scholarly journals Absence of Rybp Compromises Neural Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergo Kovacs ◽  
Viktoria Szabo ◽  
Melinda K. Pirity
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 1

Rybp (Ring1 and Yy1 Binding Protein) is a transcriptional regulator and member of the noncanonical polycomb repressive complex 1 with essential role in early embryonic development. We have previously described that alteration of Rybp dosage in mouse models induced striking neural tube defects (NTDs), exencephaly, and disorganized neurocortex. In this study we further investigated the role of Rybp in neural differentiation by utilising wild type (rybp+/+) andrybp nullmutant (rybp-/-) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and tried to uncover underlying molecular events that are responsible for the observed phenotypic changes. We found thatrybp nullmutant ESCs formed less matured neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes from existing progenitors than wild type cells. Furthermore, lack ofrybpcoincided with altered gene expression of key neural markers including Pax6 and Plagl1 pinpointing a possible transcriptional circuit among these genes.

scholarly journals The role of Ca2+ signaling on the self-renewal and neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs)

Cell Calcium ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baixia Hao ◽  
Sarah E. Webb ◽  
Andrew L. Miller ◽  
Jianbo Yue
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Renewal

scholarly journals Neural Differentiation Is Inhibited through HIF1α/β-Catenin Signaling in Embryoid Bodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Večeřa ◽  
Jana Kudová ◽  
Jan Kučera ◽  
Lukáš Kubala ◽  
Jiří Pacherník
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Embryoid Bodies ◽  
Nuclear Fraction ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Spontaneous Differentiation

Extensive research in the field of stem cells and developmental biology has revealed evidence of the role of hypoxia as an important factor regulating self-renewal and differentiation. However, comprehensive information about the exact hypoxia-mediated regulatory mechanism of stem cell fate during early embryonic development is still missing. Using a model of embryoid bodies (EBs) derived from murine embryonic stem cells (ESC), we here tried to encrypt the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) in neural fate during spontaneous differentiation. EBs derived from ESC with the ablated gene for HIF1α had abnormally increased neuronal characteristics during differentiation. An increased neural phenotype in Hif1α−/− EBs was accompanied by the disruption of β-catenin signaling together with the increased cytoplasmic degradation of β-catenin. The knock-in of Hif1α, as well as β-catenin ectopic overexpression in Hif1α−/− EBs, induced a reduction in neural markers to the levels observed in wild-type EBs. Interestingly, direct interaction between HIF1α and β-catenin was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation analysis of the nuclear fraction of wild-type EBs. Together, these results emphasize the regulatory role of HIF1α in β-catenin stabilization during spontaneous differentiation, which seems to be a crucial mechanism for the natural inhibition of premature neural differentiation.

scholarly journals MAPK p38alpha Kinase Influences Haematopoiesis in Embryonic Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Štefková ◽  
Markéta Hanáčková ◽  
Jan Kučera ◽  
Katarzyna Anna Radaszkiewicz ◽  
Barbora Ambrůžová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Haematopoietic Cells ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
First Time

The activation of p38alpha kinase mediates cell response to various extracellular factors including many interleukins and growth factors important for haematopoiesis. The role of p38alpha kinase was previously analysed in particular haematopoietic cells. In this study and for the first time, the role of p38alpha kinase in haematopoiesis was studied using a model of continuous haematopoietic development in pluripotent embryonic stem cellsin vitro. The expression of transcripts associated with haematopoiesis and the potential for the formation of specific haematopoietic cell colonies were compared between wild-type and mutant p38alpha gene-depleted cells. The absence of p38alpha kinase led to the inhibition of hemangioblast formation during the first step of haematopoiesis. Later, during differentiation, due to the lack of p38alpha kinase, erythrocyte maturation was impaired. Mutant p38α−/−cells also exhibited decreased potential with respect to the expansion of granulocyte colony-forming units. This effect was reversed in the absence of erythropoietin as shown by colony-forming unit assay in media for colony-forming unit granulocytes/macrophages. p38alpha kinase thus plays an important role in the differentiation of common myeloid precursor cells into granulocyte lineages.

Role of G-protein coupled receptors in the neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. e134
Author(s):  
Naoko Kuzumaki ◽  
Atsuo Suzuki ◽  
Michiko Narita ◽  
Satoshi Imai ◽  
Yohei Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
G Protein Coupled

scholarly journals Role of STIM1 in survival and neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells independent of Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baixia Hao ◽  
Yingying Lu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Wenjing Guo ◽  
King-Ho Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

scholarly journals Embryonic stem cells neural differentiation qualifies the role of Wnt/β-Catenin signals in human telencephalic specification and regionalization

Stem Cells ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1763-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Nicoleau ◽  
Christine Varela ◽  
Caroline Bonnefond ◽  
Yves Maury ◽  
Aurore Bugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem

Deciphering the Role of Sulfonated Unit in Heparin-Mimicking Polymer to Promote Neural Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (34) ◽  
pp. 28209-28221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiehua Lei ◽  
Yuqi Yuan ◽  
Zhonglin Lyu ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem

scholarly journals The role of nucleotide excision repair in protecting embryonic stem cells from genotoxic effects of UV-induced DNA damage

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 3276-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. H. Van Sloun ◽  
J. G. Jansen ◽  
G. Weeda ◽  
L. H. F. Mullenders ◽  
A. A. van Zeeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

scholarly journals Modulation of Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells by Polypyrrole: The Impact on Neurogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Kateřina Skopalová ◽  
Katarzyna Anna Radaszkiewicz ◽  
Věra Kašpárková ◽  
Jaroslav Stejskal ◽  
Patrycja Bober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Conducting Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erk Kinase

The active role of biomaterials in the regeneration of tissues and their ability to modulate the behavior of stem cells in terms of their differentiation is highly advantageous. Here, polypyrrole, as a representantive of electro-conducting materials, is found to modulate the behavior of embryonic stem cells. Concretely, the aqueous extracts of polypyrrole induce neurogenesis within embryonic bodies formed from embryonic stem cells. This finding ledto an effort to determine the physiological cascade which is responsible for this effect. The polypyrrole modulates signaling pathways of Akt and ERK kinase through their phosphorylation. These effects are related to the presence of low-molecular-weight compounds present in aqueous polypyrrole extracts, determined by mass spectroscopy. The results show that consequences related to the modulation of stem cell differentiation must also be taken into account when polypyrrole is considered as a biomaterial.

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