scholarly journals Portulaca oleraceaL.: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Xi Zhou ◽  
Hai-Liang Xin ◽  
Khalid Rahman ◽  
Su-Juan Wang ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Warm Climate ◽  
Anticancer Activities

Portulaca oleraceaL., belonging to the Portulacaceae family, is commonly known as purslane in English and Ma-Chi-Xian in Chinese. It is a warm-climate, herbaceous succulent annual plant with a cosmopolitan distribution. It is eaten extensively as a potherb and added in soups and salads around the Mediterranean and tropical Asian countries and has been used as a folk medicine in many countries. Diverse compounds have been isolated fromPortulaca oleracea, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols, proteins vitamins and minerals.Portulaca oleraceapossesses a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties such as neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, and anticancer activities. However, few molecular mechanisms of action are known. This review provides a summary of phytochemistry and pharmacological effects of this plant.

Pharmacological Properties of Curcumin

2020 ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Anuradha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cellular Factors

Curcumin, the polyphenol natural product, is a constituent of the traditional medicine known as turmeric. Extensive research over the last 50 years has indicated that this polyphenol displays potent pharmacological effects by targeting many critical cellular factors through a diverse array of mechanisms of action. However, there are some obstacles that prevent this wonder molecule to be effective in clinical settings and limit its use to topical applications only. Curcumin has recently been classified as both PAINS (panassay interference compounds) and an IMPS (invalid metabolic panaceas) candidate. Due to likely false activity of curcumin in vitro and in vivo has resulted unsuccessful clinical trial of curcumin against several disease. The chapter will review the essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin as well as envisage a compilation and discussion on the poor bioavailability of curcumin.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Properties of Morus nigra L. (Black Mulberry) as A Promising Nutraceutical Resource

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Lim ◽  
Chang-Ik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Silk Worm

Mulberry plants belonging to the Moraceae family have been grown for the purpose of being the nutrient source for silk worm and raw materials for the preparation of jams, marmalades, vinegars, juices, wines, and cosmetics. Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) is native to Southwestern Asia, and it has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for animals and humans. In this article, recent research progress on various biological and pharmacological properties of extracts, fractions, and isolated active constituents from different parts of M. nigra are reviewed. M. nigra exhibited a wide-spectrum of biological and pharmacological therapeutic effects including antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-melanogenic, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anticancer activities. M. nigra also showed protective effects against various human organs and systems, mainly based on its antioxidant capacity. These findings strongly suggest that M. nigra can be used as a promising nutraceutical resource to control and prevent various chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng (Gac fruit): An abundant source of nutrient, phytochemicals and its pharmacological activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1844-1854
Author(s):  
Priscilla Jayanthi Thavamany ◽  
Hong Lim Chew ◽  
Sreeramanan S. ◽  
Bee Lynn Chew ◽  
Ming-Thong Ong
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Momordica Cochinchinensis ◽  
Β Carotene

Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) is an exploitable perennial dioecious fruit found commonly in Southeast Asian countries (SA). Gac fruit has been traditionally used in folk medicine due to its high medicinal and nutritive value. Generally, the aril of the fruit is used as a red colourant for cuisines and supplement for healthier vision. Gac fruit is highly rich in lycopene and β- carotene, fatty acids, vitamin E, polyphenols like phenolic acids, flavonoids and trypsin inhibitors. These compounds are linked with many important bioactivities such as provitamin A, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and anticancer activities. This paper reviews the findings on nutritional properties, phytochemical composition and the biological activities of Gac fruit. The review has also briefly discussed the suitable conditions for the storage and utilisation of the fruit in food, beverage, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries

scholarly journals Properties of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Ewa Seweryn ◽  
Anna Ziała ◽  
Andrzej Gamian
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Ganoderma lucidum has been used for promoting longevity and health in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Asian countries. Its pharmacological effects are widely known, as indicated by its inclusion in the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia. It was found that G. lucidum contains several bioactive compounds, including triterpenes, polysaccharides, peptidoglycans, flavonoids, sterols, fatty acids and nucleotides. It is well-known medicinal mushroom that has been widely used for the treatment of several chronic diseases. It has been reported that triterpenes are responsible for the major medicinal properties and demonstrated therapeutic efficiency of G. lucidum. The present review mainly focuses on the pharmacological properties of the triterpenes underlying antioxidative, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetes and hepatoprotective activities.

scholarly journals Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Carvone

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽  
Hamza Mechchate ◽  
Taoufiq Benali ◽  
Rokia Ghchime ◽  
Saoulajan Charfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Carvone is a monoterpene ketone contained in the essential oils of several aromatic and medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. From aromatic plants, this monoterpene is secreted at different concentrations depending on the species, the parts used, and the extraction methods. Currently, pharmacological investigations showed that carvone exhibits multiple pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antineuraminidase, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. These studies were carried out in vitro and in vivo and involved a great deal of knowledge on the mechanisms of action. Indeed, the antimicrobial effects are related to the action of carvone on the cell membrane and to ultrastructural changes, while the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects involve the action on cellular and molecular targets such as inducing of apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. With its multiple mechanisms, carvone can be considered as natural compounds to develop therapeutic drugs. However, other investigations regarding its precise mechanisms of action as well as its acute and chronic toxicities are needed to validate its applications. Therefore, this review discusses the principal studies investigating the pharmacological properties of carvone, and the mechanism of action underlying some of these properties. Moreover, further investigations of major pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies were also suggested.

scholarly journals Natural Coumarins: Exploring the Pharmacological Complexity and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Natália Cruz-Martins ◽  
Pía López-Jornet ◽  
Eduardo Pons-Fuster Lopez ◽  
Nidaa Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Accessibility ◽  
Natural Coumarins ◽  
Valuable Function

Coumarins belong to the benzopyrone family commonly found in many medicinal plants. Natural coumarins demonstrated a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial, casein kinase-2 (CK2) inhibitory, antifungal, antiviral, Alzheimer’s disease inhibition, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, phytoalexins, ulcerogenic, and antihypertensive. There are very few studies on the bioavailability of coumarins; therefore, further investigations are necessitated to study the bioavailability of different coumarins which already showed good biological activities in previous studies. On the evidence of varied pharmacological properties, the present work presents an overall review of the derivation, availability, and biological capacities of coumarins with further consideration of the essential mode of their therapeutic actions. In conclusion, a wide variety of coumarins are available, and their pharmacological activities are of current interest thanks to their synthetic accessibility and riches in medicinal plants. Coumarins perform the valuable function as therapeutic agents in a range of medical fields.

scholarly journals The GenusSpilanthesEthnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaraj Paulraj ◽  
Raghavan Govindarajan ◽  
Pushpangadan Palpu
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Spilanthesspp. are popular, over-the-counter remedies; they are sold over the internet under various names and are widely used in traditional medicine in various cultures. This review will summarize the important reports on the ethnopharmacology, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties as described in the literature from recent years (1920 to 2013).Spilanthesspp. are used for more than 60 types of disorders. They are reported to contain a number of biologically active phytochemicals, although a large number of ethnopharmacological uses have been documented; only a few of these species have been investigated for their chemical and biological activities. The studies are carried out mainly onSpilanthesextracts and a few metabolites substantiate the uses of these plants in traditional medicine. Well-conducted pharmacological studies are still needed for several traditional indications, and the mechanisms of action by which the plant extracts and the active compounds exert their pharmacological effects remain to be studied. They are predominantly used as extracts in personal care products, traditional medicines, and the pharmaceutical and culinary areas. Suggestions are made regarding some of the possible mechanisms of action as to how the known compounds may exert their biological activity.

scholarly journals Goji Berries as a Potential Natural Antioxidant Medicine: An Insight into Their Molecular Mechanisms of Action

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Feei Ma ◽  
Hongxia Zhang ◽  
Sue Siang Teh ◽  
Chee Woon Wang ◽  
Yutong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Goji Berries ◽  
Insight Into

Goji berries (Lycium fruits) are usually found in Asia, particularly in northwest regions of China. Traditionally, dried goji berries are cooked before they are consumed. They are commonly used in Chinese soups and as herbal tea. Moreover, goji berries are used for the production of tincture, wine, and juice. Goji berries are high antioxidant potential fruits which alleviate oxidative stress to confer many health protective benefits such as preventing free radicals from damaging DNA, lipids, and proteins. Therefore, the aim of the review was to focus on the bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of goji berries including their molecular mechanisms of action. The health benefits of goji berries include enhancing hemopoiesis, antiradiation, antiaging, anticancer, improvement of immunity, and antioxidation. There is a better protection through synergistic and additive effects in fruits and herbal products from a complex mixture of phytochemicals when compared to one single phytochemical.

An Update on Potential Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Actions of Snake Venom L-amino Acid Oxidases (LAAOs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 2520-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro V. Paloschi ◽  
Adriana S. Pontes ◽  
Andreimar M. Soares ◽  
Juliana P. Zuliani
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Multifunctional Enzymes ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background: LAAOs (EC 1.4.3.2) are found in concentrations that vary according to each species of snakes; Viperidae, Crotalidae and Elapidae contain 1-9% of this enzyme in their venoms. Methods: This review focuses on an update on molecular mechanisms, platelet activities, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, induction of apoptosis and inflammatory potential underlying the actions of SVLAAOs. Results: Snake venom LAAOs (SV-LAAOs) have become an interesting subject for pharmacological, structural and molecular studies. Conclusion: Although the mechanisms of action of these enzymes are not well understood they are a subject of a variety of studies, because LAAOs are multifunctional enzymes exhibiting a wide range of pharmacological effects, including the inhibition or induction of platelet aggregation, hemolysis and hemorrhage, in addition to the stimulation of apoptosis, the activation of leukocytes and the formation of edema. Moreover, SV-LAAOs play an important role in bactericidal, cytotoxic, anti-parasitic, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities.

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