scholarly journals Subclinical Hypothyroidism in PCOS: Impact on Presentation, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Risk

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Yu ◽  
Jin-Bei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorder ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Aim of Study. To assess status of thyroid function and thyroid disorders particularly subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in subjects with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and impact of SCH on various clinical and biochemical parameters and cardiovascular risk in PCOS.Methods. Hundred females diagnosed with PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria and 100 normal controls were recruited and were subjected to elaborate anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessment.Results. Notable findings included significantly higher frequency of subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism (p=0.0002), autoimmune thyroiditis (p<0.001), and goitre (p=0.02) in polycystic ovarian syndrome subjects compared to control subjects. Further SCH PCOS subjects were found to harbor significantly higher HOMA-IR (p<0.05) and frequency of subjects with dyslipidemia (p<0.05) compared to both euthyroid PCOS and euthyroid control subjects. Though frequency of subjects with cardiovascular risk factors was higher in SCH PCOS group than euthyroid PCOS group, it failed to reach statistical significance.Conclusion. We concluded that PCOS is associated with high incidence of SCH and AIT compared to normal population and SCH poses increased risk of cardiovascular disorder in PCOS.

scholarly journals Lipid Accumulation Product as a Marker of Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome- A Hospital Based Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshni H Babu ◽  
Rakhi S Nair ◽  
Neelima Chakrapani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Lipid Accumulation Product ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent gynaecological endocrinopathy characterised mainly by anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Women with PCOS are at higher risk of developing Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) due to a number of risk factors associated with this disease. Obesity, especially central adipose tissue accumulation, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of this disease. Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is a simple, inexpensive index to estimate cardiovascular risk and is based on fasting triglyceride and Waist Circumference (WC). Aim: To find out the association between LAP and cardiovascular risk factors in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Department of Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Study subjects included 48 women with PCOS and 48 age and Body Mass Index (BMI) matched controls. Clinical and demographic data and medical history were evaluated. Duration of the study was six months. Anthropometric measurements, Blood Pressure (BP) and biochemical parameters like Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), lipid profile were recorded. LAP was calculated using the formula-Female LAP= {waist (cm) -58} × Triglyceride (TG) concentration (mmol/L). The quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Comparison of continuous variables between two groups was analysed by unpaired t-test. Categorical variables were analysed by Chi-square test. Correlations between continuous variables were tested using the Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation coefficient (r) analysis. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Variables which were statistically significant in univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that the PCOS group had significantly higher WC than BMI matched control group. PCOS group had significantly higher mean TG level (p<0.05), mean FPG level (p<0.05) and lower mean High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level (p<0.05) than the control group. LAP value (p<0.001) was significantly higher in PCOS group compared to control group. The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) was higher in women with PCOS. LAP values too were significantly higher in PCOS women with MetS. All CVD risk parameters except age showed a significant relationship with LAP values. Multiple linear regression model was done and LAP (p<0.001) was found to be an independent risk factor for CVD, adjusting for other factors. Conclusion: The study results shows that there is a significant association between LAP and cardiovascular risk markers. High LAP index is associated with cardiovascular risk markers in PCOS women irrespective of obesity.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in Erbil city

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Nishtiman Mohammed Saleh ◽  
◽  
Yousif Baha`addin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common endocrine disorder of women during reproductive age, associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Objective: To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with the polycystic ovarian syndrome in comparison to age-matched control. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional studyis conducted in Erbil city fromSeptember 2020 to January 2021. It included 40 cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome and 40 cases of healthy controls. Participants underwent detailed history, physical examination. Laboratory investigations (blood sugar, lipid profile, serum testosterone and serum prolactin) and pelvic ultrasound were done for them. Data analysis was performed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Results: Women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome have a higher proportion to obesity, abnormal blood sugar, and dyslipidemia, they have higher rate of menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenic state and hirsutism, than age-matched control. The risk for hypertension remains the same for both PCOS and the control group. Conclusion: The proportion of obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia is higher in Polycystic ovarian syndrome than the control group. Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, diabetes mellitus, heart disease

Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Sub-fertile Woman Attending to GOPD in ShSMCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Jinnat Ara Islam ◽  
Fatema Ashraf ◽  
Eva Rani Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fertile Women

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition characterized by menstrual abnormalities (oligo/amenorrhea) and clinical or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism and may manifest at any age. It is a common cause of female subfertility. All the dimensions of PCOS have not been yet completely explored. Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study carried out at-GOPD of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital from January, 2016 to December 2016 on 162 subfertile women. Among them 54 were PCOS group and 108 were non PCOS group. PCOS was diagnosed by (Rotterdam criteria 2003) (i) Oligo or anovulation (ii) hyperandrogenism (iii) Polycystic ovaries. Study was done to evaluate and compare the demographic characteristics, clinical, biochemical and ultrasoundgraphic features of sub-fertile women with and without PCOS. Results: A total of 162 sub-fertile women aged 16-36 years. Mean age was 29.5±5.4. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of (oligo/amenorrhea), hirsutism, WHR and ovarian ultrasound features. There were no significant differences between two groups in correlations between the level of obesity with the incidence of anovulation, hyperandrogenism or with hormonal features. Conclusion: PCOS is one of the important factors causing Infertility. It is an ill-defined symptom complex needed due attention. There is a need to increase awareness regarding. The clinical features of PCOS are heterogenous thus can be investigated accordingly of selection of appropriate treatment modality. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 17-23

scholarly journals Melanoma is associated with an increased risk of bullous pemphigoid: a large population-based longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalaf Kridin ◽  
Jennifer E. Hundt ◽  
Ralf J. Ludwig ◽  
Kyle T. Amber ◽  
Dana Tzur Bitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractThe association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and melanoma is yet to be investigated. We aimed to assess assess the bidirectional association between BP and melanoma and to delineate the epidemiological features of patients with both diagnoses. A population-based cohort study was performed comparing BP patients (n = 3924) with age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched control subjects (n = 19,280) with regard to incident cases of melanoma. A case–control design was additionally adopted to estimate the risk of BP in individuals with a preexisting diagnosis of melanoma. The prevalence of preexisting melanoma was higher in patients with BP than in control subjects (1.5% vs. 1.0%, respectively; P = 0.004). A history of melanoma confers a 50% increase in the risk of subsequent BP (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.14–2.06). This risk was higher among males (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.09–2.54) and individuals older than 80 years (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.11–2.38), and persisted after adjustment for multiple putative confounders including PD-1/PDL-1 antagonists (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.14–2.06). Conversely, the risk of melanoma among patients with BP was slightly elevated, but did not reach the level of statistical significance (adjusted HR 1.13; 95% CI 0.73–1.74). Patients with a dual diagnosis of BP and melanoma were older at the onset of BP and had lower body mass index. A history of melanoma is associated with a 50% increase in the incidence of subsequent BP. Physicians managing patients with both conditions should be aware of this association. Further research is warranted to reveal the underlying mechanism of these findings.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Complications in Women with PCOS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

The Polycystic ovarian syndrome affects 6-15 % of reproductive age women worldwide. And recently the changing life styles and rising obesity worldwide have contributed to a rise in the incidence of PCOS. Though there are many issues with PCOS post conception. PCOS women are at increased risk of early pregnancy loss which is approx. three fold as compared to the women without PCOS. After successfully crossing the first trimester, they are at risk of developing pre- eclampsia, GDM, preterm birth and birth of small for gestational age infant. Also higher incidence of multiple pregnancies is there and the risks associated with them. All these leading to higher rate of c -section delivery. So, proper understanding of these risks, informing and counseling the patients regarding them facilitate closer maternal and fetal surveillance and help improving the outcome of pregnancy.

Abstract 631: Evaluation of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor M Rocha ◽  
Maria Guadalupe B Pippa
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease

Backgroung: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, that appear to be responsible for 50% of mortality for thrombotic events such as Myocardial Infarction (MI) and Ischemic Stroke (SI) in RA patients. Occur approximately a decade earlier in these patients compared with the normal population. Objectives: To determine the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis according to the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Methods: To assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases we studied 78 patients diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis. For this we used the criteria of the risk score of Acute Coronary Disease in 10 years according to the Framingham Heart Study. A control group consisted of 21 patients with osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia was also assessed using the same criteria, where age, sex, systolic blood pressure values, total cholesterol, cholesterol HDL, presence of smoking and diagnosis of diabetes, were scored. Results: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a mean disease duration of 12.8 years (SD=7.4), age 58.6 years (SD=10.3) and the control group 59.3 years (SD=10,0). The old values of total cholesterol, HDL, blood pressure and being with Diabetes Mellitus showed positive correlations with the Cardiovascular Risk, and Blood Pressure in the index this correlation was stronger (r=+0.593) in Rheumatoid Arthritis and age (r=+0.702) in the control group. The Global Cardiovascular Risk in each group were considered low (7,8 points to Rematoid Artrhrits and 9,3 points to the control group). Conclusion: The results showed no increased risk of cardiovascular disease when compared to control group. Remember that control group fact be constituted by a larger number of diabetics, which likely impact these results.

Association between depression risk and polycystic ovarian syndrome in young women: a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study (1998–2013)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1830-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomor Harnod ◽  
Weishan Chen ◽  
Jen-Hung Wang ◽  
Shinn-Zong Lin ◽  
Dah-Ching Ding
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women associated with the increasing incidence of depression in an East Asian population? SUMMARY ANSWER Younger PCOS patients (aged 15–29 years), but not middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression in Taiwan. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY During reproductive age, 6–10% of women have PCOS. Among them, ~40% experience depression, mostly at young ages. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a retrospective population-based cohort study analysing depression risk in Taiwanese women using data from a nationwide database containing 1998–2013 data of nearly 1 million people. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We included 15- to 50-year-old women newly diagnosed with PCOS during 1998–2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the PCOS cohort (n = 7684) and then randomly matched them 4 : 1 by sex, age and index year with women without PCOS as the comparison cohort (n = 30 736). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to determine the association between PCOS and depression risk [hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)]. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The incidence of depression was higher in the PCOS group than in the comparison group (6.67 vs. 4.82 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12–1.46). PCOS patients aged 15–29 years had a significantly higher depression risk (adjusted HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.18–1.65); no such significant association was noted among patients aged 30–39 years and 40–50 years. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A history of malignancy, which may increase depression, could not be obtained for our study patients. Moreover, we could not obtain a family history of depression, a relevant risk factor for depression. Finally, the database has no records of body mass index, which may influence depression outcome. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS In Taiwan, younger PCOS patients (15–29 years), but not the middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression. Our findings provide vital information to patients, clinicians, the Taiwan Government and other developing Asian countries to improve the PCOS treatment strategies in the future. Routine screening for depression in PCOS patients may be implemented into the health practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported in part by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial Center (MOHW108-TDU-B-212-133 004), China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Stroke Biosignature Project (BM10701010021), MOST Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke (MOST 107-2321-B-039 -004-), Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan and Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan. No competing interest existed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.

scholarly journals 2021 European Thyroid Association Guideline on Thyroid Disorders prior to and during Assisted Reproduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Kris Poppe ◽  
Peter Bisschop ◽  
Laura Fugazzola ◽  
Gesthimani Minziori ◽  
David Unuane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Serum Tsh

Severe thyroid dysfunction may lead to menstrual disorders and subfertility. Fertility problems may persist even after restoring normal thyroid function, and then an assisted reproductive technology (ART) may be a solution. Prior to an ART treatment, ovarian stimulation is performed, leading to high oestradiol levels, which may lead to hypothyroidism in women with thyroid autoimmunity (TAI), necessitating levothyroxine (LT4) supplements before pregnancy. Moreover, women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome and idiopathic subfertility have a higher prevalence of TAI. Women with hypothyroidism treated with LT4 prior to ART should have a serum TSH level &#x3c;2.5 mIU/L. Subfertile women with hyperthyroidism planning an ART procedure should be informed of the increased risk of maternal and foetal complications, and euthyroidism should be restored and maintained for several months prior to an ART treatment. Fertilisation rates and embryo quality may be impaired in women with TSH &#x3e;4.0 mIU/L and improved with LT4 therapy. In meta-analyses that mainly included women with TSH levels &#x3e;4.0 mIU/L, LT4 treatment increased live birth rates, but that was not the case in 2 recent interventional studies in euthyroid women with TAI. The importance of the increased use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection as a type of ART on pregnancy outcomes in women with TAI deserves more investigation. For all of the above reasons, women of subfertile couples should be screened routinely for the presence of thyroid disorders.

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