scholarly journals Heavy Metal Residues in Soil and Accumulation in Maize at Long-Term Wastewater Irrigation Area in Tongliao, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yintao Lu ◽  
Hong Yao ◽  
Dan Shan ◽  
Yichen Jiang ◽  
Shichao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Translocation Factors

Soil and plant samples were collected from Tongliao, China, during the maize growth cycle between May and October 2010. Heavy metals, such as Cr, Pb, Ni, and Zn, were analyzed. The concentrations of Cr, Pb, Ni, and Zn in the wastewater-irrigated area were higher than those in the topsoil from the groundwater-irrigated area. The concentrations of metals in the maize increased as follows: Pb < Ni < Zn < Cr. In addition, Cr, Pb, and Ni mainly accumulated in the maize roots, and Zn mainly accumulated in the maize fruit. The results of translocation factors (TF) and bioconcentration factors (BCF) of maize for heavy metals revealed that maize is an excluder plant and a potential accumulator plant and can serve as an ideal slope remediation plant. In addition, the increasing heavy metal contents in soils that have been polluted by wastewater irrigation must result in the accumulation of Cr, Pb, Ni, and Zn in maize. Thus, the pollution level can be decreased by harvesting and disposing of and recovering the plant material.

scholarly journals Biosolids and heavy metals in soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Azevedo Silveira ◽  
Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni ◽  
Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Free Ions ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Inorganic Ligands

The application of sewage sludge or biosolids on soils has been widespread in agricultural areas. However, depending on their characteristics, they may cause increase in heavy metal concentration of treated soils. In general, domestic biosolids have lower heavy metal contents than industrial ones. Origin and treatment method of biosolids may markedly influence their characteristics. The legislation that controls the levels of heavy metal contents in biosolids and the maximum concentrations in soils is still controversial. In the long-term, heavy metal behavior after the and of biosolid application is still unknown. In soils, heavy metals may be adsorbed via specific or non-specific adsorption reactions. Iron oxides and organic matter are the most important soil constituents retaining heavy metals. The pH, CEC and the presence of competing ions also affect heavy metal adsorption and speciation in soils. In solution, heavy metals can be present either as free-ions or complexed with organic and inorganic ligands. Generally, free-ions are more relevant in environmental pollution studies since they are readily bioavailable. Some computer models can estimate heavy metal activity in solution and their ionic speciation. Thermodynamic data (thermodynamic stability constant), total metal and ligand concentrations are used by the GEOCHEM-PC program. This program allows studying heavy metal behavior in solution and the effect of changes in the conditions, such as pH and ionic strength and the application of organic and inorganic ligands caused by soil fertilization.

scholarly journals Long-Term Impact of Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Pollution and Degradation: A Case Study from Egypt

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Manal A. Alnaimy ◽  
Sahar A. Shahin ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova ◽  
Martina Zelenakova ◽  
Enas Mohamed Wagdi Abdel-Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Impact

There is consensus on the impact of wastewater irrigation on soil properties and heavy metal accumulation. The studies that show the impact of temporal changes as a result of different long-term additions of wastewater on the heavy metal accumulation and degradation of soil are extremely limited. This study was carried out to assess heavy metal contamination in soils irrigated with wastewater for more than 30 years in Egypt. A total number of 12 irrigation water samples and 12 soil profiles were collected during 2020 and were chemically characterized. The results showed that soils irrigated with wastewater over the long term contained significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to fields irrigated with fresh water. Heavy metal levels in water and soil samples were within the permissible limits, with the exception of Cd concentration in water (0.03 mg L−1). Continuous cultivation for a long period of time (30 years) using raw urban wastewater application has led to the adverse effect of increasingly available Pb concentration (5.44 mg kg−1). Similar temporal behavior was seen for Cd and Fe, which increased by 0.98 and 11.2 mg kg−1, respectively, after 30 years. The heavy metals in wastewater-irrigated soils significantly increased in clayey soils, as compared to sandy soils irrigated from the same source. Our findings provide important information for decision makers in Egypt and similar countries for the development of a strategy for the use of wastewater in irrigation for sustainable agricultural management.

scholarly journals Heavy metals and their bioavailability from soils in the long-term polluted Central Spiš region of SR

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Takáč ◽  
T. Szabová ◽  
Ľ. Kozáková ◽  
M. Benková
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Mobile Form ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Metal Contents

The heavy metal contents and their bioavailability were monitored in soils of Central Spiš region of SR. This area belongs to long term contaminated and hygienically loaded areas. Soil contamination by heavy metals is caused especially by ore mining, processing and treatment. Soil samples from the Central Spiš contained higher proportions of mobile forms which corresponded to the following sequence Pb > Zn > Cu, while for mobilizable forms the sequence of investigated metals was as follows: Cu > Zn > Pb. Soil pH is one of the parameters that affect significantly the share of bioavailable forms of metals. Higher proportions of mobile fractions of metals were detected in samples taken from soils with acidic pH. Statistical processing confirmed a relationship between the percentage share of lead and zinc in the mobile form and the level of pH/KCl, which was significant for Zn: <I>r</I> = –0.53. The relationships for lead and copper were insignificant.

scholarly journals Long-Term Irrigation with Treated Municipal Wastewater from the Wadi-Musa Region: Soil Heavy Metal Accumulation, Uptake and Partitioning in Olive Trees

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Khaled A. Al-Habahbeh ◽  
Mohamed B. Al-Nawaiseh ◽  
Rabea S. Al-Sayaydeh ◽  
Jehad S. Al-Hawadi ◽  
Randa N. Albdaiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Translocation Factors

Utilization of treated wastewater (TWW) for agricultural purposes has grown over the past few years because of limited available water resources. This study was performed to assess the long-term irrigation of treated wastewater from the Wadi-Musa region on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and their uptake and translocation to various parts of olive trees. Fifteen year old trees that had been grown and irrigated with treated wastewater resources since their establishment were used in this study. Irrigation water, soil, and plant samples (root, stem bark, leaves, fruits) were collected and chemically analyzed for their heavy metal content. Accumulation of heavy metals in irrigation water and soil were found to be within the acceptable range for the safe use of treated wastewater according to the standards of the WHO. However, long-term and continuous irrigation with TWW resulted in significant accumulation of heavy metals in plant parts when compared to their levels in irrigation water and soil. Uptake of metals was consistent among plant parts with the highest concentrations for Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn, and the lowest concentrations for Ni, Cr and Cd. Assessment of the bioaccumulation factor (BFC) and translocation factors (TF) of heavy metals into different plant parts indicated selective absorption and partitioning of these heavy metals into different plant parts. High BCF values were observed for Fe, Cu and Ni in roots and fruits, and Fe, Mn, Cd and Pb in leaves. Translocation factors of metal ions were variable among plant parts. Fruits had the highest TF for Cu, Cd and Zn metals, and the lowest for Mn and Fe, while leaves have the highest TF for Fe, Zn and Mn and the lowest for Cd and Pb. The results of this study indicate that olive trees are heavy metal accumulators, caution should be considered in long-term use of TWW and periodic assessment of possible hazards, especially on fruits and oil quality is required.

scholarly journals Distribution and Identification of Sources of Heavy Metals in the Voghji River Basin Impacted by Mining Activities (Armenia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Gabrielyan ◽  
G. A. Shahnazaryan ◽  
S. H. Minasyan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Chemical Status ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Mining Regions

The objective of this research is to assess the distribution of heavy metals in the waters and sediments of the Voghji River and its tributaries impacted by mining activity and to reveal the real source of each of the heavy metals in the environment for assessing the pollution level of heavy metals. Voghji River with two main tributaries (Geghi and Norashenik) drain two mining regions. To identify distribution and pollution sources of heavy metals, the water and sediment samples were collected from eight sampling sites. The results of statistical analysis based on data sets of the period 2014–2016 showed that, after the influence of drainage water and wastewater of mining regions, heavy metal contents in the Voghji River basin dramatically increased. The waters of the Voghji River were highly polluted by Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, and Pb. The relation of metals content was highly changed due to anthropogenic impact disturbing the geochemical balance of the Voghji River. The water quality based on only heavy metal contents in the source of the Voghji River belongs to “good” chemical status, and in the sources of Geghi and Norashenik Rivers it is “moderate.” The water quality of Voghji and Norashenik Rivers is sharply worsening after the influence of mining activity, becoming “bad” chemical status. The research revealed the pollution sources of each metal.

scholarly journals Heavy-Metal Contents and the Impact of Roasting on Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Acrylamide in Specialty Coffee Beans

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Matúš Várady ◽  
Sylwester Ślusarczyk ◽  
Jana Boržíkova ◽  
Katarína Hanková ◽  
Michaela Vieriková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acids ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Specialty Coffee ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of roasting on the contents of polyphenols (PPH), acrylamide (AA), and caffeine (CAF) and to analyze heavy metals in specialty coffee beans from Colombia (COL) and Nicaragua (NIC). Samples of NIC were naturally processed and COL was fermented anaerobically. Green beans from COL (COL-GR) and NIC (NIC-GR) were roasted at two levels, light roasting (COL-LIGHT and NIC-LIGHT) and darker roasting (COL-DARK and NIC-DARK), at final temperatures of 210 °C (10 min) and 215 °C (12 min), respectively. Quantitative analyses of PPH identified caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), feruloylquinic acids, and dicaffeoylquinic acids. Isomer 5-CQA was present at the highest levels and reached 60.8 and 57.7% in COL-GR and NIC-GR, 23.4 and 29.3% in COL-LIGHT and NIC-LIGHT, and 18 and 24.2% in COL-DARK and NIC-DARK, respectively, of the total PPH. The total PPH contents were highest in COL-GR (59.76 mg/g dry matter, DM). Roasting affected the contents of PPH, CAF, and AA (p < 0.001, p < 0.011 and p < 0.001, respectively). Nickel and cadmium contents were significantly higher in the COL-GR than in the NIC-GR beans. Darker roasting decreased AA content, but light roasting maintained similar amounts of CAF and total PPH.

Assessing Soil and Plant Pollution by Abandoned Rural Waste Dumping Sites in Ningbo, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dong Guan ◽  
Ye Hong Du ◽  
Zhen Dong Li ◽  
An Cheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Pollution

This paper reports the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the soils and rices surrounding the abandoned rural waste dumping sites in Ningbo. Igeo (geoaccumulation index) was calculated to assess the contamination degree of heavy metals in soils. The mean contents of Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb of soils were 33.3, 24.1, 1.5, 118.9 and 45.6 mg/(kg DW) (dry weight), respectively. All of them were much higher than that of the reference value (i.e. CK), but there were no coherent trend of the metal contents within 1-120m distance from the dumping site. Igeo of heavy metals reveals the order of Cd>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn, and the contamination assessment of soils using Igeo indicate the moderate Cd pollution, while the soils were unpolluted-moderately overall by Cr, Cu, Zn as well as Pb. The heavy metal contents in root, stem & leaf and rice grains were all remarkable higher than that of the CK at 20-120 m distances, and the heavy metal contents in root were evidently much higher than other plant parts, while those in rice grain were lowest, indicating the great bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals. Although the metal contents in the rice grain were within the legislation limit, its bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals was remarkable, whose contents were 4.38-fold for Cr, 1.76-fold for Cu, 1.28-fold for Zn, 2.67-fold for Cd and 3.03-fold for Pb higher than that of reference value, respectively. Finally, we proposed a decentralized in-situ restoration approach for the dumping sites.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Heavy Metal Input to Forest Soils in Rural Areas of Denmark

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Hovmand ◽  
Kaare Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Atmospheric Inputs

Atmospheric bulk deposition of heavy metals (HM) was measured from 1972/73 to the present time at five to ten forest sites in rural areas of Denmark. From 1979, HM in aerosols were measured at one to four forest sites. On the basis of these long-term continuous measurements, the atmospheric inputs to the forest floor have been calculated. Yearly HM emission estimates to the European atmosphere seems to correlate well with yearly average values of HM deposition, as well as with HM concentrations in the ambient atmosphere. HM emissions have been estimated since the 1950s. Using the correlation between emission and deposition, HM deposition values maybe extrapolated in reverse chronological order. The accumulated atmospheric HM deposition has been estimated in this way over a period of 50 years.

scholarly journals Long-Term River Water Quality Trends and Pollution Source Apportionment in Taiwan

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha Putri ◽  
Chao-Hsun Lou ◽  
Mat Syai’in ◽  
Shang-Hsin Ou ◽  
Yu-Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Metal Monitoring

The application of multivariate statistical techniques including cluster analysis and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) was successfully used to classify the river pollution level in Taiwan and identify possible pollution sources. Water quality and heavy metal monitoring data from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) was evaluated for 14 major rivers in four regions of Taiwan with the Erren River classified as the most polluted river in the country. Biochemical oxygen demand (6.1 ± 2.38), ammonia (3.48 ± 3.23), and total phosphate (0.65 ± 0.38) mg/L concentration in this river was the highest of the 14 rivers evaluated. In addition, heavy metal levels in the following rivers exceeded the Taiwan EPA standard limit (lead: 0.01, copper: 0.03, and manganese: 0.03) mg/L concentration: lead-in the Dongshan (0.02 ± 0.09), Jhuoshuei (0.03 ± 0.03), and Xinhuwei Rivers (0.02 ± 0.02) mg/L; copper: in the Dahan (0.036 ± 0.097), Laojie (0.06 ± 1.77), and Erren Rivers are (0.05 ± 0.158) mg/L; manganese: in all rivers. A total 72% of the water pollution in the Erren River was estimated to originate from industrial sources, 16% from domestic black water, and 12% from natural sources and runoff from other tributaries. Our research demonstrated that applying PCA-MLR and cluster analysis on long-term monitoring water quality would provide integrated information for river water pollution management and future policy making.

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