scholarly journals Two Chinese medicine species constants and the accurate identification of Chinese medicines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huabin zou
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Common Peak ◽  
Theory Equation ◽  
Ancient Times

AbstractSince the ancient times, all over the world, the identification of herbal medicines have to be based on empirical knowledge. In this article two species constants of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) were discovered relying on the maximum information states of Dual index information theory equation, or common heredity and variation information theory. The two species constants, common peak ratios Pg = 61% and Pg = 70%, which corresponding to symmetry and asymmetry variation states, respectively, were used as two absolute quantitative criteria to identify complex biology systems-TCM. Considered the influences of many other factors on components and experiment processes, the practical theoretical identification standards should be established Pg≧58~64% and Pg≧67~73%, within the relativeerror within −3% and + 3% of information value around the maximum information states. Combining the maximum number of effective sample optimum method with this two theoretical standards, the optimized classification of a TCM sample set can be carried out correctly. 42 samples belonging to four species of combination Chinese medicines were tested. The infrared (IR) fingerprint spectra (FPS) of their powder were measured and analyzed by means of the approach provided above. Among the six pairs of four Chinese medicine species, five of them follow the species constant Pg=61%, one of them obeys the Pg = 70%. The correct recognition ratio of samples was 95.2%, and that of species was 100%.

scholarly journals Rapid and Accurate Identification of Adulterants via an Electronic Nose and DNA Identification Platform: Identification of Fake Velvet Antlers as an Example

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Guojie Xu ◽  
Chunsheng Liu ◽  
Caili Liao ◽  
Xiaolei Ren ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Dna Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Identification Rate

Background.Adulterants in Chinese medicines had always affected the efficacy of Chinese medicines and resulted in safety problems in drug use. We aimed to take the identification of fake velvet antlers as an example for establishment of a rapid and accurate identification platform for modern pharmaceutical companies and markets of Chinese medicine.Methods.In this study, we developed a novel electronic nose and DNA identification platform for identifying fake velvet antlers. Electronic nose was designed for rapid screening, while accurate identification based on DNA method was performed when electronic nose fails to accurately identify some complex samples.Results.Rapid identification of different velvet antlers based on electronic nose showed the good identification power, while accurate identification based on DNA sequencing technology demonstrated a correct identification rate of 100%. We also mined thirty conserved specific sites of fake velvet antlers, which was useful for further work.Conclusions.The results suggested that electronic nose and DNA identification platform was effective for rapid and accurate identification of fake velvet antlers. It highly improved efficiency and decreased cost of identification and could provide a new sight and inspiration for identification in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Nano Phytomedicine Based Delivery System for CNS Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 661-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Asadullah Jahangir ◽  
Chettupalli Anand ◽  
Abdul Muheem ◽  
Sadaf Jamal Gilani ◽  
Mohamad Taleuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Herbal Formulations

Herbal medicines are being used since ancient times and are an important part of the alternative and traditional medicinal system. In recent decades, scientists are embracing herbal medicines based on the fact that a number of drugs that are currently in use are derived directly or indirectly from plant sources. Moreover, herbal drugs have lesser side effects, albeit are potentially strong therapeutic agents. The herbal medicine market is estimated to be around US $62 billion globally. Herbal medicine has gained widespread acceptance due to its low toxicity, low cost, ease of accessibility and efficacy in treating difficult diseases. Safety and efficacy are another important factors in the commercialization process of herbal medicines. Nanotechnology has been shown to be potentially effective in improving the bioactivity and bioavailability of herbal medicines. Development of nano-phytomedicines (or by reducing the size of phytomedicine), attaching polymers with phytomedicines and modifying the surface properties of herbal drugs, have increased the solubility, permeability and eventually the bioavailability of herbal formulations. Novel formulations such as niosomes, liposomes, nanospheres, phytosomes etc., can be exploited in this area. This article reviews herbal medicines, which have prominent activity in the Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders and reported nano-phytomedicines based delivery systems.

Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Inflammatory Pain of Arthritis with Herbal Medicines

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jieyu Zuo ◽  
Qin Zheng ◽  
Hui Jian ◽  
Tasha Porttin ◽  
Chanelle Willson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Herbal Medicines

PIOPLE. INFORMATION. DEGRADATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Andrey Varlamov ◽  
Vladimir Rimshin
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Link Information ◽  
The Relationship

Considered the issues of interaction between man and nature. Noted that this interaction is fundamental in the existence of modern civilization. The question of possible impact on nature and society with the aim of preserving the existence of human civilization. It is shown that the study of this issue goes towards the crea-tion of models of interaction between nature and man. Determining when building models is information about the interaction of man and nature. Considered information theory from the viewpoint of interaction between nature and man. Noted that currently information theory developed mainly as a mathematical theory. The issues of interaction of man and nature, the availability and existence of information in the material sys-tem is not studied. Indicates the link information with the energy terms control large flows of energy. For con-sideration of the interaction of man and nature proposed to use the theory of degradation. Graphs are pre-sented of the information in the history of human development. Reviewed charts of population growth. As a prediction it is proposed to use the simplest based on the theory of degradation. Consideration of the behav-ior of these dependencies led to the conclusion about the existence of communication energy and information as a feature of the degradation of energy. It justifies the existence of border life ( including humanity) at the point with maximum information. Shows the relationship of energy and time using potential energy.

scholarly journals Comparative genome analysis revealed gene inversions, boundary expansion and contraction, and gene loss in Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq. chloroplast genome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingting Liu ◽  
Mei Jiang ◽  
Haimei Chen ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Gene Loss ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Complete Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology

AbstractStemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq., commonly known as Baibu, is one of the most popular herbal medicines in Asia. In Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Baibu has multiple authentic sources, and there are many homonym herbs sold as Baibu in the herbal medicine market. The existence of the counterfeits of Baibu brings challenges to its identification. To assist the accurate identification of Baibu, we sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genome of Stemona sessilifolia using next-generation sequencing technology. The genome was 154,039 bp in length, possessing a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a pair of inverted repeats (IRs: 27,094 bp) separating by a large single copy (LSC: 81,950 bp) and a small single copy (SSC: 17,901 bp). A total of 112 unique genes were identified, including 80 protein-coding, 28 transfer RNA, and four ribosomal RNA genes. Besides, 45 tandem, 27 forward, 23 palindromic, and 72 simple sequence repeats were detected in the genome by repeat analysis. Compared with its counterfeits (Asparagus officinalis and Carludovica palmate), we found that IR expansion and SSC contraction events of Stemona sessilifolia resulted in two copies of the rpl22 gene in the IR regions and partial duplication of the ndhF gene in the SSC region. Secondly, an approximately 3-kb-long inversion was identified in the LSC region, leading to the petA and cemA gene presented in the complementary strand of the chloroplast DNA molecule. Comparative analysis revealed some highly variable regions, including trnF-GAA_ndhJ, atpB_rbcL, rps15_ycf1, trnG-UCC_trnR-UCU, ndhF_rpl32. Finally, gene loss events were investigated in the context of phylogenetic relationships. In summary, the complete plastome of Stemona sessilifolia will provide valuable information for the molecular identification of Baibu and assist in elucidating the evolution of Stemona sessilifolia.

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