scholarly journals Effect of Keishibukuryogan on Genetic and Dietary Obesity Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengying Gao ◽  
Satoru Yokoyama ◽  
Makoto Fujimoto ◽  
Koichi Tsuneyama ◽  
Ikuo Saiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kampo Medicine ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Dietary Obesity ◽  
Mouse Obesity

Obesity has been recognized as one of the most important risk factors for a variety of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension/cardiovascular diseases, steatosis/hepatitis, and cancer. Keishibukuryogan (KBG, Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan in Chinese) is a traditional Chinese/Japanese (Kampo) medicine that has been known to improve blood circulation and is also known for its anti-inflammatory or scavenging effect. In this study, we evaluated the effect of KBG in two distinct rodent models of obesity driven by either a genetic (SHR/NDmcr-cp rat model) or dietary (high-fat diet-induced mouse obesity model) mechanism. Although there was no significant effect on the body composition in either the SHR rat or the DIO mouse models, KBG treatment significantly decreased the serum level of leptin and liver TG level in the DIO mouse, but not in the SHR rat model. Furthermore, a lower fat deposition in liver and a smaller size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue were observed in the DIO mice treated with KBG. Importantly, we further found downregulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism in the KBG-treated liver, along with decreased liver TG and cholesterol level. Our present data experimentally support in fact that KBG can be an attractive Kampo medicine to improve obese status through a regulation of systemic leptin level and/or lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Effect of Walnut Meal Peptides on Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1410
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yue Yang ◽  
Di-Ying Zhong ◽  
Guo-Liang Wang ◽  
Run-Guang Zhang ◽  
You-Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Triglyceride Content

As a natural active substance that can effectively improve blood lipid balance in the body, hypolipidemic active peptides have attracted the attention of scholars. In this study, the effect of walnut meal peptides (WMP) on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental results show that feeding walnut meal peptides counteracted the high-fat diet-induced increase in body, liver and epididymal fat weight, and reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. Walnut meal peptides also resulted in increased HDL-cholesterol while reducing the atherosclerosis index (AI). Additionally, the stained pathological sections of the liver showed that the walnut meal peptides reduced hepatic steatosis and damage caused by HFD. Furthermore, walnut meal peptide supplementation was associated with normalization of elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)-B and reduced Apo-A1 induced by the high-fat diet and with favorable changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LCAT, CYP7A1, HMGR, FAS). The results indicate that walnut meal peptides can effectively prevent the harmful effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, lipid metabolism and liver fat content in rats, and provide, and provide a reference for the further development of walnut meal functional foods.

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Persimmon Tree Leaves Improves Blood Circulation and Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Ryu ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Byeongseok Moon ◽  
Un Ju Jung ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tree Leaves ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Efficacy and Mechanism of Polymerized Anthocyanin from Grape-Skin Extract on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiqi Fan ◽  
Young-Jin Choi ◽  
Yujiao Tang ◽  
Sung Mun Bae ◽  
Hyun Pil Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

We investigated the therapeutic potential of polymerized anthocyanin (PA) on a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model in mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to establish the NAFLD mouse model and randomly divided into four groups: control diet (con), NAFLD mice treated with saline (NAFLD), NAFLD mice treated with PA (PA), and NAFLD mice treated with orlistat (Orlistat) for four weeks. Mice were euthanized at the end of the four weeks. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were estimated, and pathological changes in the liver, white adipose tissue, and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism were evaluated. Results revealed that the body, liver, and white fat weight of the NAFLD group was significantly increased compared to that of the con group, while that of the PA group showed significant reduction. NAFLD led to an increase in blood lipids in mice (except for HDL). Conversely, PA effectively reduced TC and LDL-C. Compared to the control group, the degree of steatosis in the mice of PA group was decreased. Moreover, PA also regulated the NAFLD signaling pathway. In agreement with improved lipid deposition, PA supplementation inhibited the activation of inflammatory pathways, depressing oxidative stress through increased antioxidant levels, and increasing β-oxidation to inhibit mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PA can improve the liver function of NAFLD mice, regulating blood lipids, reducing liver-fat accumulation, and regulating lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium adolescentis Isolated from Different Hosts Modifies the Intestinal Microbiota and Displays Differential Metabolic and Immunomodulatory Properties in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Botao Wang ◽  
Qingmin Kong ◽  
Shumao Cui ◽  
Xiu Li ◽  
Zhennan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Elderly Humans

The incidence of obesity, which is closely associated with the gut microbiota and chronic inflammation, has rapidly increased in the past 40 years. Therefore, the probiotic-based modification of the intestinal microbiota composition has been developed as a strategy for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we selected four Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains isolated from the feces of newborn and elderly humans to investigate whether supplementation with B. adolescentis of various origins could alleviate obesity in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% energy as fat) received one of the following 14-week interventions: (i) B. adolescentis N4_N3, (ii) B. adolescentis Z25, (iii) B. adolescentis 17_3, (iv) B. adolescentis 2016_7_2, and (v) phosphate-buffered saline. The metabolic parameters, thermogenesis, and immunity of all treated mice were measured. Cecal and colonic microbial profiles were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The B. adolescentis strains isolated from the feces of elderly humans (B. adolescentis Z25, 17_3, and 2016_7_2) decreased the body weight or weight gain of mice, whilst the strain isolated from the newborn (B. adolescentis N4_N3) increased the body weight of mice. The B. adolescentis strains isolated from the elderly also increased serum leptin concentrations and induced the expression of thermogenesis- and lipid metabolism-related genes in brown adipose tissue. All the B. adolescentis strains alleviated inflammations in the spleen and brain and modified the cecal and colonic microbiota. Particularly, all strains reversed the HFD-induced depletion of Bifidobacterium and reduced the development of beta-lactam resistance. In addition, the B. adolescentis strains isolated from the elderly increased the relative abundances of potentially beneficial genera, such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Faecalibaculum. We speculate that such increased abundance of commensal bacteria may have mediated the alleviation of obesity, as B. adolescentis supplementation decreased the intestinal production of SCFAs, thereby reducing energy delivery to the host mice. Our results revealed that certain strains of B. adolescentis can alleviate obesity and modify the gut microbiota of mice. The tested strains of B. adolescentis showed different effects on lipid metabolism and immunity regulation, with these effects related to whether they had been isolated from the feces of newborn or elderly humans. This indicates that B. adolescentis from different sources may have disparate effects on host health possibly due to the transmission of origin-specific functions to the host.

scholarly journals LC-MS-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Early Biomarkers in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats With Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijuan Chen ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Wenbiao Xiao ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Yi Shu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Diabetes in the elderly increases cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms are still far from fully understood. A non-targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to screen out the serum biomarkers of diabetic mild cognitive impairment (DMMCI) in rats. Total 48 SD rats were divided into three groups, Normal control (NC) group, high-fat diet (HFD) fed group and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group. The T2DM rat model was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg) after 6 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Then each group was further divided into 4-week and 8-week subgroups, which were calculated from the time point of T2DM rat model establishment. The novel object recognition test (NORT) and the Morris water maze (MWM) method were used to evaluate the cognitive deficits in all groups. Compared to the NC-8w and HFD-8w groups, both NOR and MWM tests indicated significant cognitive dysfunction in the T2DM-8w group, which could be used as an animal model of DMMCI. Serum was ultimately collected from the inferior vena cava after laparotomy. Metabolic profiling analysis was conducted using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to verify the stability of the model. According to variable importance in the project (VIP > 1) and the p-value of t-test (P < 0.05) obtained by the OPLS-DA model, the metabolites with significant differences were screened out as potential biomarkers. In total, we identified 94 differentially expressed (44 up-regulated and 50 down-regulated) endogenous metabolites. The 10 top up-regulated and 10 top down-regulated potential biomarkers were screened according to the FDR significance. These biomarkers by pathway topology analysis were primarily involved in the metabolism of sphingolipid (SP) metabolism, tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, Glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism, etc. Besides, SP metabolism, Trp metabolism and GP metabolism mainly belonging to the lipid metabolism showed marked perturbations over DMMCI and may contribute to the development of disease. Taken collectively, our results revealed that T2DM could cause cognitive impairment by affecting a variety of metabolic pathways especially lipid metabolism. Besides, serum PE, PC, L-Trp, and S1P may be used as the most critical biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DMMCI.

Short-term adaptation of postprandial lipoprotein secretion and intestinal gene expression to a high-fat diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (4) ◽  
pp. G782-G792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jimena Hernández Vallejo ◽  
Malik Alqub ◽  
Serge Luquet ◽  
Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci ◽  
Philippe Delerive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term

Western diet is characterized by a hypercaloric and hyperlipidic intake, enriched in saturated fats, that is associated with the increased occurrence of metabolic diseases. To cope with this overload of dietary lipids, the intestine, which delivers dietary lipids to the body, has to adapt its capacity in lipid absorption and lipoprotein synthesis. We have studied the early effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on intestinal lipid metabolism in mice. After 7 days of HFD, mice displayed normal fasting triglyceridemia but postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. HFD induced a decreased number of secreted chylomicrons with increased associated triglycerides. Secretion of larger chylomicrons was correlated with increased intestinal microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) content and activity. Seven days of HFD induced a repression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis (FAS, ACC) and an increased expression of genes involved in lipoprotein assembly (apoB, MTP, and apoA-IV), suggesting a coordinated control of intestinal lipid metabolism to manage a high-fat loading. Of note, the mature form of the transcription factor SREBP-1c was increased and translocated to the nucleus, suggesting that it could be involved in the coordinated control of gene transcription. Activation of SREBP-1c was partly independent of LXR. Moreover, HFD induced hepatic insulin resistance whereas intestine remained insulin sensitive. Altogether, these results demonstrate that a short-term HFD is sufficient to impact intestinal lipid metabolism, which might participate in the development of dyslipidemia and metabolic diseases.

Effect of Caffeine on the Body Fat and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Fed on a High-Fat Diet

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2219-2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo KOBAYASHI-HATTORI ◽  
Akie MOGI ◽  
Yoshinobu MATSUMOTO ◽  
Toshichika TAKITA
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document