scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus among Adults in South-West of Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Farshadpour ◽  
Reza Taherkhani ◽  
Manoochehr Makvandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Public ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
South West ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background. Knowledge regarding prevalence of HEV in general population can be an indicator of the public health and hygiene. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of HEV among adults in South-West of Iran. Methods. Blood samples were taken from 510 participants, 206 (40.4%) males and 304 (59.6%) females from February to July 2014. Detection of anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies was carried out by ELISA test. Results. The overall anti-HEV IgG and IgM prevalence rates were 46.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM seropositivity were not statistically associated with gender and race/ethnicity. Meanwhile, there were significant differences between the age groups regarding HEV IgG and IgM seropositivity. HEV IgG seroprevalence increased with age from 14.3% in subjects aged 18–30 years to 71.4% in persons over 71 years old, and considerably individuals aged 61 to 70 years had the highest HEV prevalence (90.9%). Also, 5.7% in the age group 18–30 years and 2.2% in the age group 31–40 years were positive for anti-HEV IgM antibodies and the highest rate was observed in subjects aged 18–30 years. Conclusion. In conclusion, high HEV IgG seroprevalence of 46.1% was observed among adults in South-West of Iran.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Blood Donors in Bulgaria

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Magdalena Baymakova ◽  
Krasimira Terzieva ◽  
Rumen Popov ◽  
Elisaveta Grancharova ◽  
Todor Kundurzhiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Specific Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Results

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is widespread among domestic pigs, industrial swine, and wild boars in Bulgaria. The aim of the current research was to present the HEV seroprevalence among blood donors in Bulgaria. In the present study, 555 blood donors (479 males and 76 females) were enrolled from five districts in the country (Shumen, Pleven, Stara Zagora, Plovdiv, and Sofia districts). All blood samples were tested for anti-HEV IgG using the recomWell HEV IgG ELISA test (Mikrogen GmbH, Neuried, Germany). Each participating donor completed a short, structured, and specific questionnaire to document data on the current study. Anti-HEV IgG positive results were detected in 144 (25.9%) blood donors, including 129 (26.9%) males and 15 (19.7%) females. The established HEV seropositivity was 28.8% (23/80) in Shumen district, 23.2% (22/95) in Pleven district, 27.1% (38/140) in Stara Zagora district, 27.5% (44/160) in Plovdiv district, and 21.3% (17/80) in Sofia district. A high HEV seroprevalence was found for persons who declared that they were general hunters (48.7%; 19/39; p = 0.001) and hunters of wild boars (51.6%; 16/31; p = 0.001). We present the first seroprevalence rates of HEV infection in blood donors from Bulgaria. The results of our research showed high HEV seropositivity among blood donors.

scholarly journals Serological evidence of Hepatitis E Virus infection in Antioquia, Colombia slaughtered pigs

2015 ◽  
pp. 4602-4613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Forero D ◽  
Cristian Gutiérrez V ◽  
Jaime Parra S ◽  
Guillermo Correa L ◽  
Berardo Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

ABSTRACTObjective. To detect the presence of specific antibodies against Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pigs slaughtered in Antioquia, the department where the greatest amount of pork is produced and consumed in Colombia. Materials and methods. Between September 2011 and May 2012, blood samples from pigs were obtained in five slaughterhouses of Antioquia, four of them located in the Aburrá Valley subregion and other located in northern subregión. Serum were evaluated with a commercial ELISA kit for diagnosing HEV in humans but adapted to detect IgG and IgM antibodies in pigs. Results. A 100.0% seropositivity for IgG antibodies was found in 1000 samples evaluated, and 82.06% for IgM antibodies were found in 740 samples. Conclusions. These results indicate that pigs in slaughter age in Antioquia, and possibly in Colombia, have been exposed to HEV at some point in their production process and a high percentage of them can arrive to slaughterhouses with recent infection.RESUMENObjetivo. Detectar la presencia de anticuerpos específicos contra el virus de la Hepatitis E (HEV) en cerdos faenados en Antioquia, departamento donde se produce y consume la mayor cantidad de carne de cerdo en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Entre septiembre de 2011 y mayo de 2012, se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de cerdos en cinco plantas de faenado, cuatro de ellas ubicadas en el Valle de Aburrá y una en la subregión Norte del departamento de Antioquia, las cuales fueron evaluadas mediante un kit de ELISA comercial para diagnóstico de HEV en humanos pero adaptado para la detección de anticuerpos tipo IgG e IgM en cerdos. Resultados. Se encontró una seropositividad de 100.0% para anticuerpos tipo IgG en 1000 muestras evaluadas y de 82.06% para anticuerpos tipo IgM en 740 muestras. Una muestra de heces positiva para la detección del genoma HEV es similar al genotipo 3 encontrada en Estados Unidos. Conclusiones. Estos resultados indican que los cerdos en edad de faenado en Antioquia y posiblemente en Colombia, han tenido exposición a HEV del, un virus zoonótico emergente a nivel mundial, en algún momento de su proceso productivo.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Virus SeroprevalencE among Different Age Groups of the Healthy Population of Kyrgyzstan

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
L. N. Lukhverchyk ◽  
G. I. Alatortseva ◽  
L. N. Nesterenko ◽  
A. Z. Nurmatov ◽  
Z. Sh. Nurmatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Public

Knowledge regarding distribution of serological markers of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection in the population of endemic regions is an important indicator of the public health and hygiene. The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of HEV among different age groups of the population in Kyrgyzstan regions. 648 serum samples of persons without liver pathology received in December 2014 to February 2015 was tested by immunoassay kit «DS-EIA-ANTI-HEV-G» (Diagnostic systems, Russia). IgG antibodies to HEV were detected in 4.8% (n = 31) of the examined samples. An analysis of the level of seropositivity in different regions and in different age groups of the population was made. The greatest number of seropositive persons were identified in Bishkek and Chuskaya oblast. The antibodies were detected most frequently in individuals aged 1 to 5, 15 to 19 years old and older than 50 years old. The obtained data indicate the constant virus circulation in Kyrgyzstan in interepidemic period.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in risk populations and blood donors in a referral hospital in the south of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Boff Costa ◽  
Michele Soares Gomes Gouvêa ◽  
Samira Chuffi ◽  
Gustavo Hirata Dellavia ◽  
Felipe Ornel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Populations At Risk

AbstractThe prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies has a high heterogeneity worldwide. South American data are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HEV in populations at risk in comparison to blood donors (BD). A cross-sectional study was carried out in adults of different risk populations including crack users (CK), residents in a low income area (LIA), cirrhotic (CIR) and liver transplant patients (LT) compared with BD. The WANTAI HEV ELISA test was used and real-time PCR (in-house for screening and ALTONA as confirmatory test) for HEV RNA screening. A total of 400 participants were included. Anti-HEV IgG was positive in 19.5% of the total sample, reaching the highest rate in the CIR group, 22.5%, followed by CK, LT, and LIA (20%, 18.7%, and 17.5%, respectively). The prevalence found in BD individuals was of 18.7% (p = NS). Anti-HEV IgM was positive in only 1.5% of the sample (6/400). No blood or stools samples were positive for HEV RNA. The seroprevalence reported is among the highest rates ever found in Brazil. Considering the intense diagnostic investigation, data show that HEV circulation is more common that might be expected in our country.

Detection and characterisation of hepatitis E virus in naturally infected swine in Croatia

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Lipej ◽  
Dinko Novosel ◽  
Lea Vojta ◽  
Besi Roić ◽  
Miljenko Šimpraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Swine Herds ◽  
Bile Samples

Hepatitis E is a viral zoonotic disease infecting swine worldwide. Since pigs represent a likely animal reservoir for the hepatitis E virus, the epidemiology of naturally occurring hepatitis E was investigated in Croatian swine herds. Nearly all tested animals were seropositive for antibodies against the hepatitis E virus (55/60, 91.7%). Active infection was detected in all age groups by RT-PCR of viral RNA in serum (8/60, 13.3%) and bile samples (3/37, 8.1%), which was further confirmed by histopathological findings of characteristic lesions in the livers of the infected animals. Three new strains of hepatitis E virus were isolated from Croatian pig herds. Phylogenetic analysis using median-joining networks clustered those Croatian strains with isolates from various parts of the world, indicating their likely origin in international trade. Similarity to human isolates implies a zoonotic potential of Croatian strains, which raises a public health concern, especially in the light of the high prevalence of hepatitis E in the herds studied.

scholarly journals HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 341-347
Author(s):  
SHAHANA ARSHI ◽  
FAKHRA NAHEED ◽  
MAZHAR BADSHAH ◽  
Farah Naz ◽  
Kamran Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Secondary Causes

Objective: To see the frequency of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose levels in hypertensive patients. Design:Descriptive study. Place of Study: OPD / Filter clinic. Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences. Islamabad. Patients and Methods: Thisstudy was carried out on 116 hypertensive patients during the period from August to September '2008. Out of 116 patients, 64 werefemales and 52 were males with age group between 20 to 70 years. Secondary causes are ruled out on the basis of history and physicalexamination. Blood samples were sent to PIMS laboratory for fasting glucose. Data and results were analyzed in SPSS. Results:According to this study, out of 116 patients, there were18 patients who had diabetes mellitus while 33 had hypertension with impairedfasting glucose tolerance which is statistically significant. The females as compared to males were increased in number who had bothdiabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose. According to age diabetes mellitus increased in age groups between 41-50 and 61-70years while impaired fasting glucose were increased in age group between 31-60 yrs. The results indicate that impaired fasting glucose ispresent in significant number of hypertensive patients. Conclusions: Hypertension is associated with diabetes mellitus and impairedfasting glucose.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of dengue fever in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahira Qamash ◽  
Johar Jamil ◽  
Faheem Ahmed Khan ◽  
Saira ◽  
Ambareen Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
The Public

Abstract Dengue is a viral disease which is serious health concern from last few decades and the infection transmitted through mosquito bite into human. This study was conducted to carry out prevalence of dengue fever in District Swabi. A total of 196 blood sample were collected from patients with age ranges (0-80 years) having dengue fever on the basis of physical symptoms from Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi during August to October 2017. Serological test were performed for detection of IgM, IgG and NS1 (Non structural protein antigen of virus) against dengue. Out of total 196 confirmed dengue cases the most prone gender was male 123(62%) while 73(38%) were female. Among the age groups; 21-30 years group 62 (31.6%) was found the most predominated age group. The higly affected areas in district Swabi were Topi (40.8%) followed by Main Swabi (27%), Maneri (8.2%), Marghuz (6%), Shawa Ada (5.1%), Shah Mansoor (5.1%), Gohati (4.1%), and Chota Lahore (3.6%). Therefore, the health department should take actions by educating the public about basic cleanliness of the environment. The community should be encouraged to participate in the control of such vector based diseases/infections.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS E VIRUS (HEV) INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTH INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Nivedhitha E ◽  
Selvi R ◽  
Kayalvili KK ◽  
Arul selvan S ◽  
Duraivel M
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
South India ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection poses a major public health issue in countries with poor drinking water supply, inadequate rd sanitation and improper disposal of human excretes. It causes fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women during 3 trimester with a high mortality rate of 20-30%. Aim:The aim of the study was to estimate the seroprevalence of HEVinfection among pregnant women in South India. Materials and methods: Atotal of 200 asymptomatic, pregnant women were included in the study was evaluated using a questionnaire form. 5ml of blood samples were collected from them and serum was separated to detect for the presence of HEV-antibodies and HEV-RNA by ELISA test and RT-PCR test respectively. Results: The prevalence of HEV-antibodies was found to be 11.5%. HEV-RNA was not present in any participants. A very high statistical signicance was seen associated with the risk factors such as educational status, source of drinking water, type of toilet system used, and the habit of hand washing after using toilets (P<0.01). Conclusion: Even though the prevalence of HEV among the pregnant women is low, periodic assessment and screening of the pregnant women should be done. Encouraging the public sector to strictly adhere to the personal hygienic measures will denitely have an impact in the maternal as well as perinatal mortality and morbidity

How Predictors of Prescription Drug Abuse Vary by Age

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Arkes ◽  
Martin Y. Iguchi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prescription Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Previous studies that have identified the predictors of prescription drug abuse have either focused on a specific age group or pooled all age groups together into one sample. This approach constrains the predictors to have the same effect across age groups. In this study, we use the 2001 to 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to estimate separate models across five age groups for the past year nonmedical use of prescription drugs. The results indicate that several factors (e.g., gender, race/ethnicity marital status, other substance use) have quite different correlations with prescription drug abuse across age groups. This suggests that more accurate profiles of prescription drug abusers can be obtained by estimating separate models for different age groups.

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