT were performed in all study patients. Results. Four patients had LCD, 2 had ML, and 2 had CD. Reticular pseudodrusen were observed with SD-OCT in all study patients; all these patients had hyperreflective lesions above and below the RPE. Conclusion. Early Onset Drusen appear to be associated with reticular pseudodrusen. SD-OCT is helpful in distinguishing the location of the deposits that are above and below the RPE in EOD. Further studies are needed to understand the role of reticular pseudodrusen in the pathophysiology of EOD.

scholarly journals Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS): update on practical appraisal, diagnosis and clinicopathology; a review and an alternative comprehensive perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papasavvas ◽  
Alessandro Mantovani ◽  
Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun ◽  
Carl P. Herbort
Keyword(s):  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
White Dot Syndrome ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract Background Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is a rare inflammatory eye condition affecting the outer retina as a consequence of choriocapillaris non perfusion. The pathophysiology of MEWDS will be discussed based clinical appraisal and on multimodal imaging appraisal. Methods Narrative review and perspective opinion. Results Literature review results helped us to put forward (1) the specific symptomatology (decreased/blurred vision, photopsia, subjective scotomas), (2) the ill-asserted character of clinical findings (foveal granularity, white dots in fundoscopy), (3) and the crucial importance of multimodal imaging with the diagnostic triad of ICGA hypofluorescent areas, BL-FAF hyperautofluorescent areas and loss/damage of IS/OS-ellipsoid zone on SD-OCT that characterise the disease and can practically help the clinician to diagnose MEWDS. A comprehensive alternative perspective of the disease was formulated. Conclusions The bulk of evidence that we are presenting in this review, thanks to new performing non-invasive and invasive imaging modalities, is sufficiently compelling to consider MEWDS as a primary choriocapillaritis/inflammatory choriocapillaropathy. Multimodal imaging allows the clinician to diagnose MEWDS with a high level of certainty and ensures a precise follow-up.

scholarly journals Fundus Autofluorescence

2017 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Predictive Markers ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Autofluorescence Imaging ◽  
Genotype Correlation ◽  
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms

Fundus autofluorescence imaging has been shown to be useful with regard to the understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostics, phenotype-genotype correlation, identification of predictive markers for disease progression, and monitoring of novel therapies in retinal diseases. Fundus autofluorescence imaging can be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of many diseases. This review summarizes fundus autofluorescence imaging of retinal diseases supported by photographs of clinical cases in which differential diagnosis plays an important role.

scholarly journals Complications of Intra-Arterial tPA for Iatrogenic Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Case Report through Multimodal Imaging and Literature Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Katherine Dalzotto ◽  
Paige Richards ◽  
Tyler D. Boulter ◽  
Marilyn Kay ◽  
Mihai Mititelu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Sd Oct

Background and Objectives: To document, through multimodal imaging, the post-procedural clinical course and visual outcome of a patient who received intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute iatrogenic branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), and to review the literature and guidelines regarding the use of tPA for retinal arterial occlusions. Methods: A 28-year-old female patient who sustained an iatrogenic BRAO and subsequently received intra-arterial tPA was followed through her post-interventional course of 3 months with serial exams and multimodal imaging, including color fundus photography, visual field testing, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and OCT angiography (OCT-A). Results: A patient with history of left internal cerebral artery (ICA) aneurysm and baseline visual acuity (VA) of 20/20 developed an acutely symptomatic BRAO after undergoing a neuroendovascular procedure and was acutely treated with tPA through the left ophthalmic artery. At two weeks follow-up, a central posterior pole hemorrhage was noted although VA was preserved. A superior altitudinal defect was shown on automated perimetry. VA dropped to 20/50 at 7 weeks follow-up and hyperreflective material deep to the attachment between the posterior hyaloid and the internal limiting membrane (ILM) consistent with hemorrhage was noted on SD-OCT. At 11 weeks follow-up, VA returned to 20/20, SD-OCT revealed a membrane bridging the foveal depression, OCT-A showed decreased vascularity in the inferior macula, and the visual field defect was stable by automated perimetry. Conclusions: Intraocular hemorrhage is a possible complication of intra-arterial tPA administration for BRAO, and a careful analysis of risks, benefits, and goals of this procedure must be considered by both provider and patient before such intervention.

Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases; Color Fundus Photograph, Fundus Fluorescein Angiography And Indocyanine Green Angiography.

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Indocyanine Green Angiography ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Fundus Photographs

The term of pachychoroid spectrum diseases is used to identify a group of diseases that are characterized by increase of choroidal thickness. The increase of choroidal thickness is caused by dilated vascular vessels in Haller’s layer and accompanied by thinning in the choriocapillaris and Sattler’s layer. The presence of characteristic morphological changes including structural and functional choroidal changes is the key pathophysiological basis for the identification of pachychoroid diseases. The spectrum of pachychoroid disease consists of different clinical manifestations that can progress from one to another. Multimodal imaging methods are used in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of these diseases. In this review, color fundus photographs, fundus fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography characteristics of pachychoroid diseases are discussed.

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