scholarly journals Preclinical Evidences for an Antimanic Effect of Carvedilol

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greicy Coelho de Souza ◽  
Julia Ariana de S. Gomes ◽  
Ana Isabelle de Góis Queiroz ◽  
Maíra Morais de Araújo ◽  
Lígia Menezes Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Daily Oral Administration

Oxidative imbalance, alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in bipolar disorder (BD) pathophysiology and comorbidities, for example, cardiovascular conditions. Carvedilol (CVD), a nonselective beta-blocker widely used for the treatment of hypertension, presents antioxidant and mitochondrial stabilizing properties. Thus, we hypothesized that CVD would prevent and/or reverse mania-like behavioral and neurochemical alterations induced by lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX). To do this, male Wistar rats were submitted to two different protocols, namely, prevention and reversal. In the prevention treatment the rats received daily oral administration (mg/kg) of CVD (2.5, 5 or 7.5), saline, valproate (VAL200), or the combination of CVD5 + VAL100 for 7 days. From the 8th to 14th day LDX was added. In the reversal protocol LDX was administered for 7 days with the drugs being added from the 8th to 14th day of treatment. Two hours after the last administration the behavioral (open field and social interaction) and neurochemical (reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and BDNF) determinations were performed. The results showed that CVD prevented and reversed the behavioral and neurochemical alterations induced by LDX. The administration of CVD5 + VAL100 potentiated the effect of VAL200 alone. Taken together these results demonstrate a possible antimanic effect of CVD in this preclinical model.

scholarly journals The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽  
Rada Vucic ◽  
Marina Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri ◽  
Saja Ahmadizad ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Tayebe Zarekar ◽  
Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

Renal Cortical Slices: An In Vitro Model for Kidney Metabolism and Toxicity

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Andrea Trevisan ◽  
Stefano Maso ◽  
Paola Meneghetti
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Cortical Slice ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Release ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Renal Cortical Slice ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Vitro Model

The in vitro renal cortical slice model was used to study: 1) the effects on the kidney of some haloalkanes and haloalkenes using 3-month-old male Wistar rats; 2) influence of age and sex on renal cortical slice indices in non-treated rats; and 3) effects of 1,2-dichloropropane on the slices after pretreatment of 3-month-old male Wistar rats with DL-butathionine-[S,R]-sulphoximine. The most nephrotoxic chemical used was 1,3-dichloropropene, which caused a total depletion in the levels of reduced glutathione, a high peroxidation of lipid (about three thousand-fold with respect to control), a significant release of tubular enzymes into the medium, and loss of organic anion ( p-aminohippurate) accumulation. All the chemicals affected the cytosol more than the brush border. The most remarkable age-related differences in the untreated slices were the progressive decrease of reduced glutathione (p<0.05 from three months of age), and an increase in lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium (p<0.05 from six months of age). By contrast, sex differences were slight. The ‘treatment with 1,2-dichloropropane of slices prepared from rats pretreated with DL-butathionine-[S,R]-sulphoximine significantly increased the depletion of glutathione content (p<0.05) and malondialdehyde release in the medium (p<0.001) caused by the solvent alone.

scholarly journals Impact of Vanadium Complexes Treatment on the Oxidative Stress Factors in Wistar Rats Plasma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Francik ◽  
M. Krośniak ◽  
M. Barlik ◽  
A. Kudła ◽  
R. Gryboś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of vanadium complexes on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), uric acid (UA), urea (U), and antioxidant parameters: nonenzymatic (FRAP—ferric reducing ability of plasma, and reduced glutathione—GSH) and enzymatic (glutathione peroxidase—GPx, catalase—CAT, and GPx/CAT ratio) activity in the plasma of healthy male Wistar rats. Three vanadium complexes: [VO(bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, [VO(4,4′Me2bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, and Na[VO(O2)2(bpy)]⋅8H2O are administered by gavage during 5 weeks in two different diets such as control (C) and high fatty (F) diets. Changes of biochemical and antioxidants parameters are measured in plasma. All three vanadium complexes statistically decrease the body mass growth in comparison to the control and fatty diet. In plasma GSH was statistically increased in all vanadium complexes-treated rats from control and fatty group in comparison to only control group. Calculated GPX/CAT ratio was the highest in the control group in comparison to others.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Oil from Baru Almonds (Dipteryx alata Vog.) in a Preclinical Model of Lipotoxicity and Dyslipidemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Áthina Reis ◽  
Rômulo Dias Novaes ◽  
Sueli Regina Baggio ◽  
André Luiz Machado Viana ◽  
Bruno Cesar Correa Salles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

The oil obtained from baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) almonds exhibits high energy value and is reported in popular medicine for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and reproductive disturbances. Although baru oil is used in domestic cuisine, the chemical characterization of this oil and its effects on lipid metabolism are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the fatty acid (FA) profile and the effects of baru oil on liver and aorta in a murine model of dyslipidemia. The chromatographic profile of baru oil showed high levels of unsaturated FAs, especially oleic acid. Saturated FAs, such as palmitic and lignoceric acids, were found in lower amounts. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by daily administration of a lipid emulsion by gavage for 15 weeks. Biochemical and histopathological analysis were performed on serum, aorta, and liver. The results demonstrated that animals developed marked hypercholesterolemia, liver steatosis, and increased lipid peroxidation in the aorta. Treatment with baru oil attenuated lipid peroxidation and drastically reduced liver damage, especially ballooning degeneration and steatosis. By restricting vascular and hepatic injury, this oil showed potential applicability as a functional food, reinforcing its use in popular medicine and domestic cuisine.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect of Cajanus cajan in N-Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Liver Damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Eze Joshua Iweala ◽  
Winifred Osa Evbakhavbokun ◽  
Emmanuel Ndubisi Maduagwu
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a nitrosamine derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic properties which can be found in tobacco smoke, meat and various food products. This study examined the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Cajanus cajan (C. cajan) with respect to hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Administration of NDEA induced hepatotoxicity at 200 mg/kg while C. cajan was administered (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) for 28 days. NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased reduced glutathione (GSH), albumin (ALB), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). C. cajan-treated groups were seen to have significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased ALT and AST and significantly (p < 0.05) increased ALB, GST, GSH, SOD and CAT. The NDEA-treated group also showed a marginal increase in body weight and a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in liver weight. The C. cajan treated groups showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase and decrease respectively in body and liver weights. Histopathological changes also substantiated NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity and the hepatoprotective effect of C. cajan on the liver. The results indicate that C. cajan has the potential to ameliorate NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Effect of Antioxidant Treatment on Fibrogenesis in Rats with Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Cirrhosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bona ◽  
Lidiane Isabel Filippin ◽  
Fábio Cangeri Di Naso ◽  
Cintia de David ◽  
Bruna Valiatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Glutathione Disulfide ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
P450 Enzyme ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Increased Activity

Aim. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant activity of quercetin (Q) in an experimental model of cirrhosis induced by CCl4 inhalation. Materials and Methods. We used 25 male Wistar rats (250 g) that were divided into 3 groups: control (CO), CCl4, and CCl4+Q. The rats were subjected to CCl4 inhalation (2x/week) for 16 weeks, and they received phenobarbital in their drinking water at a dose of 0.3 g/dL as a P450 enzyme inducer. Q (50 mg/Kg) was initiated intraperitoneally at 10 weeks of inhalation and lasted until the end of the experiment. Statistical analysis was by ANOVA Student Newman-Keuls (mean±SEM), and differences were considered statistically significant when P<0.05. Results. After treatment with quercetin, we observed an improvement in liver complications, decreased fibrosis, as analyzed by picrosirius for the quantification of collagen, and decreased levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) compared with the CCl4 group. It also reduced oxidative stress, as confirmed by the decrease of substances reacting to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the reduced glutathione ratio and glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG). Conclusion. We suggest that the use of quercetin might be promising as an antioxidant therapy in liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin C on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and acetaminophen-induced liver injury in Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Reno Rudiman ◽  
Handy Wing ◽  
Nurhayat Usman
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential effect of vitamin C as an antioxidant on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and acetaminophen-induced liver injury in Wistar rats.Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each group consisted of 6 rats: group A (control, partial hepatectomy/PHx alone), group B (PHx and vitamin C 250 mg/kg BW), group C (acetaminophen 500 mg/kg BW and PHx), and group D (acetaminophen 500 mg/kg BW with PHx and vitamin C 250 mg/kg BW). Subtoxic dose of acetaminophen was given 24 hours before partial hepatectomy. Vitamin C was given orally via oral gavage for 6 consecutive days after partial hepatectomy. POD 7, all animals were terminated and performed laparotomy to obtain liver tissue for measurement of liver weight and regeneration rate, blood samples for malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation measurement and histopathological investigation.Results: The means of regeneration rate in vitamin C groups were significantly higher compared to non-vitamin C group (p<0.05). Similar result, the means of MDA values in vitamin C groups were significantly lower compared to non-vitamin C group (p<0.05). This result suggests a protective effect of vitamin C against lipid peroxidation. Histopathological changes in liver cells were statistically difference between vitamin C groups and non-vitamin C groups (p<0.05).Conclusions: Our results indicate that vitamin C administration promotes liver regeneration and inhibits lipid peroxidation after partial hepatectomy and acetaminophen-induced liver injury in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidants from Annatto Seeds as Possible Inhibitory Agents of the Hepatotoxicity Induced by the Antitumor Agent Cisplatin

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Lucéia Fátima Souza ◽  
Niara da Silva Medeiros ◽  
Paula Cilene Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Henrique Pagno ◽  
Cleice Dalla Nora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Agents

The effects of annatto seeds and of bixin on the oxidative damage induced by cisplatin in male Wistar rats was evaluated in the present study by way of lipid peroxidation, weight gain, the food efficiency coefficient, fat deposits in the hepatocytes and dosing of the enzymes in this organ. The animals were divided into four groups: control group (CG), cisplatin group (CPG), bixin+cisplatin group (CBG) and annatto+cisplatin group (CUG). Cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally 48 hours before the end of the experiment. The bixin and annatto were administered daily together with the commercial feed. The pre-treatment with annatto and bixin attenuated the cisplatin-induced liver damage and significantly reduced the enzymes AST and ALT. Annatto was shown to be capable of inhibiting lipid peroxidation as determined by TBARS. These results suggest that annatto seeds and bixin could be important agents in the reduction of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Protective effect of chokeberry on chemical-induced oxidative stress in rat

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Ewa Ignatowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Ewertowska ◽  
Jan Oszmiański ◽  
Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chokeberry Juice

Male Wistar rats were treated with chokeberry juice per os, 10 mL/kg/day, for 28 days and a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), 150 mg/kg, or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), 2 ml/kg. The level of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was increased in animals dosed with NDEA and CCl4. Juice pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in TBARS by 53% and 92%, respectively. In rats administered juice alone, 50% decrease in TBARS was noted. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes were decreased in the liver of rats administered either toxicant by 29%—52% as compared to controls. Juice pretreatment resulted in an increase in the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase by 117%, 56% and 44%, respectively, only in rats challenged with NDEA. Although no response of plasma protein carbonyls to both toxicants was observed, the pretreatment with juice caused a 55% decrease of this parameter in CCl4—dosed rats. DNA damage in blood leukocytes induced by either toxicant was slightly reduced, by 24%, in the rats pretreated with juice and administered NDEA. The results of the study showed that pretreatment with chokeberry juice confers some protection against chemical-induced oxidative stress.

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