scholarly journals The Protective Effects ofNigella sativaand Its Constituents on Induced Neurotoxicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khazdair
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Nigella sativa(N. sativa) is an annual plant and widely used as medicinal plant throughout the world. The seeds of the plant have been used traditionally in various disorders and as a spice to ranges of Persian foods.N. sativahas therapeutic effects on tracheal responsiveness (TR) and lung inflammation on induced toxicity by Sulfur mustard.N. sativahas been widely used in treatment of various nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer disease, epilepsy, and neurotoxicity. Most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of some phenolic compounds especially thymoquinone (TQ), which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a comprehensive study of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant on induced neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals A Review on Nigella sativa: A Marvel Herb

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Safiya Begum ◽  
Abdul Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Good Target ◽  
History Of ◽  
Osmotic Balance ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Black Seeds

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) (Family Ranunculaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda and Siddha. Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food. The seeds of N. sativa have been widely used in the treatment of different diseases and ailments. In Islamic literature, it is considered as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine. It has been recommended for using on regular basis in Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine). Nigella sativa and its constitutions including some isolated compounds are the potential sources of remedies of varieties of ailments such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiprotozoal, antiviral, cytotoxic, anticancer, neuro-, gastro-, cardio-, hetapto- and nephroprotective activities. In addition, the N. sativa implies beneficiary effects on reproductive, pulmonary and immune systems along with diabetes mellitus (DM), fertility, breast cancer, dermatological complications, dehydration, dyspepsia, osmotic balance and so on. Among the other isolated chemical moieties, thymoquinone (TQ) is a good target for its potential antimicrobial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, antitumoral and other activities.  N. sativa has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines. This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, chemical composition and pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant. Keywords: Nigella sativa, Miracle herb, Ranunculaceae, Habat-ul-Sauda, Thymoquinone, Tibb-e-Nabwi, Black seeds, Anti-diabetic, Antioxidant

Fluvoxamine and amantadine: central nervous system acting drugs repositioned for COVID-19 as early intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Rejdak ◽  
Paweł Grieb
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Early Phases

Background: Whereas the World faces an unprecedented pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, repositioning existing drugs to treat COVID-19 disease is urgently awaited, provided that high-quality scientific evidence supporting safety and efficacy in this new indication is gathered. Efforts concerning drug repositioning to COVID-19 were mostly focused on antiviral drugs or drugs targeting the late phase of the disease. Methods: Based on published research, the pharmacological activities of fluvoxamine and amantadine, two well-known drugs widely used in clinical practice for psychiatric and neurological diseases, respectively, have been reviewed, focusing on their potential therapeutic importance in the treatment of COVID-19. Result: Several preclinical and clinical reports were identified suggesting that these two drugs might exert protective effects in the early phases of COVID-19. Conclusion: Preclinical and early clinical evidence are presented indicating that these drugs hold promise to prevent COVID-19 progression when administered early during infection.

Therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa on chronic HAART-induced hyperinsulinemia in ratsThis article is one of a selection of papers from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Translational Knowledge for Heart Health (published in part 2 of a 2-part Special Issue).

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Chandra ◽  
Subramanyam N. Murthy ◽  
Debasis Mondal ◽  
Krishna C. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Long Term Effects

Prolonged use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with insulin resistance in HIV-1-positive patients. Small animal models that recapitulate the long-term effects of HAART may facilitate the identification of therapeutic agents to suppress these side effects. We investigated the protective effects of black seed oil (BSO) from Nigella sativa in Sprague–Dawley rats treated with a daily HAART regimen for 7 months. The antiretroviral drugs, consisting of nelfinavir (200 mg/kg), zidovudine (50 mg/kg), and efavirenz (20 mg/kg), were mixed with diet with or without BSO (400 µL/kg) supplementation. Significant increases in insulin and C-peptide levels were observed in HAART-treated groups, and concomitant BSO treatment reduced this hyperinsulinemia. Interestingly, HAART-treated rats showed reduced size of pancreatic islets that was not seen in BSO-exposed rats. In vitro studies showed that nelfinavir, alone and in combination with HAART, induced oxidative stress and decreased glucose-induced insulin production in INS-1 cells. Suppressed insulin production was restored in cells coexposed to either BSO or thymoquinone. Our findings demonstrated that chronic HAART may increase serum insulin levels by dysregulating both insulin production by β cells and insulin action at the periphery. These deleterious effects may be prevented by dietary supplementation with BSO.

scholarly journals Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Overview of the Himalayan Ferns

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Semwal ◽  
Sakshi Painuli ◽  
Kartik M. Painuli ◽  
Gizem Antika ◽  
Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Cns Stimulant

The genus Diplazium (family: Athyriaceae) comprises approximately 350 species of pteridophytes. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an important member of this genus and commonly known as a wild vegetable in the Himalayan and sub-Himalayan communities. According to the literature analysis, D. esculentum was traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, smallpox, asthma, diarrhea, rheumatism, dysentery, headache, fever, wounds, pain, measles, hypertension, constipation, oligospermia, bone fracture, and glandular swellings. Various extracts of D. esculentum were evaluated to elucidate their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. A wide array of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, CNS stimulant, and antianaphylactic activities have been recognized in different parts of D. esculentum. The review covers a systematic examination of pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of D. esculentum, but scientifically, it is not fully assessed regarding complete therapeutic effects, toxicity, and safety in the human body. The published literature on D. esculentum and its therapeutic properties were collected from different search engines including Wiley online, PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACS publications by using specific terms such as “Diplazium esculentum, bioactive compounds, biological activities and health benefits” from 1984 to 2021 (March). Therefore, further studies are required to identify the detailed action mechanism of D. esculentum in vitro/in vivo, and also, more studies should focus on conservation, cultivation, and sustainable utilization of the species.

scholarly journals Chinese Medicinal Leech: Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Dong ◽  
Ji-Xiang Ren ◽  
Jing-Jing Wang ◽  
Li-Shuai Ding ◽  
Jian-Jun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Antiplatelet Aggregation ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Hirudo (Shuizhi in Chinese) is an important Chinese medicine, which possesses many therapeutic properties for the treatment of the cerebral hemorrhage and other thrombosis-related diseases. The phytochemical investigation gave more than 51 compounds including pteridines, phosphatidylcholines, glycosphingolipids, and sterols, as well as some bioactive peptides from the Shuizhi derived from three animal species recorded in the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The pharmacological studies on the Shuizhi have revealed various activities such as anticoagulation, antithrombosis, antiatherosclerosis, antiplatelet aggregation, antitumor and anti-inflammatory as well as hemorheology improvement, and protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, some important issues based on the traditional uses of Shuizhi are still not clear. The aim of the present review is to provide comprehensive knowledge on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of Shuizhi. It will provide a potential guidance in exploring main active compounds of Shuizhi and interpreting the action mechanism for the further research.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Modulates Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) Signaling Pathway for Disease Therapy: A New Insight into Its Pharmacological Activities

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Milad Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Masoud Najafi ◽  
Sima Orouei ◽  
Amirhossein Zabolian ◽  
Hossein Saleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Resveratrol (Res) is a well-known natural product that can exhibit important pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-diabetes, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory. An evaluation of its therapeutic effects demonstrates that this naturally occurring bioactive compound can target different molecular pathways to exert its pharmacological actions. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is an important molecular pathway that is capable of regulating different cellular mechanisms such as proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. TGF-β has been reported to be involved in the development of disorders such as diabetes, cancer, inflammatory disorders, fibrosis, cardiovascular disorders, etc. In the present review, the relationship between Res and TGF-β has been investigated. It was noticed that Res can inhibit TGF-β to suppress the proliferation and migration of cancer cells. In addition, Res can improve fibrosis by reducing inflammation via promoting TGF-β down-regulation. Res has been reported to be also beneficial in the amelioration of diabetic complications via targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway. These topics are discussed in detail in this review to shed light on the protective effects of Res mediated via the modulation of TGF-β signaling.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Therapeutic, and Ethnopharmacological Overview for a Traditionally Important Herb:Boerhavia diffusaLinn.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Mishra ◽  
Vidhu Aeri ◽  
Praveen Kumar Gaur ◽  
Sanjay M. Jachak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Boerhavia Diffusa

Boerhavia diffusa(BD) is a plant ofrasayanacategory as per ayurvedic claims. It is reported to possess antiaging, disease prevention, and life strengthening activities which hold enormous influence in disease burden and affordability/availability of healthcare in the world.Objective.This paper has been compiled to comment on the studies reported for BD to highlight its chemical and therapeutic potential along with its ethnopharmacological considerations.Methods.In the present paper, a detailed account of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities has been presented. All the findings were correlated with modern pharmacological activities to appraise the value of BD.Results.Chemical analysis of BD gives a wide variety of chemical constituents, namely, rotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, purine nucleoside, lignans, and steroids. Various ethnopharmacological reports emphasize its role in disorders of reproductive system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, urinary system, hepatic system/jaundice, cardiovascular system, and cancer.Conclusions.The studies on the therapeutic activities of BD range from studies on crude extracts to isolated compounds; however some of the studies require sophistication and validated results. BD is a plant of enormous importance in the purview of its chemical and therapeutic properties.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Description on Ethnopharmacology and Therapeutics of Murdarsang: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-S) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Sultana Anjum ◽  
Sana Kauser Ateeque Ahmed ◽  
Farha Naz ◽  
Saba Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Dissolution Corrosion

Murdarsang is a mineral that contains pbo, or lead oxide is an important medicine in the Unani system of medicine (USM) due to its multiple therapeutic properties. It can be prepared manually with different methods and used in different forms. Etymologically, it is known as 'Litharge' which is derived from Greek 'Litharguros' (lithos meaning stone and arguros for silver) which forms as a 'waste' during the last stage of silver smelting. Throughout human history, lead and lead minerals have been used for medicinal purposes. Galena was used as an eye salve in pre-dynastic Egypt, as well as by the ancient Indian civilisations of Mohendro-Daro and Harappa between 3200 and 2800 BC. Dioskourides in his De Materia Medica says about lithargyros that one is made from sand called molybditis which is roasted until it is totally burned, another from silver, a third from lead. According to Unani system of medicine Murdarsang possess different properties such as Astringent, Agglutinant, mildly Detergent, Desiccant, Anti-inflammatory Refrigerant, Corrosive and Rarefying properties. It is used as a base for making ointments. It composes the drugs and reduces the intensity of their dissolution, corrosion and astringency. It also have a corrosive, Resolvent and Insecticidal action. Many pharmacological activities mentioned in Unani medicine are validated, and many activities need further exploration due to the immense therapeutic scope in this drug. The current review designed to give an overview on the historical, chemical constituents, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Murdarsang. Keywords: Murdarsang, Litharge, Lead oxide, Unani system of medicine.

scholarly journals The Possible Therapeutic Effects of Some Medicinal Plants for Chronic Cough in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
S. Gholamreza Mortazavi Moghaddam ◽  
Majid Kianmehr ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khazdair
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxant

The use of plants or their isolated bioactive components for the prevention and treatment of various disorders has been developed. Here, we aim to identify effective medicinal plants for relief of cough and respiratory symptoms in children. The data of this review article were obtained from published articles in scientific databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, until December 2019. The keywords, including “Zataria multiflora Boiss.” OR “Portulaca oleracea L.” OR “Ferula assa-foetida L.” OR “Nigella sativa L.” AND “respiratory symptoms” OR “airway inflammation” OR “smooth muscle relaxant effects,” were searched individually or combined. The mentioned medicinal plants decreased total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, and eosinophils counts of blood and lung lavage in animal model-induced respiratory disorders. These plants also have protective effects on serum immunoglobulin, antibody titer, eosinophil count, and proinflammatory cytokines. Evidence from the studies indicated that the abovementioned medicinal plants have smooth muscle relaxant properties (bronchodilator effects) via stimulation of β-adrenoceptor or inhibition of muscarinic receptors (in vitro) and also improved the pulmonary function test in clinical settings. These medicinal plants are safe and easy to use. Based on the anti-inflammatory, anti-antispasmodic, and immunomodulatory effects, the clinical benefit may be assumed, therefore considering a place for these medicinal plants in relieve of chronic cough and symptoms of children’s allergy, asthma, and common cold.

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