scholarly journals Structural, Optical, Electrical, and Magnetic Properties of PVA:Gd3+ and PVA:Ho3+ Polymer Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Obula Reddy ◽  
B. Chandra Babu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Magnetic Characteristic ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Ferromagnetic Nature ◽  
Solution Casting Method

Polymer films of PVA:Gd3+ and PVA:Ho3+ have been synthesized by a solution casting method in order to study their structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. The semicrystalline nature of the polymer films has been confirmed from XRD analysis. The FTIR analysis confirms the complex formation of the polymer with the metal ions. Dielectric studies of these films have also been carried out at various set temperatures in the frequency from 100 Hz to 1 MHz for carrying out impedance spectroscopy analysis to evaluate the electrical conductivity which arises due to a single conduction mechanism and thus to have a single semicircle pattern from these polymer films. The DC electrical conductivity increases with an increase in the temperature and it could be due to high mobility of free charges (polarons and free ions) at higher temperatures. The conductivity trend follows the Arrhenius equation for PVA:Gd3+ and for PVA:Ho3+ polymer films. PVA:Gd3+ polymer films show ferromagnetic nature, and PVA:Ho3+ polymer films have revealed paramagnetic nature based on the trends noticed in the magnetic characteristic profiles.

scholarly journals Structural, Dielectric, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Ti3+, Cr3+, and Fe3+: PVDF Polymer Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Obula Reddy ◽  
L. Raja Mohan Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Dissipation Factor ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Ferromagnetic Nature ◽  
Solution Casting Method

Highly transparent and very clear nature of PVDF: Ti3+, PVDF: Cr3+, and PVDF: Fe3+ polymer films of good quality have been synthesized by employing solution casting method. XRD profiles have confirmed semicrystalline structures in α-, β-, and γ-PVDF phases. IR spectra have confirmed these findings and revealed some structural defects such as monofluorinated alkenes. Emission spectra reveal that PVDF: Ti3+ has a blue emission, PVDF: Cr3+ has blue emission, and PVDF: Fe3+  red emission was observed. The conductivity and dielectric measurements have also been carried out as function of frequency and temperature changes. Due to the presence of the transition metal ions in these films, significant improvement in the ionic conductivity has been noticed. The dielectric behaviors of these films have been analyzed using dielectric permittivity (ε1), dissipation factor (tan δ), and impedance spectra (Z1 and Z11). VSM measurements have confirmed that the PVDF: Ti3+ exhibits antiferromagnetic nature, PVDF: Cr3+ film ferromagnetic nature, and PVDF: Fe3+ film strong paramagnetic nature. Thus, the present study has successfully explored the fact that these optical materials are also potential enough in both conductivity and magnetic properties for their use in applications suitably.

Structural, Thermal, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of PVA: Mn[sup 2+] and PVA: Ni[sup 2+] Polymer Films

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Obula Reddy ◽  
S. Buddhudu ◽  
P. K. Bajpai ◽  
K. S. Ojha ◽  
K. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Self-Assembled Nano-Needles of Polyaniline, Efficient Structures in Controlling Electrical Conductivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Ibrahim ◽  
Maria J. Bassil ◽  
Umit B. Demirci ◽  
Georges El Haj Moussa ◽  
Mario R. El Tahchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Mobility Of Charge Carriers ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Size And Morphology

ABSTRACTPolyaniline (PANI) is one of the most interesting conducting polymers with a wide and controllable conductivity range, synthesized easily via chemical or electrical route, stable chemically and environmentally, having high absorption in the visible range and high mobility of charge carriers. Under different conditions, PANI morphology can be controlled yielding to the creation of nano-tubes, belts, rods, fibers and particles.In this study, the chemical oxidative polymerization which consists of mixing aniline hydrochloride (A-HCl) with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) was used to synthesize HCl doped PANI. Fixing the weight ratio A-HCl/APS defined by the IUPAC while varying their quantities leads to the formation of PANI nanoparticles with variable diameters. In addition, PANI nano-needles of 60 nm average diameter at the center are also obtained. Different methods are used to investigate of 1-D morphologies. The electrical conductivity of bulk PANI pellets is measured using the four-point probe technique. The absorption in the visible range of PANI particles and nano-needles is determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD analysis was performed to study the effect of PANI particle size and morphology on the crystallinity of the powder. Such structures could be used in hybrid solar cells for higher conversion efficiencies.

Investigation of Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Mixed Ferrite System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1047 ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Nidhi M. Astik ◽  
G.J. Baldha
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stoichiometric Mixture ◽  
Ceramic Method ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Metallic Cations ◽  
Polycrystalline Form

The mineral having chemical compositional formula MgAl2O4 is called “spinel”. The ferrites crystallize in spinel structure are known as spinel-ferrites or ferro-spinels. The spinel structure has an fcc cage of oxygen ions and the metallic cations are distributed among tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial voids (sites). A compound of Co0.85Ca0.15-yMgyFe2O4 (y=0.05, 0.10, 0.15) is synthesized in polycrystalline form, using the stoichiometric mixture of oxides with conventional standard ceramic technique and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD).The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of cubic structure. The intensity of each Bragg plane is sensitive to the distribution of cations in the interstitial voids of the spinel lattice. The computer program Powder X software for XRD analysis has been utilized for this purpose. The compositions of Co0.85Ca0.15-yMgyFe2O4 (y=0.05, 0.10, 0.15) ferrites have been prepared by standard ceramic method with double sintering at 950°C, 1100°C. In present study, we report the structural, electrical and magnetic properties of above said compound.

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of CoFeHfO Rich Nanocrystalline Thin Films Application for High Frequency

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 975-978
Author(s):  
L.V. Tho ◽  
K.E. Lee ◽  
Cheol Gi Kim ◽  
Chong Oh Kim ◽  
W.S. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nanocrystalline Thin Films

Nanocrystalline CoFeHfO thin films have been fabricated by RF sputtering method. Co52Fe23Hf10O15 thin film is observed, exhibit good magnetic properties with magnetic coercivity (Hc) of 0.18 Oe; anisotropy fild (Hk) of 49 Oe; saturation magnetization (4лMs) of 21 kG, and electrical resistivity (ρ) of 300 01cm. The frequency response of permeability of the film is excellent. The effect of microstructure on the electrical and magnetic properties of thin film was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that excellent soft magnetic properties were associated with granular nannoscale grains of α-CoFe and α-Co(Fe) phases.

scholarly journals Identifying Peat Soil Layers in the South Kalimantan, Indonesia Using K-Means Clustering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimin Iryanti ◽  
Ahmad Aminudin ◽  
Eleonora Agustine ◽  
Satria Bijaksana ◽  
Wahyu Srigutomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
The South ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Mineral Soils

Various type of soils have been identified based on their electrical and magnetic properties, especially with regards to peat soils. Peat soils are commonly considered as partly decomposed vegetation. In this study, electrical and magnetic properties have been used in K-means clustering to identify layers of peat soils. K-means clustering is a partitioning method that treats observations in the data. Data cores were obtained at every centimeter and examined for their electrical conductivity (σ) and magnetic susceptibility (χm) properties. A 291 cm core was obtained at Tegal Arum Village in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The K-means clustering results indicate two different layers at 148 cm, and this is supported by loss on ignition (LOI) measurements. In the first layers, a 87.65% LOI was found associated with peat soils (above 248 cm). Whereas, in the second layers, there was a 26.11% LOI associated with mineral soils (below 248 cm). The results of this study using K-means clustering can be used to delineate soil layers.

Effect of Iron Oxide on the Structure, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of (SiO2-B2O3-Li2O) Ionic Conducting Glass System

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E. Assem
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Glass System ◽  
Lithium Oxide ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ionic Conducting ◽  
Before And After

A glass system according to the molar formula (35% mole SiO2- 40% mole B2O3 -(25-x) Li2O), where x=0,1,2 and 3 % mole Fe2O3, was prepared by melting the pure powder chemicals at porcelain crucibles at 1200Co for three hours until the homogenous glass was obtained. The samples were heat treated at 600 and 700 Co for 10 hours. The density, the molar volume, the electrical conductivity and magnetic properties were measured before and after the heat treatment. Replacing the lithium oxide with the iron oxide increases the density, the electrical and magnetic properties. The heat treatment decreases the electrical conductivity and the magnetic susceptibility while increases the density. The crystalline phases due to heat treatment were determined using x-ray diffraction.

Effect of Fe Doping on the Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Perovskite La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xFexO 3 (X = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05)

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Nor Azah Nik-Jaafar ◽  
Roslan Abd-Shukor ◽  
Muhammad Aizat Kamarudin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ferromagnetic Transition ◽  
Fe Doping ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Insulator Metal Transition ◽  
Fe Substitution

The effect of Fe-substitution at the Mn-site in La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xFexO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) on its structure, electrical and magnetic properties has been studied. These properties were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, temperature-dependent resistance measurements and temperature-dependent AC magnetic susceptibility measurements. XRD analysis showed all samples are single phase materials. Temperature dependent resistance measurements between 30–300 K showed all samples to undergo insulator-metal transition as temperature decreases. Increase in Fe doping for x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 caused the transition temperature TIM to decrease from 257 K, 244 K, 205 K and 162 K respectively. The magnetic susceptibility measurements showed the samples to exhibit paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition as temperature decreased. Increase in Fe substitution x at the Mn-site progressively decreased the Curie temperature TC from 250 K at x = 0 to 170 K at x = 0.05.

scholarly journals Effect of milling and annealing on microstructural, electrical and magnetic properties of electrodeposited Ni-11.3 Fe-1.4w alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Spasojevic ◽  
L. Ribic-Zelenovic ◽  
N. Cirovic ◽  
P. Spasojevic ◽  
A. Maricic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Structural Relaxation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

A nanostructured Ni-11.3Fe-1.4W alloy deposit was obtained from an ammonium citrate bath at a current density of 600 mAcm-2. XRD analysis shows that the deposit contains an amorphous matrix having embedded nanocrystals of the FCC phase of the solid solution of Fe and W in Ni with the average crystal grain size of 8.8 nm. The deposit has a high internal microstrain value and a high minimum density of chaotically distributed dislocations. The effect of milling and annealing of the Ni-11.3Fe-1.4W alloy on electrical and magnetic properties was studied. Structural changes in the alloy take place during both annealing and milling. Upon deposition, the alloy was heated to 420?C. Heating resulted in structural relaxation which induced a decrease in electrical resistivity and an increase in magnetic permeability of the alloy. Further heating of the alloy at temperatures higher than 4200C led to crystallization which caused a reduction in both electrical resistivity and magnetic permeability. The milling of the alloy for up to 12 hours caused a certain degree of structural relaxation and crystallization of the alloy. The increase in crystal grain size up to 11 nm and the partial structural relaxation induced a decrease in electrical resistivity and an increase in magnetic permeability of the alloy. Heating the powders obtained by milling at 4200C led to complete structural relaxation, reduced electrical resistivity, and increased magnetic permeability. During heating of the powders obtained by milling at temperatures above 420?C, crystallization and a significant increase in crystal grain size occurred, leading to a reduction in both electrical resistivity and magnetic permeability. The best magnetic properties were exhibited by the alloys milled for 12 hours and annealed thereafter at 420?C. In these alloys, crystal grains were found to have an optimum size, and complete relaxation took place, resulting in a maximum increase in magnetic permeability.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

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