scholarly journals Long-Term Impact of Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Pollution and Degradation: A Case Study from Egypt

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Manal A. Alnaimy ◽  
Sahar A. Shahin ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova ◽  
Martina Zelenakova ◽  
Enas Mohamed Wagdi Abdel-Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Impact

There is consensus on the impact of wastewater irrigation on soil properties and heavy metal accumulation. The studies that show the impact of temporal changes as a result of different long-term additions of wastewater on the heavy metal accumulation and degradation of soil are extremely limited. This study was carried out to assess heavy metal contamination in soils irrigated with wastewater for more than 30 years in Egypt. A total number of 12 irrigation water samples and 12 soil profiles were collected during 2020 and were chemically characterized. The results showed that soils irrigated with wastewater over the long term contained significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to fields irrigated with fresh water. Heavy metal levels in water and soil samples were within the permissible limits, with the exception of Cd concentration in water (0.03 mg L−1). Continuous cultivation for a long period of time (30 years) using raw urban wastewater application has led to the adverse effect of increasingly available Pb concentration (5.44 mg kg−1). Similar temporal behavior was seen for Cd and Fe, which increased by 0.98 and 11.2 mg kg−1, respectively, after 30 years. The heavy metals in wastewater-irrigated soils significantly increased in clayey soils, as compared to sandy soils irrigated from the same source. Our findings provide important information for decision makers in Egypt and similar countries for the development of a strategy for the use of wastewater in irrigation for sustainable agricultural management.

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) foraging in some abattoirs in Lagos State metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Abakpa Adegbe ◽  
Oluwaseyi Oluwabukola Babajide ◽  
Lois Riyo Maina ◽  
Shola Elijah Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Bubulcus Ibis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Heavy metal accumulation in the ecosystem constitutes a potential toxic effect which is hazardous to human health. Increasing environmental pollution has necessitated the use of cattle egrets to evaluate the levels of heavy metal contamination, to establish their use in biomonitoring of heavy metals and to provide data for monitoring pollution in the environment. Results The present study assessed the utilization of Bubulcus ibis in monitoring pollution in five abattoirs, namely Agege, Bariga, Kara, Itire and Idi-Araba, all situated in Lagos State. The concentration of five (5) heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) was determined in the liver, muscle and feather of Bubulcus ibis using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The trend of metal accumulation was in the order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni for all the sampled tissues. The mean tissue concentrations of the metals were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the sites. The highest levels of metal concentration were reported in the liver in all the locations. Mean concentration of Cd in Kara (0.003 ± 0.00058) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those found at Agege (0.0013 ± 0.00058) and Idi-Araba (0.001 ± 0.001). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was also observed between the mean concentrations of Cu in Bariga (0.01 ± 0.001) and Idi-Araba (0.003 ± 0.001). Conclusion All the studied heavy metals were present in the liver, muscle and feathers of the cattle egrets. The contamination levels were ascertained from the study which indicated that cattle egrets are useful in biomonitoring studies and the generated data will serve as baseline data which could be compared with data from other locations for monitoring heavy metal pollution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of bio stabilised waste on soil in terms of heavy metal accumulation and leaching

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Lombardi ◽  
Giulia Costa ◽  
Maria Chiara Di Lonardo ◽  
Alessio Lieto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Solid Matrix

This work evaluated and compared potential impacts related to the accumulation and/or release of heavy metals resulting from the application of different types of stabilized waste to soil. Namely, the following three types of flows were considered: waste produced by aerobic bio-stabilization of municipal solid waste at a Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plant, and compost produced either from aerobic composting or from a combination of anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation processes. After a preliminary characterization of the materials (organic matter content, volatile solid, and heavy metals content), heavy metal accumulation in soil caused by possible long-term application of these organic materials was evaluated by implementing a discretized mass balance based on the total content of the heavy metals in each type of solid matrix investigated. In addition, results of percolation leaching tests performed on each type of material were presented and discussed. Results highlight that although the total content of heavy metals of the three types of materials differed considerably, with the MBT waste presenting the highest concentrations, the results of the leaching percolation tests were quite similar.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil, Paddy Straw and SEM analysis of the soil for the impact of wastewater irrigation in Girudhumal Sub basin of Tamil Nadu, India

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
The Impact

<p>The objective of the study is to determine accumulation and translocation of heavy metals from soil to paddy straw irrigated with urban sewage wastewater in peri-urban region of Girudhumal subbasin area in Madurai. The soil samples were collected in seven locations irrigated with treated and untreated wastewater and analyzed for physical properties like pH, EC, bulk density, soil type, major (N,P,K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) and heavy metals Ni, Cd, Pb. SEM analysis showed that soil structure is significantly influenced by wastewater irrigation. It confirms that the wastewater irrigation disturbs soil structure and affecting the plant growth in long run.&nbsp; Pb content was higher than the prescribed safe limits in S5 and S6 location, similarly, Ni also was higher than the safe limit in all the locations. Pollution Load Index values are in the range of 0.08-0.56 for all sites, and it indicated that chance of heavy metal contamination is less. The EF values show moderate enrichment to Ni and Zn, Significant enrichment for Cd and Cu, Extremely high for Pb and deficiency for Mn. All these results confirmed that there is no immediate risk of heavy metal pollution, however with respect to Pb and Ni the plant tissues are showing higher values. The transfer factor for heavy metals from soil to paddy straw is less than 0.5 for Cd and for others is more than 0.5 indicated greater chances for heavy metal contamination.</p>

scholarly journals Effects and Mechanisms of Microbial Remediation of Heavy Metals in Soil: A Critical Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyao Jin ◽  
Yaning Luan ◽  
Yangcui Ning ◽  
Lingyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Microbial Remediation

The use of microbes to change the concentration of heavy metals in soil and improve the ability of plants to deal with elevated metals concentrations has significant economic and ecological benefits. This paper reviews the origins and toxic effects of heavy metal pollution in soil, and describes the heavy metal accumulation mechanisms of microbes, and compares their different bioconcentration abilities. Biosorption, which depends on the special structure of the cell wall, is found to be the primary mechanism. Furthermore, Escherichia coli are found to adsorb more heavy metals than other species. Factors influencing microbial treatment of wastewater and soil containing heavy metals include temperature, pH, and different substrates. Finally, problems in the application of microbial treatment of heavy metal contamination are considered, and possible directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil Amended with Roadside Pond Sediment and Uptake by Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivumL. cv. PBW 343)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2314-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmoy Karak ◽  
Pradip Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
Pond Sediment

The risks of heavy metal accumulation and the dynamics related to roadside pond sediment application in comparison to control of winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) were investigated in field experiments. Selective sequential extraction procedures revealed that application of pond sediment in soil increases the labile pools of the studied heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Risk assessment codes concluded that Cu and Pb were in the high-risk zone in both pond sediment and soil amended with pond sediment, whereas Zn and Cu were found in the medium-risk zone for control soil. Heavy metal accumulation by wheat straw and grain (39.38, 1.18, 23.73, 0.36, 0.18, and 16.8 mg kg-1for Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Pb, respectively, for wheat grain) was significantly increased through application of pond sediment. However, metal accumulation did not thwart the enhancement of wheat yield when pond sediment was applied. Health risk indexes of analyzed heavy metals were found to be within the Indian permissible limit for foodstuffs. Pond sediments help to fortify wheat grain by increasing the concentration of Zn and Cu as a source of micronutrients in the diet. However, a significant increase of Pb in wheat grain through pond sediment could be a health concern for its long-term application. Therefore, pond sediment would be a valuable resource for agriculture as an alternative organic supplement, but long-term use may require the cessation of the excavated sediment as agricultural landfill in order to restrict heavy metal contamination through it.

scholarly journals Pollution Load Index (PLI) of field irrigated with wastewater of Mawaiya Drain in Naini suburbs of Allahabad District

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Arti Yadav ◽  
Pawan Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Maximum Accumulation

Wastewater irrigation is practiced in outskirts of several cities of India. Enhanced growth and productivity of crops possess threat of heavy metal accumulation while irrigated with wastewater. Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in soil flooded with wastewater of Mawaiya drain in Naini region of Allahabad district, using parameter of contamination factor and pollution load index (PLI). Samples of soil were taken from the fields irrigated with wastewater and analyzed for heavy metals by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The maximum accumulation of heavy metal was observed for iron in soil. Heavy metal contamination is soil was assessed by estimation of contamination factor which was observed for Cu (0.7858), Fe (296.1864), Zn (0.4304), Pb (1.1661) and Ni (1.8912). Pollution load index (PLI) used for assessment of soil contamination and observed that maximum contamination (PLI, 74.31) was in water stressed conditions of summer. Heavy metals concentration in wastewater and accumulation in soil found within WHO limits in present study which may increase if unmanaged wastewater flooding continued.

Investigations of the potential of bivalve molluscs as indicators of heavy metal levels in tropical marine waters

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Klumpp ◽  
C Burdon-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Suitable Organism

The relationships between concentrations of the heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, and Ag in nine bivalve molluscs (Arca ventricosa, Chama isotoma: Lithophaga teres. Pinctada margiritifera, Pycnodonte hyotis. Spondylus ducalis. Modiolus auriculatus, Trichomya hirsuta, Ustularca renuta) and their environment were studied. The variation in heavy metal accumulation in these field samples and the effects on metal levels and condition of the organisms after relocating for 2 months four of these species (T. hirsuta, M. auriculatus, S. ducalis and C. isotoma), were also studied. The relocated animals maintained or improved condition as judged by the condition index (i.e. ratio of tissue wet weight to shell diameter or weight) during the expefimental period. Levels of Pb and Cu in relocated T. hirsuta varied directly with environmental levels but elevated levels of Zn in the environment were not indicated by this organism. Accumulation of Pb and Cd by T. hirsuta was linear with time and increased in direct proportion to the external concentration of these metals. No loss of either metal was detected after 12 days in 'normal' seawater. The results indicate that T. hirsuta would be a suitable organism for detecting increased levels of heavy metals, except Zn, in the environment.

scholarly journals A proposed method for the assessment of the interactive heavy metal accumulation in soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-846 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

<p>A method is proposed for the assessment of the interactive accumulation of heavy metals in soils. Sixty surface soil samples were collected from fifteen sites, at a depth of 0-30cm, evenly distributed, within the 30,700ha comprising the study area.</p> <p>It was found that at least&nbsp; some of these metals were significantly contributed to soil, i.e. Mn 9.53, Fe 8.06, Zn 0.86, Pb 0.29, Cd 0.033, Co 0.112 and Ni 0.125 kg/ha, respectively.</p> <p>Similarly considerable levels of plant nutrients were accumulated in the studied soil such as P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> 8.6, or 3.75 kg P/ha, K<sub>2</sub>O 52.92 or 43.94 kg K/ha, and Ca 78.98 kg/ha. As expected, the heavy metals accumulated in lower concentrations than those of plant nutrients and in non toxic levels. Nevertheless, the toxicity of these metals must be considered in relation to long term accumulation.</p> <div> <p>It was shown that the proposed method, based on the quantification of the elemental interactions contribution in heavy metals, could be used as a tool for the quantitative assessment of their accumulation and for the prediction of the &laquo;silent&nbsp; pollution&raquo; that gradually occurs in soils with these metals.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

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