scholarly journals Dimensionless Analysis on the Characteristics of Pneumatic Booster Valve with Energy Recovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Kotaro Tadano ◽  
Gangyan Li ◽  
Toshiharu Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Air Power ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Dimensionless Analysis ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Save Energy

Factories are increasingly reducing their air supply pressures in order to save energy. Hence, there is a growing demand for pneumatic booster valves to overcome the local pressure deficits in modern pneumatic systems. To further improve energy efficiency, a new type of booster valve with energy recovery (BVER) is proposed. The BVER principle is presented in detail, and a dimensionless mathematical model is established based on flow rate, gas state, and energy conservation. The mathematics model was transformed into a dimensionless model by accurately selecting the reference values. Subsequently the dimensionless characteristics of BVER were found. BVER energy efficiency is calculated based on air power. The boost ratio is found to be mainly affected by the operational parameters. Among the structural ones, the recovery/boost chamber area ratio and the sonic conductance of the chambers are the most influential. The boost ratio improves by 15%–25% compared to that of a booster valve without an energy recovery chamber. The efficiency increases by 5%–10% depending on the supply pressure. A mathematical model is validated by experiment, and this research provides a reference for booster valve optimisation and energy saving.

Characteristics Analysis of Pneumatic Booster Valve With Energy Recovery

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Kotaro Tadano ◽  
Gangyan Li ◽  
Toshiharu Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
High Energy ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Conservation Equation ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Supply Pressure

Pneumatic booster valve is widely used in local pressure boost circuit for energy saving, a new booster valve with energy recovery (short for BVER) was proposed in this paper in order to further improve the energy efficiency. Firstly, the principle of BVER was introduced by comparing with the traditional booster. Based on flow-rate characteristics equation, gas state equation, energy conservation equation, etc., the mathematics model of BVER was established, and the flow-rate characteristics, boost ratio, pressure in tank and energy efficiency were systematically analyzed by simulation. Lastly, the model was verified by experiments. This study shows that: firstly, the pressure decreased sharply with the flow-rate’s increasing, and the pressure in tank is much lower than in BVER. Secondly, the boost ratio was affected by supply pressure, regulator coefficient and the diameter of recovery chamber. Thirdly, the pressure fluctuation in tank decreases with the tank volume increasing, and the pressure fluctuation is less than 1% when tank volume is larger than 10L. Lastly, the energy efficiency will increase 5∼10 percent with the boost ratio increases 15∼25 percent under different supply pressure. This study proves that BVER has better performance than VBA for its high boost ratio and high energy efficiency, and it provides a reference for booster valve’s design and energy saving.

scholarly journals Implementation of Energy Efficiency Based on Time Scheduling to Improve Network Lifetime in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subono . ◽  
M. Udin Harun Al Rasyid ◽  
I Gede Puja Astawa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Time Scheduling ◽  
Save Energy

ZigBee applications of IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) can be integrated with e-health technology Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). WBAN are small size and can communicate quickly making it easier for people to obtain information accurately.WBAN has a variety of functions that can help human life. It can be used in the e-health, military and sports. WBAN has the potential to be the future of wireless communication solutions. WBAN use battery as its primary power source. WBAN has limited energy and must be able to save energy consumption in order to operate for a long time. In this study, we propose a method of time scheduling called cycle sleep period (CSP) as WBAN solutions to save energy and improve energy efficiency. The CSP method is implemented in the real hardware testbed using sensor e-health includes temperature body and current sensor. We compared the performance of CSP method with duty cycle management (DCM) time scheduling-based and without using time scheduling.From the measurement results, our proposed idea has decreasingenergy consumption.Keywords: WSN, LR-WPAN, WBAN, e-health, Time Scheduling

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Management in the Regions of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation: monograph

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. М. Кузнецов ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Save Energy

The monograph is devoted to the actual direction of research––assessment of the energy efficiency management system, focused on the rational provision of energy resources to consumers in order to save energy and improve energy efficiency in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.The energy efficiency management system focused on the rational provision of energy resources to consumers in order to save energy and improve energy efficiency is presented. The analysis of the implementation of key energy-efficient technologies in the Arctic regionswas carried out: the introduction of individual thermal points with automatic weather control in the buildings of the budget sector and apartment buildings; energy-efficient light sources in buildings of the budget sector, as well as in the street and road sector; energy efficiency of buildings operated by public sector organizationswas carried out. The directions of energy saving potentials are indicated and a detailed description of the energy of the Murmansk region, which becomes more distributed, is given. The dynamics of the energy intensity of the gross regional product and the specific costs of fuel and energy resources for public sector institutions and housing and communal services in each region of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, which allows to determine the effectiveness of the implemented measures to save energy, is presented. The technique of calculation of economic efficiency of investments at introduction of the best available technologies is resulted.The monograph can be useful for specialists in the field of energy, researchers and students of energy specialties.

Energy Efficiency Analysis of Interconnected Pneumatic Cylinders Servo Positioning System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Bangaru ◽  
Saravanakumar Devaraj
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Pneumatic System ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Air Power ◽  
Supply Pressure ◽  
Pneumatic Cylinders

Pneumatic systems exhibits many advantages including high speed and better efficiency. Servo pneumatic system enables the pneumatic system to be employed in varying position applications such as robots. There will be always a compromise between the speed and allowable overshoot in determining the parameters of the system based on the applications. In present research, a system comprising of two pneumatic cylinders attached to each other is used. A small cylinder which is used to for fine adjustments in accuracy is mounted on the rod end of the large cylinder which travels the coarse movement. This system reduces the overshoot of the system without much reduction in speed. Mathematical model of the system comprising of motion dynamics, pressure and temperature dynamics inside cylinder chambers and mass flow variation in the valves are derived from the physical laws and recent literature information. Based on the mathematical model, a simulation model of the system is created in the Matlab-Simulink software. A fuzzy based control system has been designed for servo position control of the system. The simulation model is validated using the experimental results. The energy efficiency of the system is computed from the overall power developed in the system and cumulative air power supplied to the system. The analysis of the dynamics of the system while tracking a sinusoidal signal is taken as a task for analyzing the energy efficiency of the system. The energy efficiency of the system has been analyzed for various sizes of cylinders, various supply pressure levels to both the cylinders in the system and various applied loads to the system. To reduce the number of experiments to be conducted, a Taguchi based design of experiments is carried out. A statistical analysis has been made for analyzing the variation of energy efficiency with the above parameters. From the study, external load affects the energy efficiency in a considerable way which has 54.39% of the overall contribution. The second dominant factor on influencing energy efficiency is supply pressure to cylinder A which has the contribution of 23.65%.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of a New Pneumatic Actuating System Using Exhaust Recycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645
Author(s):  
Qihui Yu ◽  
Jianwei Zhai ◽  
Qiancheng Wang ◽  
Xuxiao Zhang ◽  
Xin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Critical Pressure ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pneumatic Actuation ◽  
Supply Pressure ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Exhaust Energy ◽  
Time Required

Pneumatic actuating systems are an important power system in industrial applications. Due to exhaust loss, however, pneumatic actuating systems have suffered from a low utilization of compressed air. To recycle the exhaust energy, a novel pneumatic circuit was proposed to realize energy savings through recycling exhaust energy. The circuit consisted of three two-position three-way switch valves, which were used to control the exhaust flows into a gas tank or the ambient environment. This paper introduced the energy recovery configuration and working principles and built a mathematical model of its working process. Then, the mathematical model was verified by experiments. Finally, through experiments in which the air supply pressure, the critical pressure and the volume of the gas tank were regulated, the energy recovery characteristics of the pneumatic actuating system were obtained. Using the new circuit, the experimental results showed that the energy recovery efficiency exceeded 23%. When the air supply pressure was set to 5 bar, 6 bar, and 7 bar, the time required for pneumatic actuation to complete the three working cycles were 5.2 s, 5.3 s, and 5.9 s, respectively. When the critical pressure was set to 0 bar, 0.5 bar, 1 bar, and 1.5 bar, the times for pneumatic actuation to complete the three working cycles were 4.9 s, 5.1 s, 5.2 s, and 5.3 s, respectively. When the volume of the gas tank was set to 2 L, 3 L, 4 L, and 5 L, the number of working cycles was 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. This paper provides a new method of cylinder exhaust recycling and lays a good foundation for pneumatic energy savings.

scholarly journals A Novel Energy Recovery System Integrating Flywheel and Flow Regeneration for a Hydraulic Excavator Boom System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiansong Li ◽  
Jiyun Zhao ◽  
Xiaochun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Hydraulic Excavator ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Energy Recovery System ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Hydraulic Excavators ◽  
Working Principle

Implementing an energy recovery system (ERS) is an effective solution to improve energy efficiency for hydraulic excavators (HEs). A flywheel energy recovery system (FERS) is proposed based on this concept. A hydraulic pump motor (PM) is employed as the energy conversion component and a flywheel is used as the energy storage component. Since the pressure is low because the bucket is usually empty as the boom lowers, a relatively large PM should be used in the FERS. To overcome this drawback, a novel compound energy recovery system integrating flywheel and flow regeneration (FFERS) is proposed in this paper. The working principle of the system is analyzed in detail. The introduction of flow regeneration has two benefits; one is downsizing the displacement of PM and the other one is an extra improvement of energy efficiency. The primary parameters of both are matched based on a 4 t excavator. Compared with the PM used in the FERS, the PM displacement in the FFERS is reduced by 71%. For comparison, a general model that can operate in either the FERS mode or the FFERS mode is developed in AMESim. The modeling results show that the FFERS with a downsized PM contributes a 13% increase in energy recovery and reutilization efficiency (62%) as compared with the FERS.

scholarly journals Are Cross-Border Classes Feasible for Students to Collaborate in the Analysis of Energy Efficiency Strategies for Socioeconomic Development While Keeping CO2 Concentration Controlled?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Roberto Araya ◽  
Pedro Collanqui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
School Students ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Science Classes

Education is critical for improving energy efficiency and reducing CO2 concentration, but collaboration between countries is also critical. It is a global problem in which we cannot isolate ourselves. Our students must learn to collaborate in seeking solutions together with others from other countries. Thus, the research question of this study is whether interactive cross-border science classes with energy experiments are feasible and can increase awareness of energy efficiency among middle school students. We designed and tested an interactive cross-border class between Chilean and Peruvian eighth-grade classes. The classes were synchronously connected and all students did experiments and answered open-ended questions on an online platform. Some of the questions were designed to check conceptual understanding whereas others asked for suggestions of how to develop their economies while keeping CO2 air concentration at acceptable levels. In real time, the teacher reviewed the students’ written answers and the concept maps that were automatically generated based on their responses. Students peer-reviewed their classmates’ suggestions. This is part of an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM) education project on energy efficiency using APEC databases. We found high levels of student engagement, where students discussed not only the cross-cutting nature of energy, but also its relation to socioeconomic development and CO2 emissions, and the need to work together to improve energy efficiency. In conclusion, interactive cross-border science classes are a feasible educational alternative, with potential as a scalable public policy strategy for improving awareness of energy efficiency among the population.

scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Sinter Vertical Cooler

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4522
Author(s):  
Zude Cheng ◽  
Haitao Wang ◽  
Junsheng Feng ◽  
Yongfang Xia ◽  
Hui Dong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Energy And Exergy

In order to fully understand the energy and exergy transfer processes in sinter vertical coolers, a simulation model of the fluid flow and heat transfer in a vertical cooler was established, and energy and exergy efficiency analyses of the gas–solid heat transfer in a vertical cooler were conducted in detail. Based on the calculation method of the whole working condition, the suitable operational parameters of the vertical cooler were obtained by setting the net exergy efficiency in the vertical cooler as the indicator function. The results show that both the quantity of sinter waste heat recovery (SWHR) and energy efficiency increased as the air flow rate (AFR) increased, and they decreased as the air inlet temperature (AIT) increased. The increase in the sinter inlet temperature (SIT) resulted in an increase in the quantity of SWHR and a decrease in energy efficiency. The air net exergy had the maximum value as the AFR increased, and it only increased monotonically as the SIT and AIT increased. The net exergy efficiency reached the maximum value as the AFR and AIT increased, and the increase in the SIT only resulted in a decrease in the net exergy efficiency. When the sinter annual production of a 360 m2 sintering machine was taken as the processing capacity of the vertical cooler, the suitable operational parameters of the vertical cooler were 190 kg/s for the AFR, and 353 K for the AIT.

Investigation of Thermal Effects in Direct Driven Hydraulic System for Off-Road Machinery

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko Karlén ◽  
Tatiana Minav ◽  
Matti Pietola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Wheel Loaders ◽  
Save Energy

Several types of off-road machinery, such as industrial trucks, forklifts, excavators, mobile cranes, and wheel loaders, are set to be operated in environments which can differ considerably from each other. This sets certain limits for both the drive transmissions and working hydraulics of these machines. The ambient temperature must be taken into account when selecting the hydraulic fluid since the viscosity and density of the fluid are changing at different operating temperatures. In addition to the temperature, energy efficiency can also be a problem in off-road machinery. In most off-road machines, diesel engines are employed to produce mechanical energy. However, there are energy losses during the working process, which causes inefficiency in produced energy. For better energy efficiency, hybridization in off-road machinery is an effective method to decrease fuel consumption and increase energy savings. One of the possible methods to save energy with hybrids is energy regeneration. However, it means that the basic hydraulic system inside off-road machinery needs to be modified. One solution for this is to utilize zonal or decentralized approach by means of direct driven hydraulic (DDH) system. This paper aims to investigate a DDH system for off-road machinery by means of modelling and analyzing the effect of the temperature. In the direct-driven hydraulic system, the actuator is controlled directly by the hydraulic pump which is operated by the electric motor. Specifically, it is a valveless closed-loop hydraulic system. Thus, there will be no energy losses caused by the valves, and the total efficiency is assumed to be significantly higher. In order to examine the DDH system, a thermo-hydraulic model was created. Additionally, a thermal camera was utilized in order to illustrate the temperature changes in the components of the DDH system. To reproduce the action of the system in different circumstances DDH system was run at different ambient temperatures, and the component temperatures in the system were measured and saved for the analysis. The thermo hydraulic model was proven capable to follow the general trend of heating up.

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