scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Total Alkaloid Extract fromFumaria capreolata

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Bribi ◽  
Francesca Algieri ◽  
Alba Rodriguez-Nogales ◽  
Jose Garrido-Mesa ◽  
Teresa Vezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fumaria Capreolata

Fumaria capreolatais used in traditional medicine in North Africa for its gastrointestinal and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study investigates the effects of total alkaloids extracted from the aerial parts ofFumaria capreolata(AFC) on LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, and MIP-2) in RAW264.7 cells. AFC significantly reduced the inflammatory response inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting the viability of cells, and downregulated mRNA expression of proinflammatory key players: IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, and COX-2. AFC antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties were also evaluated on the acetic acid- and formalin-induced pain models in mice. AFC oral administration significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhes and reduced formalin-induced paw licking time. Therefore, AFC may be a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as colitis and arthritis.

scholarly journals Dynamic Evaluation of Compound Ento-PB for the Repair of Mucosal Ulcer in Dogs With Acetic Acid-induced Experimental Colitis 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-hu Chen ◽  
Jian-ting Zhao ◽  
Zheng-yong Yu ◽  
Yi-hao Che ◽  
Yu-jia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Mucosal inflammation and ulcer play important roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. As as traditional Chinese medicine compound composed of Periplaneta americana and Taraxacum mongolicum, Ento-PB is always prescribed for the treatment of ulcer and inflammatory diseases. As for the significant role of P. americana in terms of promoting mucosal healing, the compatibility of the anti-inflammatory drug T. mongolicum may enable Ento-PB to simultaneously play anti-inflammatory and promote mucosal healing effects on the treatment of UC. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential and possible mechanism of Ento-PB for UC by establishing an acetic acid-induced colitis model in dogs.Methods: Preliminary identification to the chemical components of compound Ento-PB was carried out through high performance liquid chromatography. A cross-bred dogs model of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis was established to evaluate the efficacy of compound Ento-PB. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines C-reactive protein (CRP), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in plasma were measured by carrying out enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: With the extension of treatment time, Ento-PB could effectively improve clinical symptoms of UC cross-bred dogs. Colonoscopy displayed that mucosal redness, swelling and congestion decreased gradually, and obviously repaired after mucosal injury. The intestinal texture was gradually clear, and the colonoscopy score gradually reduced. Histopathological examination revealed that the structure of colon was restored significantly, the infiltration of inflammatory cells was reduced, and the histological score was remarkably reduced. At the same time, the results of dynamic monitoring of inflammatory cytokines in plasma proved that Ento-PB can gradually down-regulate the activity of CRP, iNOS and COX-2, reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, and gradually restore anti-inflammatory and the expression level of cytokine IL-10.Conclusions: Ento-PB reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose- and time-dependent manner and inflammation, improves colon tissue lesions and the repair of intestinal mucosa after injury, and effectively increases acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in UC cross-bred dogs.

scholarly journals Mechanisms Underlying the Antinociceptive, Antiedematogenic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Main Flavonoid fromKalanchoe pinnata

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Teixeira Ferreira ◽  
Marcela Araújo Soares Coutinho ◽  
David do Carmo Malvar ◽  
Elson Alves Costa ◽  
Iziara Ferreira Florentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata ◽  
Flavonoid Quercetin ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1

Kalanchoe pinnata(KP) is popularly used for treating inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the antinociceptive, antiedematogenic, and anti-inflammatory potential of the subcutaneous administration of KP flower aqueous extract (KPFE), its ethyl acetate (EtOAcF) and butanol (BuOHF) fractions, and the main KP flavonoid [quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→2)α-L-rhamnopyranoside] (KPFV) in mice, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. KPFE (30–300 mg/kg) and KPFV (1–10 mg/kg) inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing (ID50= 164.8 and 9.4 mg/kg, resp.). KPFE (300 mg/kg), EtOAcF (12 mg/kg), BuOHF (15 mg/kg), or KPFV (0.3–3.0 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration on carrageenan-induced pleurisy (ID50= 2.0 mg/kg for KPFV). KPFE (3–30 mg/kg) and KPFV (0.3–3.0 mg/kg) reduced the croton oil-induced ear edema (ID50= 4.3 and 0.76 mg/kg, resp.). KPFE and KPFV reduced the TNF-αconcentration in the pleural exudates on carrageenan-induced pleurisy test. Moreover, KPFV inhibited COX-1 (IC50= 22.1 μg/mL) and COX-2 (IC50> 50 μg/mL). The selectivity index (COX-1IC50/COX-2IC50) was <0.44. These results indicate that KPFE and KPFV produced antinociceptive, antiedematogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities through COX inhibition and TNF-αreduction, revealing that the main flavonoid in KP flowers and leaves plays an important role in the ethnomedicinal use of the plant.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Resveratrol by Inhibition of IL-8 Production in LPS-Induced THP-1 Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (06) ◽  
pp. 1203-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Chang Oh ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Jang-Gi Choi ◽  
Hee-Sung Chae ◽  
Young-Seob Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Monocytic Cell ◽  
Monocytic Cell Line ◽  
Mapk Phosphorylation ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Iκbα Degradation

Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound and prominent anti-inflammatory agent found in plants, including the fruits of Morus alba. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of resveratrol remain largely unclear. To gain insight into the biological effects of resveratrol, we examined its influence on LPS-induced IL-8 production in the human monocytic cell line, THP-1. In inflammatory diseases, IL-8 plays a central role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammatory response. In the present study, IL-8 production was measured by ELISA and RT-PCR, while MAPK activation, IκBα degradation, nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression were determined by Western blot analysis. Resveratrol inhibited LPS-induced IL-8 production in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, resveratrol inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, NF-κB activation and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression, which suggest that resveratrol inhibits IL-8 secretion by blocking MAPK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. Taken together, these findings may help elucidate the mechanism by which resveratrol modulates THP-1 cell activation under inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Property of the Ethanol Extract of the Root and Rhizome ofPogostemon cablin(Blanco) Benth

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Wen Li ◽  
Xiao-Li Wu ◽  
Xiao-Ning Zhao ◽  
Zu-Qing Su ◽  
Hai-Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory property of the ethanol extract of the root and rhizome ofPogostemon cablin(ERP). The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using four animal models including xylene-induced mouse ear edema, acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeability, carrageenan-induced mouse pleurisy, and carrageenan-induced mouse hind paw edema. Results indicated that oral administration of ERP (120, 240, and 480 mg/kg) significantly attenuated xylene-induced ear edema, decreased acetic acid-induced capillary permeability, inhibited carrageenan-induced neutrophils recruitment, and reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema, in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathologically, ERP (480 mg/kg) abated inflammatory response of the edema paw. Preliminary mechanism studies demonstrated that ERP decreased the level of MPO and MDA, increased the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and GRd), attenuated the productions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2and NO, and suppressed the activities of COX-2 and iNOS. This work demonstrates that ERP has considerable anti-inflammatory potential, which provided experimental evidences for the traditional application of the root and rhizome ofPogostemon cablinin inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Methanol Extract ofCissus repensin Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Chang ◽  
Wen-Te Chang ◽  
Jung-Chun Liao ◽  
Yung-Jia Chiu ◽  
Ming-Tsuen Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The aim of this study was to investigate possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of theCRMeOH. Analgesic effect was evaluated in two models including acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated byλ-carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema and histopathologic analyses. The results showed thatCRMeOH(500 mg/kg) decreased writhing response in the acetic acid assay and licking time in the formalin test.CRMeOH(100 and 500 mg/kg) significantly decreased edema paw volume at 4th to 5th hours afterλ-carrageenan had been injected. Histopathologically,CRMeOHabated the level of tissue destruction and swelling of the edema paws. These results were indicated that anti-inflammatory mechanism ofCRMeOHmay be due to declined levels of NO and MDA in the edema paw through increasing the activities of SOD, GPx, and GRd in the liver. Additionally,CRMeOHalso decreased IL-1β, IL-6, NFκB, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS levels. The contents of two active ingredients, ursolic acid and lupeol, were quantitatively determined. This paper demonstrated possible mechanisms for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects ofCRMeOHand provided evidence for the classical treatment ofCissus repensin inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Zerumbone Protects against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response: Involving the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Wang ◽  
Jingling Niu ◽  
Lina Ou ◽  
Bo Deng ◽  
Yingyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The natural compound Zerumbone (hereinafter referred to as ZER), a monocyclic sesquiterpenoid, has been reported to possess many pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of ZER against acute liver injury (ALI) in CCl4-induced mice models. ICR mice were pretreated intraperitoneally with ZER for five days, then received a CCl4 injection two hours after the last ZER administration and were sacrificed 24 h later. Examination of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and the histopathological analysis confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of ZER. Biochemical assays revealed that ZER pretreatment recovered the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), restored the glutathione (GSH) reservoir, and reduced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), all in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, administration of ZER in vivo reduced the release amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inhibited the increased protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p-p65, and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). Further studies in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 inflammatory cellular models verified that ZER could inhibit inflammation via inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. Thus, our study indicated that ZER exhibited a hepatoprotective effect against ALI through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the possible mechanism might be mediated by the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. Collectively, our studies indicate ZER could be a potential candidate for chemical liver injury treatment.

scholarly journals Suppressive Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Proinflammatory Mediators byCitrus aurantium L.in Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells via NF-κB Signal Pathway

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Rim Kang ◽  
Dae-Yong Han ◽  
Kwang-Il Park ◽  
Hyeon-Soo Park ◽  
Yong-Bae Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Citrus fruits have been used as an edible fruit and a traditional medicine since ancient times. In particular, the peels of immature citrus fruits are used widely in traditional herbal medicine in Korea, as they are believed to contain bioactive components exerting anti-inflammatory activity. This study examined whether the crude methanol extract ofCitrus aurantium L.(CME) has a suppressive effect on inducible enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of CME (5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) and then treated with LPS (1 μg/mL). The results showed that CME (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) inhibited the LPS- (1 μg/mL) induced mRNA and protein expression of iNOS in macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. In addition, the expression of COX-2 was inhibited at the mRNA and protein levels by CME in a dose-dependent manner. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-αand IL-6, were markedly reduced by CME (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL). Moreover, CME clearly suppressed the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunits, which was correlated with its inhibitory effect on I-κB phosphorylation. These results suggest that CME has anti-inflammatory properties by modulating the expression of COX-2, iNOS, and proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-αand IL-6, in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells via the NF-κB pathway.

scholarly journals Kyungheechunggan-Tang-01, a New Herbal Medication, Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses through JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Soo Han ◽  
Eungyeong Jang ◽  
Ji-Sun Shin ◽  
Kyung-Soo Inn ◽  
Jang-Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation ◽  
Stat Signaling ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Medicinal plants have been used as alternative therapeutic tools to alleviate inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties of Kyungheechunggan-tang- (KCT-) 01, KCT-02, and Injinchunggan-tang (IJCGT) as newly developed decoctions containing 3–11 herbs in LPS-induced macrophages. KCT-01 showed the most potent inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 production among those three herbal formulas. In addition, KCT-01 significantly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 at protein levels and expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 at mRNA levels. Molecular data revealed that KCT-01 attenuated the activation of JAK/STAT signaling cascade without affecting NF-κB or AP-1 activation. In ear inflammation induced by croton oil, KCT-01 significantly reduced edema, MPO activity, expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, and STAT3 phosphorylation in ear tissues. Taken together, our findings suggest that KCT-01 can downregulate the expression of proinflammatory genes by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling pathway under inflammatory conditions. This study provides useful data for further exploration and application of KCT-01 as a potential anti-inflammatory medicine.

scholarly journals Sargassum fulvellumProtects HaCaT Cells and BALB/c Mice from UVB-Induced Proinflammatory Responses

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Lee ◽  
Gyu Hwan Park ◽  
Eun Mi Ahn ◽  
Chan-Ik Park ◽  
Jung-Hee Jang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Sargassum Fulvellum ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Skin Damages

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been reported to induce cutaneous inflammation such as erythema and edema via induction of proinflammatory enzymes and mediators.Sargassum fulvellumis a brown alga of Sargassaceae family which has been demonstrated to exhibit antipyretic, analgesic, antiedema, antioxidant, antitumor, fibrinolytic, and hepatoprotective activities. The purpose of this study is to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of ethylacetate fraction of ethanol extract ofSargassum fulvellum(SFE-EtOAc) in HaCaT keratinocytes and BALB/c mice. In HaCaT cells, SFE-EtOAc effectively inhibited UVB-induced cytotoxicity (60 mJ/cm2) and the expression of proinflammatory proteins such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, SFE-EtOAc significantly reduced UVB-induced production of proinflammatory mediators including prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO). In BALB/c mice, topical application of SFE-EtOAc prior to UVB irradiation (200 mJ/cm2) effectively suppressed the UVB-induced protein expression of COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-αand subsequently attenuated generation of PGE2and NO as well. In another experiment, SFE-EtOAc pretreatment suppressed UVB-induced reactive oxygen species production and exhibited an antioxidant potential by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in HaCaT cells. These results suggest that SFE-EtOAc could be an effective anti-inflammatory agent protecting against UVB irradiation-induced skin damages.

The role of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Viana Cruz ◽  
Joaquín María Campos Rosa ◽  
Njogu Mark Kimani ◽  
Silvana Giuliatti ◽  
Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Potential Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

: This article presents a simplified view of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) has, predominantly, two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The former plays a constitutive role that is related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while the latter is mainly responsible for induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and without side effects. To this end, of the generation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from “coxibs”, celecoxib is the only potent selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially available. Thus, the compound celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for COX-2 enzyme. In this review, we provide highlights where such inhibition should provide a structural basis for the design of promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which act as COX-2 inhibitors with lesser side effects on the human body.

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