scholarly journals Multivariate Statistical Analysis as a Supplementary Tool for Interpretation of Variations in Salivary Cortisol Level in Women with Major Depressive Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Dziurkowska ◽  
Marek Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Salivary Cortisol Level

Multivariate statistical analysis is widely used in medical studies as a profitable tool facilitating diagnosis of some diseases, for instance, cancer, allergy, pneumonia, or Alzheimer’s and psychiatric diseases. Taking this in consideration, the aim of this study was to use two multivariate techniques, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), to disclose the relationship between the drugs used in the therapy of major depressive disorder and the salivary cortisol level and the period of hospitalization. The cortisol contents in saliva of depressed women were quantified by HPLC with UV detection day-to-day during the whole period of hospitalization. A data set with 16 variables (e.g., the patients’ age, multiplicity and period of hospitalization, initial and final cortisol level, highest and lowest hormone level, mean contents, and medians) characterizing 97 subjects was used for HCA and PCA calculations. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals that various groups of antidepressants affect at the varying degree the salivary cortisol level. The SSRIs, SNRIs, and the polypragmasy reduce most effectively the hormone secretion. Thus, both unsupervised pattern recognition methods, HCA and PCA, can be used as complementary tools for interpretation of the results obtained by laboratory diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Longitudinal effects of the SSRI paroxetine on salivary cortisol in Major Depressive Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henricus G. Ruhé ◽  
Sharina J. Khoenkhoen ◽  
Koen W. Ottenhof ◽  
Maarten W. Koeter ◽  
Roel J.T. Mocking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Longitudinal Effects

scholarly journals Lymph node pathology using optical spectroscopy in cancer diagnostics

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Isabelle ◽  
N. Stone ◽  
H. Barr ◽  
M. Vipond ◽  
N. Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Optical Spectroscopy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Raman And Infrared Spectroscopy

Raman and infrared spectroscopy are optical spectroscopic techniques that use light scattering (Raman) and light absorption (infrared) to probe the vibrational energy levels of molecules in tissue samples. Using these techniques, one can gain an insight into the biochemical composition of cells and tissues by looking at the spectra produced and comparing them with spectra obtained from standards such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates. As a result of optical spectroscopy being able to measure these biochemical changes, diagnosis of cancer could take place faster than current diagnostic methods, assisting and offering pathologists and cytologists a novel technology in cancer screening and diagnosis.The purpose of this study is to use both spectroscopic techniques, in combination with multivariate statistical analysis tools, to analyze some of the major biochemical and morphological changes taking place during carcinogenesis and metastasis in lymph nodes and to develop a predictive model to correctly differentiate cancerous from benign lymph nodes taken from oesophageal cancer patients.The results of this study showed that Raman and infrared spectroscopy managed to correctly differentiate between cancerous and benign oesophageal lymph nodes with a training performance greater than 94% using principal component analysis (PCA)-fed linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Cancerous nodes had higher nucleic acid but lower lipid and carbohydrate content compared to benign nodes which is indicative of increased cell proliferation and loss of differentiation.With better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and metastasis together with use of multivariate statistical analysis tools, these spectroscopic studies will provide a platform for future development of real-time (in surgery) non-invasive diagnostic tools in medical research.

scholarly journals Step-by-step diagnosis in children with Alagille syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Galina V. Volynets ◽  
A. S. Potapov ◽  
A. K. Gevorkyan ◽  
I. E. Smirnov ◽  
A. V. Nikitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Alagille Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Dominant Disease ◽  
Arteriohepatic Dysplasia ◽  
Step Algorithm

Introduction. Alagille Syndrome (arteriohepatic dysplasia) is the genetically determined, multisystemic autosomal dominant disease characterized by the formation of the pathology of the liver, heart, eyes, kidneys, central nervous system, ear and possessing specific phenotypic characteristics. In connection with this the great importance is belonged to the early diagnosis and timely initiation of the pathogenetic treatment of the disease. Aim. On the base on multivariate statistical analysis of the clinical diagnostic indices to create stepwise algorithm for diagnosis of the of the Alagille syndrome in infants for the timely administration of adjuvant therapy, organization of the monitoring for the patient and to reduce the level of disability. Materials and methods. Under observation there was 21 child (10 boys and 11 girls) with Alagille syndrome, there was performed continuous examination, analysis of the patient history and clinical diagnostic methods at the onset and during the dynamics of the disease. Results. With the aid of the multivariate statistical analysis there were revealed clinical and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of Alagille syndrome in infants, with consequent composition of the step-by-step algorithm of the diagnosis of the disease. There was made an estimation of the severity of the liver dysfunction.

scholarly journals Increased Cortisol Levels in Depression: A Comparative Study Evaluating the Correlation of Hypercortisolemia with Prosocial Coping Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Moica ◽  
Iosif Gabos Grecu ◽  
Gabriela Elena Buicu ◽  
Melinda Ferencz ◽  
Marieta Gabos Grecu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Morning Serum Cortisol ◽  
Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Persons

AbstractObjective: The aim of this paper was to evaluate if depressed patients have an increased level of morning serum cortisol compared to healthy persons and to assess the relation between high levels of cortisol and prosocial coping mechanisms, in the context of Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder. Methods: Morning serum cortisol level was measured in 15 depressed patients hospitalized in First Clinic of Psychiatry Tirgu Mures and in 15 healthy controls. We have analyzed 3 behavioral coping strategies with The Strategic Approach of Coping Scale (SACS): social joining (SJ), seeking social support (SSS) and cautious action (CA). Results: 30 participants were included, the mean value of the cortisol for females was Mcort_female= 16.38 μg/dl and for males Mcort_male= 16.31 μg/dl. Independent sample t test showed that the cortisol level in depressed group was higher than the cortisol level in the control group: t = 2.394, p < 0.05 (0.024). In the MDD group the Spearman correlation between the level of serum cortisol and prosocial coping strategies was: rcortisol-SJ= -0.519; rcortisol-SSS= -0.107; rcortisol-CA= -0.382. Conclusions: Although the studied sample patient was small, we can conclude that the patients with Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder have an increased level of morning serum cortisol compared to healthy persons. In these patients there is an inverse correlation between the increased levels of morning cortisol and the frequency of use of the effective prosocial coping strategies, particularly the social joining type.

scholarly journals Morning cortisol as a risk factor for subsequent major depressive disorder in adult women

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Harris ◽  
S. Borsanyi ◽  
S. Messari ◽  
K. Stanford ◽  
S. E. Cleary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Morning Cortisol

BackgroundWhether individual differences in cortisol contribute to subsequent major depressive disorder (MDD) is unknown.AimsTo determine whether premorbid levels of salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were associated with subsequent MDD and how these related to psychosocial factors known to increase the risk for MDD.MethodAdult women (n=116) were recruited from general practices. None was currently depressed; 83 were ‘psychosocially vulnerable’ to MDD, 33 were not. Salivary steroids (cortisol and DHEA at 08.00 h and 20.00 h), recent life events, current mood and social support were assessed at entry. Onset of MDD was recorded during 13 months' follow-up.ResultsThere were no associations between salivary cortisol or DHEA and recent life events or vulnerability. Twenty-eight onsets of MDD occurred during the follow-up period. This was associated with: severe adverse life events and difficulties during the follow-up period; mean morning cortisol levels at entry; and the presence of any of three vulnerability factors.ConclusionsIndividual differences in morning salivary cortisol levels may represent an independent risk factor for subsequent MDD. The origin of these differences in cortisol is not yet understood.

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