scholarly journals An Unusual Association in an Uncommon Disease: Two Cases of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum Associated with Pneumorrhachis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Luís Martins ◽  
Patrícia Dionísio ◽  
Susana Moreira ◽  
Alda Manique ◽  
Isabel Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Unusual Association ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Uncommon Disease

Pneumomediastinum, the presence of free air in the mediastinum, is described as spontaneous pneumomediastinum when there is no apparent cause such as trauma, surgery, interventional procedures, or intrathoracic infections. Pneumorrhachis is a rare clinical condition, consisting of intraspinal air. The main causes are iatrogenic, traumatic, and nontraumatic. Spontaneous mediastinum is usually associated with subcutaneous emphysema and, occasionally, with pneumothorax; however, its association with pneumorrhachis is extremely rare. Here, we present two rare cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum associated with pneumorrhachis caused by vigorous coughing.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum with a Rare Presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Bolvardi ◽  
Elham Pishbin ◽  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Azadeh Mahmoudi Gharaee ◽  
Farhad Bagherian
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Chest Examination ◽  
History Of

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an unusual and benign condition in which air is present in mediastinum. A 20-year-old male patient presented to ED with complaint of hoarseness and odynophagia from the day before, after weightlifting. The patient was nonsmoker and denied history of other diseases. On physical examination he had no dyspnea with normal vital signs. Throat examination and pulmonary auscultation were normal and no crepitation was palpable. We could not find subcutaneous emphysema in neck and chest examination. In neck and chest X-ray we found that air is present around the trachea. There was no apparent pneumothorax in CXR. In cervical and chest CT free air was present around trachea and in mediastinum. Subcutaneous emphysema was also evident. But there was no pneumothorax. The patient was admitted and went under close observation, oxygen therapy, and analgesic. The pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema gradually resolved within a week by conservative therapy and he was discharged without any complication. Many different conditions could be trigged because of pneumomediastinum but it is rarely seen in intense physical exertion such as weightlifting and bodybuilding. Two most common symptoms are retrosternal chest pain and dyspnea. But the patient here complained of hoarseness and odynophagia.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax, Pneumopericardium and Subcutaneous Emphysema—Not So Uncommon Complications in Patients with COVID-19 Pulmonary Infection—A Series of Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1346
Author(s):  
Talida Georgiana Cut ◽  
Cristina Tudoran ◽  
Voichita Elena Lazureanu ◽  
Adelina Raluca Marinescu ◽  
Raluca Dumache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Intensive Care Stay ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology

(1) Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PM), pneumothorax (PT), and pneumopericardium (PP) were recently reported as rare complications in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, and our study aims to follow the evolution of these involvements in 11 cases. The presumed pathophysiological mechanism is air leak due to extensive diffuse alveolar damage followed by alveolar rupture. (2) Methods: We followed the occurrence of PM, PN, PP, and subcutaneous emphysema (SE) in 1648 patients hospitalized during the second outbreak of COVID-19 (October 2020–January 2021) in the main hospital of infectious diseases of our county and recorded their demographic data, laboratory investigations and clinical evolution. (3) Results: Eleven patients (0.66%) developed PM, with eight of them having associated PT, one PP, and seven SE, in the absence of mechanical ventilation. Eight patients (72.72%) died and only three (27.27%) survived. All subjects were nonsmokers, without known pulmonary pathology or risk factors for such complications. (4) Conclusions: pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and pneumopericardium are not so uncommon complications of SARS-CoV2 pneumonia, being observed mostly in male patients with severe forms and associated with prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis. In some cases, with mild forms and reduced pulmonary injury, the outcome is favorable, not requiring surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care stay.

scholarly journals An Interesting Case of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum with Subcutaneous Emphysema following Oral Provocative Manoeuvre

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Pratibha ◽  
Deepthi Satish ◽  
Suraj Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Laryngeal Edema ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Air Leak ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Laryngeal Involvement

ABSTRACT Aim To discuss a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with pneumothorax with subcutaneous emphysema presenting with stridor due to laryngeal edema with relevant review of literature. Background Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition that has been described in healthy individuals following Valsalva manoeuvre, excessive and prolonged cough or emesis. Laryngeal involvement in these cases has not been reported so far. Case description We present an interesting case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with pneumothorax with pneumopericardium and cervicofacial emphysema with suspected ingestion of foreign body. In view of stridor due to laryngeal edema tracheostomy was done. No obvious cause for the air leak was found on further investigations. The foreign body sensation could have led to oral provocative manoeuvres by the patient causing increased intra-alveolar pressures and air leak. Conclusion Spontaneous pneumomediastinum with cervicofacial emphysema with pneumopericardium with laryngeal involvement is very rare. Tracheostomy is essential in case of airway compromise. A thorough evaluation for the underlying condition is essential to prevent further air leak. Clinical significance In a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with airway compromise due to involvement of the larynx, tracheostomy is essential to secure the airway and could also help in resolution of emphysema. How to cite this article Pratibha CB, Satish D, Gopal S, Balasubramanya AM. An Interesting Case of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum with Subcutaneous Emphysema following Oral Provocative Manoeuvre. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):93-96.

scholarly journals Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a child with unknown aetiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e226805
Author(s):  
Anoopkishore Chidambaram ◽  
Sirisha Donekal
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Repeat Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Surgical Emphysema ◽  
Safety Netting

Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in children without any predisposing factors is a rare entity. We present a case of an adolescent boy with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. He is a 14-year-old boy brought to the hospital with an odd feeling in the neck and chest. Initial chest X-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. He was further evaluated with CT thorax and abdomen with contrast which revealed extensive pneumomediastinum with associated surgical emphysema in the chest wall and neck. Expert opinions from the cardiothoracic and respiratory teams were obtained. The child was discharged with safety netting and description of red flag signs. Repeat chest X-ray in 2 weeks showed complete resolution of the pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. We will briefly discuss about the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.

scholarly journals Pediatric Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum after a Push-Up Exercise: An Uncommon Complication of a Common Exercise

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Chih-Yi Tsay ◽  
Yu-Long Chen ◽  
Chien-Sheng Chen ◽  
Po-Chen Lin ◽  
Meng-Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Uncommon Complication ◽  
Push Up

Pediatric spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon condition associated with infection, trauma, or coexisting structural lung pathology. Exercise-related spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are rarely reported. However, severe pneumomediastinum may coexist with pneumothorax, pneumorrhachis, and subcutaneous emphysema, which can potentially lead to serious complications, including airway obstruction and pneumorrhachis. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely management are important for physicians to determine the etiology and prevent further damage. Here, we present a case of exercise-related spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum to highlight the pathogenesis and suggest therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis: An Unusual Cause of Intestinal Ischemia and Pneumoperitoneum

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayri Ogul ◽  
Berhan Pirimoglu ◽  
Abdullah Kisaoglu ◽  
Leyla Karaca ◽  
Nuri Havan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Uncommon Disease

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI), with an unknown etiology, is an uncommon disease characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the submucosa or subserosa of the intestinal wall. Intestinal obstruction and/or perforation are relatively uncommon complications associated with PCI. The patients are often prone to misdiagnosis or mistreatment. The diagnosis of PCI is based on plain radiography or endoscopy. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) provides data on other intra-abdominal pathologies. Therefore, it is an important modality for the diagnosis of PCI. We present a case of PCI in a 58-year-old man affected by peritoneal free air with multidetector computed tomography imaging findings. We performed the plain film of the abdomen, and MDCT studies that showed numerous, diffuse, bubble-like intramural gas collections into the jejunum, ileum, and colon walls at the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen. MDCT findings were confirmed by surgical exploration.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum from Running Sprints

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Turban
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a fairly rare condition, caused by increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to free air in the mediastinal structures. Underlying lung conditions are associated with increased incidence of SPM, including asthma, interstitial lung disease, pneumonia, bullous lung, and radiation therapy for lung cancer. It is often preceded by Valsalva maneuvers, vomiting, coughing, asthma exacerbation, sneezing, childbirth, or intense physical activity. A case of SPM is presented in a 15-year-old male, who complained of throat pain and dyspnea while running sprints at football practice. Workup revealed SPM, and he was subsequently admitted and treated conservatively. His symptoms resolved in 2 days and he was discharged and suffered no further recurrences. In contrast to secondary pneumomediastinum, SPM is usually a benign condition although life-threatening conditions can rarely arise. Differentiating between these two conditions has important prognostic indications. There is a paucity of prospectively collected data regarding SPM, and considerable variation in recommendations concerning the extent of workup.

Subcutaneous Emphysema with Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax in Adult Dermatomyositis

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Ae Jang ◽  
So-Hyung Kim ◽  
Jee-Ho Choi ◽  
Kyung-Jeh Sung ◽  
Kee-Chan Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

scholarly journals Subcutaneous Emphysema: A Rare Postoperative Complication after Tonsillectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Manilal Aich Litu ◽  
Nurul Karim Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Amzad Hossain ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mashuque Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Parotid Region ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Upper Mediastinum ◽  
Uncommon Complication

Tonsillectomy is considered as a relatively safe procedure. This report aimed at describing an uncommon complication of this surgical procedure - subcutaneous emphysema. A 12 years old girl admitted for tonsillectomy operation. After routine preoperative assessment her operation was performed under general anesthesia. Surgery was uneventful. 7-8 hours after surgery, during follow-up in postoperative room progressing subcutaneous emphysema was noticed which initially involved the neck. But later on, it extended upper chest, upper arms, face & back. Crepitus swelling of neck and bilateral parotid region, typical of subcutaneous emphysema was noted. Chest X ray showed free air in the cervical regions reaching upper mediastinum. There was no airway obstruction and patient’s general condition was stable. Emphysema was no longer clinically evident 3 days after & patient was released. Subcutaneous emphysema is an uncommon complication of tonsillectomy, appearing almost ever after deeper dissections of the pharyngeal mucosa, when a porous surface is created, thus providing a route for the entry of air. Increased upper airway pressure may contribute to this injury.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 3(1): 51-53, 2012 (January)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document