scholarly journals Rapid and Accurate Identification of Adulterants via an Electronic Nose and DNA Identification Platform: Identification of Fake Velvet Antlers as an Example

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Guojie Xu ◽  
Chunsheng Liu ◽  
Caili Liao ◽  
Xiaolei Ren ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Dna Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Identification Rate

Background.Adulterants in Chinese medicines had always affected the efficacy of Chinese medicines and resulted in safety problems in drug use. We aimed to take the identification of fake velvet antlers as an example for establishment of a rapid and accurate identification platform for modern pharmaceutical companies and markets of Chinese medicine.Methods.In this study, we developed a novel electronic nose and DNA identification platform for identifying fake velvet antlers. Electronic nose was designed for rapid screening, while accurate identification based on DNA method was performed when electronic nose fails to accurately identify some complex samples.Results.Rapid identification of different velvet antlers based on electronic nose showed the good identification power, while accurate identification based on DNA sequencing technology demonstrated a correct identification rate of 100%. We also mined thirty conserved specific sites of fake velvet antlers, which was useful for further work.Conclusions.The results suggested that electronic nose and DNA identification platform was effective for rapid and accurate identification of fake velvet antlers. It highly improved efficiency and decreased cost of identification and could provide a new sight and inspiration for identification in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

scholarly journals Characterization of enterococci of animal and environmental origin using phenotypic methods and comparison with PCR based methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brtkova ◽  
M. Filipova ◽  
H. Drahovska ◽  
H. Bujdakova
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Enterococcal Species ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
Its Pcr

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the discriminatory power of <I>ddl</I>-PCR (D-alanin-D-alanin ligase PCR) and ITS-PCR (Internal Transcribed Spacer PCR) for accurate identification of enterococcal species in comparison with phenotypic assays. Results confirm previous published data that <I>ddl-</I>PCR simple approach allows rapid identification of two the most frequently isolated spp. <I>E. faecalis</I> and <I>E. faecium</I>. When identification points towards other enterococci then that mentioned above, the ITS-PCR seems to be suitable complementary assay. Correct identification of enterococci to species level is important because of different spp. susceptibility to some clinically important antibiotics. For example, it is necessary to distinquish acquired vancomycin resistance from inherent one that is less epidemiologically important. Additionally, both methods can be valuable in epidemiological studies following enterococcus resistance gene transfer within human population.

scholarly journals Two Chinese medicine species constants and the accurate identification of Chinese medicines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huabin zou
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Common Peak ◽  
Theory Equation ◽  
Ancient Times

AbstractSince the ancient times, all over the world, the identification of herbal medicines have to be based on empirical knowledge. In this article two species constants of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) were discovered relying on the maximum information states of Dual index information theory equation, or common heredity and variation information theory. The two species constants, common peak ratios Pg = 61% and Pg = 70%, which corresponding to symmetry and asymmetry variation states, respectively, were used as two absolute quantitative criteria to identify complex biology systems-TCM. Considered the influences of many other factors on components and experiment processes, the practical theoretical identification standards should be established Pg≧58~64% and Pg≧67~73%, within the relativeerror within −3% and + 3% of information value around the maximum information states. Combining the maximum number of effective sample optimum method with this two theoretical standards, the optimized classification of a TCM sample set can be carried out correctly. 42 samples belonging to four species of combination Chinese medicines were tested. The infrared (IR) fingerprint spectra (FPS) of their powder were measured and analyzed by means of the approach provided above. Among the six pairs of four Chinese medicine species, five of them follow the species constant Pg=61%, one of them obeys the Pg = 70%. The correct recognition ratio of samples was 95.2%, and that of species was 100%.

scholarly journals Identification of weed seeds in soil samples intercepted at the New Zealand border

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
P.D. Champion ◽  
C.A. Dowsett ◽  
M.R. McNeill ◽  
G.J. Houliston
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Dna Identification ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Source Plant ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Identification of weed seeds from overseas countries can be problematic particularly when diagnostic tools are lacking or incomplete A well trained seed analyst will usually be able to identify seed to generic level but not always to the species level Resources for identification of mature plants are usually more complete Using a seed germination method for intercepted soil samples achieved two goals; it provided an easier route to identification and a measure of viable seed The drawback of this method is the need to grow the plants through to flowering DNA identification is an emerging method for more rapid identification but it relies on availability of matching sequences in an existing database and validation of source plant identification with reliable voucher specimens The limitations and advantages of both techniques are discussed and ways in which timely and accurate identification can be provided for biosecurity practitioners are suggested

scholarly journals Yeast Species Associated with Orange Juice: Evaluation of Different Identification Methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1955-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Covadonga R. Arias ◽  
Jacqueline K. Burns ◽  
Lorrie M. Friedrich ◽  
Renee M. Goodrich ◽  
Mickey E. Parish
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Restriction Pattern ◽  
Partial Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Classical Methodology ◽  
26S Rrna

ABSTRACT Five different methods were used to identify yeast isolates from a variety of citrus juice sources. A total of 99 strains, including reference strains, were identified using a partial sequence of the 26S rRNA gene, restriction pattern analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (5.8S-ITS), classical methodology, the RapID Yeast Plus system, and API 20C AUX. Twenty-three different species were identified representing 11 different genera. Distribution of the species was considerably different depending on the type of sample. Fourteen different species were identified from pasteurized single-strength orange juice that had been contaminated after pasteurization (PSOJ), while only six species were isolated from fresh-squeezed, unpasteurized orange juice (FSOJ). Among PSOJ isolates, Candida intermedia and Candida parapsilosis were the predominant species. Hanseniaspora occidentalis and Hanseniaspora uvarum represented up to 73% of total FSOJ isolates. Partial sequence of the 26S rRNA gene yielded the best results in terms of correct identification, followed by classical techniques and 5.8S-ITS analysis. The commercial identification kits RapID Yeast Plus system and API 20C AUX were able to correctly identify only 35 and 13% of the isolates, respectively. Six new 5.8S-ITS profiles were described, corresponding to Clavispora lusitaniae, Geotrichum citri-aurantii, H. occidentalis, H. vineae, Pichia fermentans, and Saccharomycopsis crataegensis. With the addition of these new profiles to the existing database, the use of 5.8S-ITS sequence became the best tool for rapid and accurate identification of yeast isolates from orange juice.

scholarly journals Intelligent Method for Identifying Driving Risk Based on V2V Multisource Big Data

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshuan Peng ◽  
Yiming Shao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Bayesian Filter ◽  
Identification Rate

Risky driving behavior is a major cause of traffic conflicts, which can develop into road traffic accidents, making the timely and accurate identification of such behavior essential to road safety. A platform was therefore established for analyzing the driving behavior of 20 professional drivers in field tests, in which overclose car following and lane departure were used as typical risky driving behaviors. Characterization parameters for identification were screened and used to determine threshold values and an appropriate time window for identification. A neural network-Bayesian filter identification model was established and data samples were selected to identify risky driving behavior and evaluate the identification efficiency of the model. The results obtained indicated a successful identification rate of 83.6% when the neural network model was solely used to identify risky driving behavior, but this could be increased to 92.46% once corrected by the Bayesian filter. This has important theoretical and practical significance in relation to evaluating the efficiency of existing driver assist systems, as well as the development of future intelligent driving systems.

ISSR-Derived Species-Specific SCAR Marker for Rapid and Accurate Authentication of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (02) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Vereena Rodrigues ◽  
Priyanka Mishra ◽  
Kuppusamy Baskaran ◽  
Ashutosh Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Ocimum Tenuiflorum ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Ocimum tenuiflorum has been widely used in traditional medicine and has high medicinal value. High volume trade of this potential medicinal plant species led to unscrupulous adulteration of both crude drugs as well as formulations. Morphology-based authentication is difficult in cases of incomplete or damaged samples and in dried herbal materials. In such cases, PCR-based molecular methods may aid in accurate identification. The present study aimed at developing species-specific DNA marker(s) for the authentication of O. tenuiflorum. A species-specific amplicon (279 bp) generated through an inter-simple sequence repeat marker (UBC 835) in all individuals of O. tenuiflorum was cloned, sequenced, and a primer pair was developed (designated as CIM-OT-835F/CIM-OT-835R). The newly developed sequence characterized amplified region marker was validated through PCR amplification in all available seven species of Ocimum, and its specificity for O. tenuiflorum was confirmed with the consistent generation of an amplicon of 177 bp. The developed marker can be used for accurate and rapid identification of the species for certification purposes and will be useful in quality control of medicinal preparations containing this important medicinal species.

scholarly journals Nanopore sequencing provides rapid and reliable insight into microbial profiles of Intensive Care Units

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Marcelino Viana de Siqueira ◽  
Felipe Marcelo Pereira-dos-Santos ◽  
Rafael Silva-Rocha ◽  
Maria-Eugenia Guazzaroni
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
Insight Into

Fast and accurate identification of pathogens is an essential task in healthcare settings. Next generation sequencing platforms such as Illumina have greatly expanded the capacity with which different organisms can be detected in hospital samples, and third-generation nanopore-driven sequencing devices such as Oxford Nanopore's minION have recently emerged as ideal sequencing platforms for routine healthcare surveillance due to their long-read capacity and high portability. Despite its great potential, protocols and analysis pipelines for nanopore sequencing are still being extensively validated. In this work, we assess the ability of nanopore sequencing to provide reliable community profiles based on 16S rRNA sequencing in comparison to traditional Illumina platforms using samples collected from Intensive Care Units from a hospital in Brazil. While our results point that lower throughputs may be a shortcoming of the method in more complex samples, we show that the use of single-use Flongle flowcells in nanopore sequencing runs can provide insightful information on the community composition in healthcare settings.

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