Characteristics Analysis of Pneumatic Booster Valve With Energy Recovery

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Kotaro Tadano ◽  
Gangyan Li ◽  
Toshiharu Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
High Energy ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Conservation Equation ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Supply Pressure

Pneumatic booster valve is widely used in local pressure boost circuit for energy saving, a new booster valve with energy recovery (short for BVER) was proposed in this paper in order to further improve the energy efficiency. Firstly, the principle of BVER was introduced by comparing with the traditional booster. Based on flow-rate characteristics equation, gas state equation, energy conservation equation, etc., the mathematics model of BVER was established, and the flow-rate characteristics, boost ratio, pressure in tank and energy efficiency were systematically analyzed by simulation. Lastly, the model was verified by experiments. This study shows that: firstly, the pressure decreased sharply with the flow-rate’s increasing, and the pressure in tank is much lower than in BVER. Secondly, the boost ratio was affected by supply pressure, regulator coefficient and the diameter of recovery chamber. Thirdly, the pressure fluctuation in tank decreases with the tank volume increasing, and the pressure fluctuation is less than 1% when tank volume is larger than 10L. Lastly, the energy efficiency will increase 5∼10 percent with the boost ratio increases 15∼25 percent under different supply pressure. This study proves that BVER has better performance than VBA for its high boost ratio and high energy efficiency, and it provides a reference for booster valve’s design and energy saving.

scholarly journals Dimensionless Analysis on the Characteristics of Pneumatic Booster Valve with Energy Recovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Kotaro Tadano ◽  
Gangyan Li ◽  
Toshiharu Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Air Power ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Dimensionless Analysis ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Save Energy

Factories are increasingly reducing their air supply pressures in order to save energy. Hence, there is a growing demand for pneumatic booster valves to overcome the local pressure deficits in modern pneumatic systems. To further improve energy efficiency, a new type of booster valve with energy recovery (BVER) is proposed. The BVER principle is presented in detail, and a dimensionless mathematical model is established based on flow rate, gas state, and energy conservation. The mathematics model was transformed into a dimensionless model by accurately selecting the reference values. Subsequently the dimensionless characteristics of BVER were found. BVER energy efficiency is calculated based on air power. The boost ratio is found to be mainly affected by the operational parameters. Among the structural ones, the recovery/boost chamber area ratio and the sonic conductance of the chambers are the most influential. The boost ratio improves by 15%–25% compared to that of a booster valve without an energy recovery chamber. The efficiency increases by 5%–10% depending on the supply pressure. A mathematical model is validated by experiment, and this research provides a reference for booster valve optimisation and energy saving.

scholarly journals A Study on Energy-Saving Technologies Optimization towards Nearly Zero Energy Educational Buildings in Four Major Climatic Regions of China

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Yahui Du
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Energy ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Saving Rate ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Educational Buildings

An educational building is a kind of public building with a high density of occupants and high energy consumption. Energy-saving technology utilization is an effective measure to achieve high-performance buildings. However, numerous studies are greatly limited to practical application due to their strong regional pertinence and technical simplicity. This paper aims to further optimize various commonly used technologies on the basis of the current national standards, and to individually establish four recommended technology selection systems corresponding to four major climatic regions for realizing nearly zero energy educational buildings (nZEEBs) in China. An educational building was selected as the case study. An evaluation index of energy-saving contribution rate (ECR) was proposed for measuring the energy efficiency of each technology. Thereafter, high energy efficiency technologies were selected and implemented together in the four basic cases representing different climatic regions. The results showed that the total energy-saving rate in severe cold regions increased by 70.74% compared with current national standards, and about 60% of the total energy-saving rate can be improved in cold regions. However, to realize nZEEBs in hot summer and cold winter regions as well as in hot summer and warm winter regions, photovoltaic (PV) technology needs to be further supplemented.

Energy Saving in Pilger Mill Electric Drives Complete Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Usynin ◽  
Dmitry Sychev ◽  
Nikita Savosteenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
Reluctance Machine ◽  
Drive Control

This paper considers issues related to increasing energy efficiency in electric drives of pilger rolling mills, presenting kinematics of such mills, provides justification for the general load chart, presents the detailed review of reference materials on technical energy saving solutions, and suggests a math model of an electric drive with a field regulated reluctance machine. The paper suggests key methods of saving energy in electric drives of pilger mills, namely: kinematic scheme improvement; main energy drainers and ways of energy loss reduction in electric drives with direct- and alternate-current motors, energy-saving electric drive control profiles. The article compares energy-saving resources in electric drives with various-type motors (direct-current motors, synchronous motors, and field regulated reluctance machine), clarifies the scheme of energy-saving resource implementation, provides the qualitative evaluation of electric drive control method efficiency. The accent is made on high energy efficiency of the proportionate control of armature and excitation circuits and across the range of torque in electric drives of abruptly-variable-load mills. The highest economic effect is reached in the electric drive with a field regulated reluctance machine – by means of implementing the energy-efficient electromechanical converter and applying energy-saving control profiles.

The Issues of Energy Efficiency of Buildings for Agricultural Purposes

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Fedosov ◽  
Vadim N. Fedoseev ◽  
Ludmila A. Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Cost

The current problem of ensuring energy saving and improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures for agricultural purposes is identified. The geopolitical situation, import substitution programs and agricultural development programs set the task of developing domestic vegetable production, which in its turn requires the construction of new vegetable store buildings, as in most regions of Russia the harvest is collected once a year. In this regard, the current task is to ensure the energy conservation and achieve high energy efficiency of the vegetable store buildings. Energy saving is the basic technology for creating effective agriculture. The purpose of the study is to analyse the requirements for insulation materials for buildings and vegetable store facilities, taking into account energy efficiency and life cycle cost. The authors analysed the criteria for choosing a heater for the vegetable stores: low coefficient of thermal conductivity, water absorption, sorption humidity, frost resistance, biostability, lack of cold bridges, long service life. It is proposed to supplement the criteria for choosing a building insulation with the characteristics of the life cycle cost and the service life. Design and construction of agricultural buildings is proposed to be implemented using the concepts of BLC and BIM, the use of which gives an opportunity to design buildings with optimal energy efficiency parameters and take into account the cost of the life cycle. The cost of the buildings life cycle is the main of all the performance indicators when comparing alternative design options that differ by the application of advanced technologies and material resources and the contractors' offers when concluding contracts not only for purchase, but for servicing the subject of trades during its service life. The conclusions are made about the advantages of using foamed polyethylene foam for warming vegetable store buildings, as well as the conclusion about the expediency of adding criteria determining the sustainable development of the human environment, namely life cycle cost, service life, recycling ability. The formula for calculating the cost of the buildings life cycle, adapted to the specificity of buildings for agricultural purposes, is given.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Experimental Studies of a Digital Flow Booster Operating at High Pressures and Flow Rates

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Yuan ◽  
Vinrea Lim Mao Lung ◽  
Andrew Plummer ◽  
Min Pan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Fluid Power ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Flow Rates

The switched inertance hydraulic converter (SIHC) is a new technology providing an alternative to conventional proportional or servo-valve-controlled systems in the area of fluid power. SIHCs can adjust or control flow and pressure by means of using digital control signals that do not rely on throttling the flow and dissipation of power, and provide hydraulic systems with high-energy efficiency, flexible control, and insensitivity to contamination. In this article, the analytical models of an SIHC in a three-port flow-booster configuration were used and validated at high operating pressure, with the low- and high-pressure supplies of 30 and 90 bar and a high delivery flow rate of 21 L/min. The system dynamics, flow responses, and power consumption were investigated and theoretically and experimentally validated. Results were compared to previous results achieved using low operating pressures, where low- and high-pressure supplies were 20 and 30 bar, and the delivery flow rate was 7 L/min. We concluded that the analytical models could effectively predict SIHC performance, and higher operating pressures and flow rates could result in system uncertainties that need to be understood well. As high operating pressure or flow rate is a common requirement in hydraulic systems, this constitutes an important contribution to the development of newly switched inertance hydraulic converters and the improvement of fluid-power energy efficiency.

scholarly journals An ex Situ Underground Coal Gasification Experiment with a Siderite Interlayer. Course of the Process, Production Gas, Temperatures and Energy Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Wiatowski ◽  
Krzysztof Kapusta ◽  
Jacek Nowak ◽  
Marcin Szyja ◽  
Wioleta Basa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Process Gas

Abstract A 72-hour ex situ hard coal gasification test in one large block of coal was carried out. The gasifying agent was oxygen with a constant flow rate of 4.5 Nm3/h. The surroundings of coal were simulated with wet sand with 11% moisture content. A 2-cm interlayer of siderite was placed in the horizontal cut of the coal block. As a result of this process, gas with an average flow rate of 12.46 Nm3/h was produced. No direct influence of siderite on the gasification process was observed; however, measurements of CO2 content in the siderite interlayer before and after the process allowed to determine the location of high-temperature zones in the reactor. The greatest influence on the efficiency of the gasification process was exerted by water contained in wet sand. At the high temperature that prevailed in the reactor, this water evaporated and reacted with the incandescent coal, producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This reaction contributed to the relatively high calorific value of the resulting process gas, averaging 9.41 MJ/kmol, and to the high energy efficiency of the whole gasification process, which amounted to approximately 70%.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION OF THE ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF THE UNIVERSITY KNOWLEDGE HUB

Management ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Оlena Nifatova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. Energy efficiency and energy saving are the priority direction of science, technology and engineering development in Ukraine. The policy of energy saving, carried out all over the world, is directed to all branches and scientific researches in all spheres. The big consumer of energy resources is the higher school. Updating of normative-legal and technical base aimed at design and operation of buildings with low energy consumption and high energy efficiency class shows the necessity of short-term solution of the problem. At the same time, there is a lack of a systemic view of energy efficiency, which does not allow evaluating the level of energy costs throughout the life cycle of higher education institutions, which shows the need to find effective solutions to the problem.METHODS. Multiple regression equation was used to assess the influence of factors on electricity consumption and energy efficiency of Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed.FINDINGS. As a result it was found out that the data of electricity consumption do not obey the law of normal distribution, so it is difficult to build an accurate prediction of electricity consumption. The use of HAB knowledge on energy efficiency allowed a more qualitative analysis and highlighted the main factors affecting electricity consumption. The university has unregulated central heating, individual air conditioning systems, and central and individual lighting. In this regard, we selected the following main factors: average outdoor air temperature, average duration of daylight hours, heating period, average number of people working per day, during the month to conduct energy monitoring and energy audit of university buildings.CONCLUSION. Implementation of suggested scheme of structural organization of typical system of automatic accounting of university energy consumption on the basis of university HUB of energy efficiency knowledge: server, allowing to collect, store and process data; routers by means of various wire and wireless communication technologies; hubs, installed on the objects of energy consumption; workstations, which are personal computers with installed software of used HUB will allow to optimize energy consumption.

scholarly journals Performance of Microbial Reverse-Electrodialysis Cells for Power Generation at Different External Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212096008
Author(s):  
Agus Jatnika Effendi ◽  
Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Syafrudin ◽  
Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan ◽  
Candra Purnawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Electrodialysis Cell

In this study, the effect of external resistance on the microbial reverse-electrodialysis cell (MRC) performance using organic-rich wastewater as an electron donor was examined. The optimum of external resistance was determined to be 300 Ω. In such condition, the power density of 1.53 ± 0.198 W/m2, substrate removal of 52 ± 2.3%, Coulombic efficiency of 70 ± 2.6%, energy recovery of 3.0 ± 0.4%, and energy efficiency of 53 ± 7.1% were obtained in the MRC. The differences in power density at different external resistances were mainly due to the changes in internal resistance and ion flux efficiency in the MRC. The external resistance affected substrate removal and Coulombic efficiency through the length of batch cycle time, and current density exchanged as well as the Tafel slope. Furthermore, the proper external resistance applied to the reactor created high power production; thus, high energy efficiency and energy recovery were achieved. These results demonstrated that selecting proper external resistance was an essential key for a successful MRC operational.

scholarly journals Field Test and Analysis of Energy-Saving Effects of Energy-Recovery Ventilators on Heat-Pump Electricity Consumption in a Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2069
Author(s):  
Jae-Sol Choi ◽  
Eui-Jong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Actual System ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Saving Rates

Energy-recovery ventilators (ERVs) are regarded as important energy-saving systems in buildings. It has been reported that they have high energy-saving rates compared with conventional ventilators that operate without energy recovery, but the saving rates have been obtained typically by employing chamber tests and simulations. In this work, a field-test method is proposed that uses a single test room but alternates the tested ventilation modes hourly. This proposed method is useful because an additional comparison room is not always available and can be a source of uncertainty for field tests. The test is performed in a classroom during a heating period, and the results are calibrated to account for different experimental conditions during the test period. The calibrated energy-saving rates indicate the effectiveness of the ERV; however, they are lower in the early hours of the system operation, for two reasons: (1) the maximum power control schemes of the heat pumps are applied for cases where the indoor temperatures are far lower than the set-point temperature; (2) the ventilation load seemingly represents a decreasing proportion of the total heating load in early hours owing to the thermal-capacity effects for the building, which was cooled for many hours. The findings are verified via a chamber test and simulations. As a consequence, it is important to account for actual system characteristics affected by the thermal behaviors of classrooms when the overall performance of a system is evaluated.

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