scholarly journals An Analytical Study on Eavesdropping Attacks in Wireless Nets of Things

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuran Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Hong-Ning Dai ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Qinglin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Rayleigh Fading ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Shadow Fading ◽  
Extensive Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Fading Effect ◽  
Loss Effect

The security of Internet of Things (IoT) has received extensive attention recently. This paper presents a novel analytical model to investigate the eavesdropping attacks in Wireless Net of Things (WNoT). Our model considers various channel conditions, including thepath loss, theshadow fading effect, andRayleigh fading effect. Besides, we also consider the eavesdroppers in WNoT equipped with either omnidirectional antennas or directional antennas. Extensive simulation results show that our model is accurate and effective to model the eavesdropping attacks in WNoT. Besides, our results also indicate that the probability of eavesdropping attacks heavily depends on the shadow fading effect, the path loss effect, Rayleigh fading effect, and the antenna models. In particular, we find that the shadow fading effect is beneficial to the eavesdropping attacks while both the path loss effect and Rayleigh fading effect are detrimental. Besides, using directional antennas at eavesdroppers can also increase the eavesdropping probability. Our results offer some useful implications on designing antieavesdropping schemes in WNoT.

scholarly journals Deterministic and Empirical Approach for Millimeter-Wave Complex Outdoor Smart Parking Solution Deployments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4112
Author(s):  
Fidel Alejandro Rodríguez-Corbo ◽  
Leyre Azpilicueta ◽  
Mikel Celaya-Echarri ◽  
Peio Lopez-Iturri ◽  
Ana V. Alejos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Scale Parameters ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Wireless Communications Systems

The characterization of different vegetation/vehicle densities and their corresponding effects on large-scale channel parameters such as path loss can provide important information during the deployment of wireless communications systems under outdoor conditions. In this work, a deterministic analysis based on ray-launching (RL) simulation and empirical measurements for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications for outdoor parking environments and smart parking solutions is presented. The study was carried out at a frequency of 28 GHz using directional antennas, with the transmitter raised above ground level under realistic use case conditions. Different radio channel impairments were weighed in, considering the progressive effect of first, the density of an incremental obstructed barrier of trees, and the effect of different parked vehicle densities within the parking lot. On the basis of these scenarios, large-scale parameters and temporal dispersion characteristics were obtained, and the effect of vegetation/vehicle density changes was assessed. The characterization of propagation impairments that different vegetation/vehicle densities can impose onto the wireless radio channel in the millimeter frequency range was performed. Finally, the results obtained in this research can aid communication deployment in outdoor parking conditions.

Performance Analysis of OQPSK Signals with Bi-Kappa Noise for Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 957-960
Author(s):  
Qiao Ling Du ◽  
Zhi Rui Wang ◽  
Yu Pei ◽  
Yi Ding Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Fading Channel ◽  
Rayleigh Fading ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Channel Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper investigates the performance analysis of OQPSK in HF band for wireless sensor networks. An analytical model for getting symbol error rate (SER) is given in presence of Bi-Kappa noise in HF band. And the SER of OQPSK is given in AWGN and Rayleigh fading channel. Simulation results HF noise as Bi-Kappa noise should be investigated in HF band for WSN.

scholarly journals Hybrid Chirp Signal Design for Improved Long-Range (LoRa) Communications

Signals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Md. Noor-A-Rahim ◽  
M. Omar Khyam ◽  
Apel Mahmud ◽  
Xinde Li ◽  
Dirk Pesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Bit Error Rate ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Signal Design ◽  
Chirp Signal ◽  
Performance Gain ◽  
Extensive Simulation ◽  
Noise Interference ◽  
Chirp Signals ◽  
Simulation Results

Long-range (LoRa) communication has attracted much attention recently due to its utility for many Internet of Things applications. However, one of the key problems of LoRa technology is that it is vulnerable to noise/interference due to the use of only up-chirp signals during modulation. In this paper, to solve this problem, unlike the conventional LoRa modulation scheme, we propose a modulation scheme for LoRa communication based on joint up- and down-chirps. A fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based demodulation scheme is devised to detect modulated symbols. To further improve the demodulation performance, a hybrid demodulation scheme, comprised of FFT- and correlation-based demodulation, is also proposed. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated through extensive simulation results. Compared to the conventional LoRa modulation scheme, we show that the proposed scheme exhibits over 3 dB performance gain at a bit error rate of 10−4.

scholarly journals Massive MIMO: Achievable Energy Efficiency for 5G systems with Multi-user Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6527-6534
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
User Terminal ◽  
Simulation Results

Massive Multi-Input and Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna system potentially provides a promising solution to improve energy efficiency (EE) for 5G wireless systems. The aim of this paper is to enhance EE and its limiting factors are explored. The maximum EE of 48 Mbit/Joule was achieved with 15 user terminal (UT)s. This problem is related to the uplink spectral efficiency with upper bound for future wireless networks. The maximal EE is obtained by optimizing a number of base station (BS) antennas, pilot reuse factor, and BSs density. We presented a power consumption model by deriving Shannon capacity calculations with closed-form expressions. The simulation result highlights the EE maximization with optimizing variables of circuit power consumption, hardware impairments, and path-loss exponent. Small cells achieve high EE and saturate to a constant value with BSs density. The MRC scheme achieves maximum EE of 36 Mbit/Joule with 12 UTs. The simulation results show that peak EE is obtained by deploying massive BS antennas, where the interference and pilot contamination are mitigated by coherent processing. The simulation results were implemented by using MATLAB 2018b.

scholarly journals Path Loss Measurements of Indoor LTE System for the Internet of Things

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan-Yi Liu ◽  
Tsung-Yu Chang ◽  
Yung-Chun Chiang ◽  
Po-Chiang Lin ◽  
Jeich Mar
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Path Loss Measurements ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Fuzzy Logic Controller for Force Feedback Control of Quadcopter via Tether

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bennett Breese ◽  
Drew Scott ◽  
Shraddha Barawkar ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Extensive Simulation ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Area Surveillance ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Long Endurance

Abstract Tethered drone systems can be used to perform long-endurance tasks such as area surveillance and relay stations for wireless communication. However, all the existing systems use tethers only for data and power transmission from a stationary point on the ground. This work presents a control strategy that enables a quadcopter to follow a moving tether anchor. A force feedback controller is implemented using Fuzzy Logic. Using force-based strategy provides effective compliance between the tether’s anchor and the drone. The drone can thus be controlled by mere physical movement/manipulation of tether. This enhances the safety of current tethered drone systems and simplifies the flying of drones. Fuzzy Logic provides an intuitive edge to the control of such systems and allows handling noise in force sensors. Extensive simulation results are presented in this paper showing the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

A Generic Method for the Reliable Calculation of Large-Scale Fading in an Obstacle-Dense Propagation Environment

2013 ◽  
pp. 256-277
Author(s):  
Theofilos Chrysikos ◽  
Stavros Kotsopoulos ◽  
Eduard Babulak
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Shadow Fading ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Wireless Channel Modeling

The aim of this chapter is to summarize and present recent findings in the field of wireless channel modeling that provide a new method for the reliable calculation of the statistical parameters of large-scale variations of the average received signal (shadow fading). This algorithm is theoretically based on a path loss estimation model that incorporates losses due to walls and floors. This has been confirmed to be the most precise mathematical tool for average signal strength prediction for various frequencies of interest and propagation environments. The total path loss is estimated as a sum of two independent attenuation processes: free space loss and losses due to obstacles. This solution allows for a direct and reliable calculation of the deviation of the fluctuations of the average received signal in an obstacle-dense environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document