scholarly journals Optical Simulation and Experimental Verification of a Fresnel Solar Concentrator with a New Hybrid Second Optical Element

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiqiang Li ◽  
Yi Jin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Solar Concentrators

Fresnel solar concentrator is one of the most common solar concentrators in solar applications. For high Fresnel concentrating PV or PV/T systems, the second optical element (SOE) is the key component for the high optical efficiency at a wider deflection angle, which is important for overcoming unavoidable errors from the tacking system, the Fresnel lens processing and installment technology, and so forth. In this paper, a new hybrid SOE was designed to match the Fresnel solar concentrator with the concentration ratio of 1090x. The ray-tracing technology was employed to indicate the optical properties. The simulation outcome showed that the Fresnel solar concentrator with the new hybrid SOE has a wider deflection angle scope with the high optical efficiency. Furthermore, the flux distribution with different deviation angles was also analyzed. In addition, the experiment of the Fresnel solar concentrator with the hybrid SOE under outdoor condition was carried out. The verifications from the electrical and thermal outputs were all made to analyze the optical efficiency comprehensively. The optical efficiency resulting from the experiment is found to be consistent with that from the simulation.

scholarly journals Novel Design of Primary Optical Elements Based on a Linear Fresnel Lens for Concentrator Photovoltaic Technology

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Pham ◽  
Ngoc Vu ◽  
Seoyong Shin
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Optical Path Length ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Efficiency

In this paper, we present a design and optical simulation of a novel linear Fresnel lens. The lens can be applied to a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system as a primary optical element (POE) to increase the concentration ratio and improve the uniformity of irradiance distribution over the receiver. In addition, the CPV system can use the proposed lens as a concentrator without involving a secondary optical element (SOE). The designed lens, which is a combination of two linear Fresnel lenses placed perpendicular to each other, can collect and distribute the direct sunlight on two dimensions. The lens is first designed in the MATLAB program, based on the edge ray theorem, Snell’s law, and the conservation of the optical path length, and then drawn in three dimensions (3D) by using LightToolsTM. Furthermore, in order to optimize the structure and investigate the performance of the lens, the ray tracing and the simulation are also performed in LightToolsTM. The results show that the newly designed lens can achieve a high concentration ratio of 576 times, a high optical efficiency of 82.4%, an acceptable tolerance of 0.84°, and high uniform irradiance of around 77% for both horizontal and vertical investigation lines over the receiver.

scholarly journals Optical Performance of Single Point-Focus Fresnel Lens Concentrator System for Multiple Multi-Junction Solar Cells—A Numerical Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4301
Author(s):  
Yassir A. Alamri ◽  
Saad Mahmoud ◽  
Raya Al-Dadah ◽  
Shivangi Sharma ◽  
J. N. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Concave Lens

This paper investigates the potential of a new integrated solar concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system that uses a solo point focus Fresnel lens for multiple multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). The proposed system comprises of an FL concentrator as the primary optical element, a multi-leg homogeniser as the secondary optical element (SOE), a plano-concave lens, and four MJSCs. A three-dimensional model of this system was developed using the ray tracing method to predict the influence of aperture width, height, and position with respect to MJSCs of different reflective and refractive SOE on the overall optical efficiency of the system and the irradiance uniformity achieved on the MJSCs’ surfaces. The results show that the refractive homogeniser using N-BK7 glass can achieve higher optical efficiency (79%) compared to the reflective homogeniser (57.5%). In addition, the peak to average ratio of illumination at MJSCs for the reflective homogeniser ranges from 1.07 to 1.14, while for the refractive homogeniser, it ranges from 1.06 to 1.34, causing minimum effects on the electrical performance of the MJSCs. The novelty of this paper is the development of a high concentration CPV system that integrates multiple MJSCs with a uniform distribution of rays, unlike the conventional CPV systems that utilise a single concentrator onto a single MJSC. The optical efficiency of the CPV system was also examined using both the types of homogeniser (reflective and refractive).

Optical Analysis of Solar Concentrators Using Photogrammetry Process

2017 ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
Safa Skouri ◽  
Salwa Bouadila
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Displacement Error ◽  
Slope Error

As the optical efficiency of solar concentrators has a high impact on its thermal performance. However a qualification method determining the geometrical accuracy of a solar concentrator system is necessary. The purpose of this chapter is to gives an optical analysis of solar concentrator with an imaging process in order to improve the thermal efficiency of the solar concentrator. In this order measurement techniques used to determine geometric errors of the solar concentrating system have been described. Intercept factor, slope error and displacement error have been identified and analyzed. Examples of the intercept factor for concentrator reflector along with optical efficiency has been developed and determined related to the experimental results given by photogrammetry measurement technique.

Optical Analysis of a Heliostat Array With Linked Tracking

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Dunham ◽  
R. Kasetty ◽  
A. Mathur ◽  
W. Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Performance ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
The North ◽  
The Individual ◽  
East West

The optical performance of a novel solar concentrator consisting of a 400 spherical heliostat array and a linked two-axis tracking system is analyzed using the Monte Carlo ray-tracing technique. The optical efficiency and concentration ratio are compared for four different heliostat linkage configurations, including linkages of 1 × 1, 1 × 2, 2 × 2, 4 × 4, and 5 × 5 heliostats for 7-hour operation and the selected months of June and December. The optical performance of the concentrator decreases with the increasing number of heliostats in the individual groups due to increasing optical inaccuracies. In June, the best-performing linked configuration, in which 1 heliostat in the east-west direction and 2 heliostats in the north-south direction are linked, provides a monthly-averaged 7-hour optical efficiency and average concentration ratio of 79% and 511 suns, respectively. In December, the optical efficiency and the average concentration ratio decreases to 61% and 315 suns, respectively.

scholarly journals Performance and determination of Concentration Ratio for a parabolic solar concentrator using a thermographic technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Cano-Ardila ◽  
Juan David Giraldo-Quintero ◽  
Sergio Cipriano Agudelo-Flórez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Real Image ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
The Real ◽  
Precise Calculation ◽  
Thermographic Analysis

This work addresses the methodology to determine the exact concentration ratio (CR) for a parabolic solar concentrator (PSC) using thermographic imaging. The value of CR is commonly given in terms of the area of the receiver and not in terms of the area of the image produced by the concentrator on the receiver surface. With thermographic analysis, it is possible to know the real image generated by the PSC on the receiver, which helps to have a precise calculation of CR. It is important to measure the real CR not only for manufacturing purposes but also for the maintenance of solar concentrators, since its miscalculation lowers their energy efficiency or lifespan. In experiments, the real image on the receiver is divided into 4 regions, stratified with an equal temperature difference for each one. With this consideration, CR varied from 20 to 151. To complete the analysis, the energy efficiency is calculated. Since heating is a non-stationary process, thermal efficiency fluctuated during the time of experimentation, having a peak of 25% and a mean value of 15.3%. The irregularities of curvature in the concentrators significantly deteriorate the uniformity of the radiation flux and the energy efficiency due to unused areas of concentration.

Sunshape and Its Influence on the Flux Distribution in Imaging Solar Concentrators

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schubnell
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Solar Limb ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Imaging solar concentrators, such as a parabolic dish, image the sun to their focal plane. Thus, the flux distribution is basically an image of the angular distribution of the direct incident solar radiation. This distribution, referred to as sunshape, is determined by solar limb darkening and by small angle scattering in the atmosphere. In this paper we present measurements of the sunshape and investigate its influence on the flux distribution in the solar furnace at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) and in parabolic concentrators, both experimentally and by a ray tracing procedure. Analyzing the influence of the spectral dependence of the sunshape we find that the characteristic width of the focal spot increases with longer wavelengths. In contrary, the mean concentration ratio is higher at shorter wavelengths. Although these effects are rather small, they can be important in radiometric measurement techniques to determine the emissivity and the temperature distribution of an irradiated sample as well as in designing solar pumped lasers. Comparing various sunshapes with the corresponding flux distributions in the two-stage solar furnace at PSI, we show that the influence of the circumsolar radiation on the flux distribution is usually negligible as compared to the distortion due to astigmatism. However, in more accurate optical systems, such as highly concentrating parabolic dishes, the flux distribution is a fairly accurate image of the sunshape. We find, that due to sunshape, the mean concentration ratio in a parabolic dish is decreased by about ten percent. As an example we subsequently estimate the mean annual conversion efficiency of an ideal solar converter operated in the Swiss mountains.

A LED Reflector Design and Research for Uniform Rectangular Illumination

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 699-702
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Yang ◽  
Shao Liang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Reflection Principle ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Optical Modeling ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Oblique Illumination

In order to utilizing the light flux reasonably and effectively, the LED reflector which is designed according to light reflection principle, makes the light emitted from LED resource spread in a specific direction through reflection. The problems about LED oblique illumination are described in the paper. By comparing the optical properties of elliptical and parabolic and using the optical modeling software, a compound trough reflector is designed. The irradiance map of optical simulation shows that a uniform rectangular spot is shaped on the lighting plane and the optical efficiency reach up to 72.3％.

scholarly journals Study on the Optical Properties of Triangular Cavity Absorber for Parabolic Trough Solar Concentrator

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Reda Hassanien Emam Hassanien ◽  
Xi Luo ◽  
Yongrui Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Offset Distance ◽  
Aperture Width ◽  
Design Software

A theoretical analytical method for optical properties of cavity absorber was proposed in this paper and the optical design software TracePro was used to analyze the optical properties of triangular cavity absorber. It was found that the optimal optical properties could be achieved with appropriate aperture width, depth-to-width ratio, and offset distance from focus of triangular cavity absorber. Based on the results of orthogonal experiment, the optimized triangular cavity absorber was designed. Results showed that the standard deviation of irradiance and optical efficiency of optimized designed cavity absorber were 30528 W/m2and 89.23%, respectively. Therefore, this study could offer some valuable references for designing the parabolic trough solar concentrator in the future.

scholarly journals Optimal Design of a Secondary Optical Element for a Noncoplanar Two-Reflector Solar Concentrator

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yi-Cheng Chen ◽  
Chia-Chi You
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Performance ◽  
Parabolic Mirror ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Ray Tracing Simulation

This paper presents the results of a parametric design process used to achieve an optimal secondary optical element (SOE) in a noncoplanar solar concentrator composed of two reflectors. The noncoplanar solar concentrator comprises a primary parabolic mirror (M1) and a secondary hyperbolic mirror (M2). The optical performance (i.e., acceptance angle, optical efficiency, and irradiance distribution) of concentrators with various SOEs was compared using ray-tracing simulation. The parametric design process for the SOE was divided into two phases, and an optimal SOE was obtained. The sensitivity to assembly errors of the solar concentrator when using the optimal SOE was studied and the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Design and Evaluation of Polygonal Trough Solar Concentrator

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Yasser Yassin Khudair ◽  
Alaa Badr Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Cylindrical Mirror ◽  
Design For All ◽  
Reflecting Surfaces ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
To Receive

     In this paper, a solar concentrator is designed in the form of a concave half-cylindrical mirror consisting of polygonal reflective surface plates. The plates are arranged to give a hemispherical shape to the design. These surfaces work to receive solar radiation and focusing by reflecting it to the receiver that is placed in front of the reflecting surfaces. The results are compared with a system consisting of a concave reflecting surface of the same dimensions to obtain a good criterion for evaluating the design performance. The results showed a low acceptance angle for the design for all the samples used due to the geometrical design nature. The optical efficiency affected by the angle of incidence greatly by all the samples used, which differ in the concentration ratio, width and location of the receiver.

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