scholarly journals Carboxyhemoglobin Formation in Preterm Infants Is Related to the Subsequent Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuko Tokuriki ◽  
Takashi Okuno ◽  
Genrei Ohta ◽  
Yusei Ohshima
Keyword(s):  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Early Postnatal Period ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Urinary Levels

Objective. To evaluate the usefulness of carboxyhemoglobin (CO-Hb) levels as a biomarker to predict the development and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Methods. Twenty-five infants born at <33 wk of gestational age or with a birth weight of <1,500 g were enrolled. CO-Hb levels were measured between postnatal days 5 and 8, 12 and 15, 19 and 22, and 26 and 29. Urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), advanced oxidation protein products, and Nε-(hexanoyl) lysine were measured between postnatal days 5 and 8 and 26 and 29. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to compare the biomarkers’ predictive values.Results. Compared with infants in the no-or-mild BPD group, infants with moderate-to-severe BPD exhibited higher CO-Hb levels during the early postnatal period and higher 8-OHdG levels between postnatal days 5 and 8. Using ROC analysis to predict the development of moderate-to-severe BPD, the area under the curve (AUC) for CO-Hb levels between postnatal days 5 and 8 was higher than AUCs for the urinary markers.Conclusions. CO-Hb levels during the early postnatal period may serve as a practical marker for evaluating oxidative stress and the severity of subsequently developing BPD.

scholarly journals Urinary MicroRNAs as Potential Markers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Erdmann ◽  
Karsten Salomo ◽  
Anna Klimova ◽  
Ulrike Heberling ◽  
Andrea Lohse-Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Currently, voided urine cytology (VUC) serves as the gold standard for the detection of bladder cancer (BCa) in urine. Despite its high specificity, VUC has shortcomings in terms of sensitivity. Therefore, alternative biomarkers are being searched, which might overcome these disadvantages as a useful adjunct to VUC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the urinary levels of selected microRNAs (miRs), which might represent such alternative biomarkers due to their BCa-specific expression. Expression levels of nine BCa-associated microRNAs (miR-21, -96, -125b, -126, -145, -183, -205, -210, -221) were assessed by quantitative PCR in urine sediments from 104 patients with primary BCa and 46 control subjects. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed a diagnostic potential for miR-96, -125b, -126, -145, -183, and -221 with area under the curve (AUC) values between 0.605 and 0.772. The combination of the four best candidates resulted in sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPV), and accuracy of 73.1%, 95.7%, 97.4%, 61.1%, and 80.0%, respectively. Combined with VUC, sensitivity and NPV could be increased by nearly 8%, each surpassing the performance of VUC alone. The present findings suggested a diagnostic potential of miR-125b, -145, -183, and -221 in combination with VUC for non-invasive detection of BCa in urine.

scholarly journals FRI0234 A HIGH NEMO SCORE IN VIDEOCAPILLAROSCOPY IS PREDICTIVE OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ULCERS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 700.1-701
Author(s):  
N. Del Papa ◽  
F. Pignataro ◽  
W. Maglione ◽  
A. Minniti ◽  
D. Sambataro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Digital Ulcers ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Predictive Values

Background:Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a feasible method that allows the observation and follow-up of the microvascular changes that mark the course of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). In previous studies, we demonstrated that the NEMO score, namely the cumulative Number of microhaEMOrrhages and microthromboses, is a good indicator of the steady state level and over time changes of disease activity (DA) in SSc (1-3).Objectives:To verify whether a high NEMO score, and then a high level of active microvascular derangement in the fingers may be predictive of the subsequent development of ischemic digital ulcers (IDUs).Methods:The NEMO score was assessed at baseline (T0) in 98 patients affected by SSc, according to the ACR-EULAR criteria. Out of them, 90 were females, 48 had the limited form and 50 the diffuse cutaneous variant of SSc. ACA and anti-Scl-70 antibodies were positive in 42 and 50 patients, respectively. The NVC pattern was early, active and late in 16, 42 and 40 patients, respectively.Afterwards, patients were closely followed up for 3 years, and the appearance of new IDUs was recorded in any time of the follow up.The T0-NEMO score values of patients who developed IDUs were compared to those of patients who did not. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) calculated, by plotting the sensitivity and 1-specificity of the different NEMO score values in predicting the development of IDUs.Results:During the follow up, 38 out of 98 patients developed one or more DUs. The NEMO score at T0 was significantly higher in those who developed IDUs with respect to those who did not [median 14.5 (CI 11.0-21.5), and 4.5 (CI 4.0-6.0), respectively, p<.0001]. The AUC was 0.79 (CI 0.69-0.86, p<0.0001). A NEMO score of 12 or more had a sensitivity of 83.3 (CI 71.5-91.7), and a specificity of 63.2 (CI 46.0-78.2), with positive (P) and negative (N) predictive values (PV) of 59.1 (CI 44.9-72.3), and 85.6 (CI 71.7-94.3), respectively. A NEMO score of 16 or more had a sensitivity of 95.0 (CI 86.1-99.0), and a NPV of 93.3 (CI 77.4-99.2).Conclusion:NEMO score is not only a valid tool to assess the level of DA in the course of SSc, but this NVC parameter could also be used as a good predictor of the future development of IDUs in patients with this disease.References:[1]Sambataro et al. Arthritis Res Ther 2014;16:462-69[2]Andracco et al. Arthritis Res Ther 2017;19:133-41[3]Pignataro et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):258Disclosure of Interests:Nicoletta Del Papa: None declared, Francesca Pignataro: None declared, Wanda Maglione: None declared, Antonina Minniti: None declared, Domenico Sambataro: None declared, Gianluca Sambataro: None declared, Gabriele Valentini Grant/research support from: BMS, MSD, NOVARTIS, LILLY, PFIZER, ABBVIE, CELGENE, Claudio Vitali: None declared, Roberto Caporali Consultant of: AbbVie; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Lilly; Merck Sharp & Dohme; Celgene; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer; UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Celgene; Lilly; Gilead Sciences, Inc; MSD; Pfizer; Roche; UCB

scholarly journals Determining when impairment constitutes incapacity for informed consent in schizophrenia research

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Y. H. Kim ◽  
Paul S. Appelbaum ◽  
Jeffrey Swan ◽  
T. Scott Stroup ◽  
Joseph P. McEvoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Competence Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Capacity Determination

BackgroundAlthough people with schizophrenia display impaired abilities for consent, it is not known how much impairment constitutes incapacity.AimsTo assess a method for determining the categorical capacity status of potential participants in schizophrenia research.MethodExpert-judgement validation of capacity thresholds on the sub-scales of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool – Clinical Research (MacCAT–CR) was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in 91 people with severe mental illness and 40 controls.ResultsThe ROC areas under the curve for the understanding, appreciation and reasoning sub-scales of the MacCAT–CR were 0.94 (95% CI 0.88–0.99), 0.85 (95% CI 0.76–0.94) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.70–0.90). These findings yielded negative and positive predictive values of incapacity that can guide the practice of investigators and research ethics committees.ConclusionsBy performing such validation studies for a few categories of research with varying risks and benefits, it might be possible to create evidence-based capacity determination guidelines for most schizophrenia research.

The potential value of a pictorial atlas for aid in the visual diagnosis of 123I FP-CIT SPECT scans

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ham ◽  
A. Dobbeleir ◽  
P. Santens ◽  
Y. D'Asseler ◽  
I. Goethals
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Visual Diagnosis ◽  
Spect Images

SummaryThe aim of our study was to evaluate the value of a pictorial atlas of 123I FP-CIT SPECT images for aid in the visual diagnosis. Patients, materials, methods: Sixty patients, of whom 20 were clinically diagnosed as ‘non-parkinsonian’ and 40 as having Parkinson's disease or any related disorder, were included in the study. An atlas consisting of 12 123I FP-CIT SPECT images was constructed first. Validity of the atlas was investigated by performing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard. The remaining 48 SPECT images were visually assessed twice by 5 observers, first with and secondly without consulting the atlas, or vice versa. The added value of the atlas was investigated by comparing the diagnostic accuracy and the interobserver variability for both methods. Results: ROC analysis performed on the atlas yielded an area under the curve of 1 for a threshold discriminating between clinically non-parkinsonian and parkinsonian patients that was situated between image 4 and 5 of the atlas. For the diagnostic accuracy, we found that the area under the ROC curve was systematically higher if observers had access to the atlas compared to when they had not (Wilcoxon's test, p<0.05). Also, the interobserver variability was significantly lower when observers used the atlas when compared to when they did not (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher and interobserver variability significantly lower if observers had access to the atlas compared to when they had not. Hence, having a pictorial atlas available may facilitate the visual assessment of 123I FP-CIT SPECT scans.

scholarly journals Expression Analysis of Circulating miR-22, miR-122, miR-217 and miR-367 as Promising Biomarkers of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh hosseinpour-soleimani ◽  
Gholamreza Khamisipour ◽  
Zahra Derakhshan ◽  
Bahram Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Expression Levels

Abstract Background Currently, the role of serum-based biomarkers such as microRNAs in cancer diagnosis has been extensively established. This study aimed to determine expression levels of bioinformatically selected miRNAs and whether they can be used as biomarkers or a new therapeutic target in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Materials and Methods The expression levels of serum miR-22, miR-122, miR-217, and miR-367 in 21 ALL patients and 21 healthy controls were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the associated area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess candidate miRNAs' diagnostic value as a biomarker. Results The results showed that miR-217 was markedly decreased in patients with ALL compared to controls. Moreover, miR-22, miR-122, and miR-367 were found to be upregulated. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed that serum miR-217 and miR-367 could differentiate ALL patients from the healthy individuals, while miR-22 has approximate discriminatory power that requires further investigation. Conclusion Collectively, the results suggested that miR-217 may play a tumor suppressor role in ALL, whereas miR-22, miR-122, and miR-367 could function as an oncogene. Overall, miR-22, miR-217, and miR-367 could be considered possible biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ALL.

CA549 and TPS Patterns in the Diagnosis and Staging of Patients with Breast Carcinoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G. Vibert ◽  
A.S. Houston ◽  
G.P. Wilkins ◽  
P.M. Kemp ◽  
M.A. Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Variable Threshold ◽  
Individual Marker ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Active Disease

This study compares the clinical value of the breast cancer tumour markers CA549 and TPS, and their tandem use when one or both markers indicate abnormality. For 144 patients presenting with active disease, 33 were classified as Stage I, 37 as Stage II, 40 as Stage III and 34 as Stage TV. For these patients the sensitivity of CA549 using a cut-off of 10 U/ml was 27%, 32%, 42% and 79%, respectively. The sensitivity of TPS for each stage using a cut-off of 100 U/l was 12%, 22%, 28% and 73%, respectively. At these cut-off levels, 36%, 46%, 63% and 91% of patients, respectively, have either CA549 or TPS or both markers raised. For 161 patients with diagnosed benign breast disease, the specificity of marker levels was 96% for CA549, 88% for TPS and 84% for tandem use. CA549 is shown to be superior to TPS and this was confirmed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis using variable threshold levels, with the areas under the curves for all stages combined being 0.74 ± 0.03 (1SD) and 0.66 ± 0.03, respectively. The corresponding area under the curve for tandem use (0.75 ± 0.03) is marginally greater than for either individual marker, although the difference with respect to CA549 is statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Serum Epiplakin Might Be a Potential Serodiagnostic Biomarker for Bladder Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5150
Author(s):  
Soichiro Shimura ◽  
Kazumasa Matsumoto ◽  
Yuriko Shimizu ◽  
Kohei Mochizuki ◽  
Yutaka Shiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings

Tumor markers that can be detected at an early stage are needed. Here, we evaluated the epiplakin expression levels in sera from patients with bladder cancer (BC). Using a micro-dot blot array, we evaluated epiplakin expression levels in 60 patients with BC, 20 patients with stone disease, and 28 healthy volunteers. The area under the curve (AUC) and best cut-off point were calculated using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Serum epiplakin levels were significantly higher in patients with BC than in those with stone disease (p = 0.0013) and in healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). The AUC-ROC level for BC was 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69–0.87). Using a cut-off point of 873, epiplakin expression levels exhibited 68.3% sensitivity and 79.2% specificity for BC. However, the serum epiplakin levels did not significantly differ by sex, age, pathological stage and grade, or urine cytology. We performed immunohistochemical staining using the same antibody on another cohort of 127 patients who underwent radical cystectomy. Univariate and multivariate analysis results showed no significant differences between epiplakin expression, clinicopathological findings, and patient prognoses. Our results showed that serum epiplakin might be a potential serodiagnostic biomarker in patients with BC.

scholarly journals Study On Coronary Dissection Complication Caused by Uneven Rotational Atherectomy Due To Guidewire Bias for Severe Calcified Lesions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ye ◽  
Wei You ◽  
Hong-li Zhang ◽  
Tian Xu ◽  
Pei-na Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Rotational Atherectomy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Meaning ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Calcified Coronary Lesions ◽  
Catheter Location

Abstract BACKGROUND In the treatment of coronary calcification by rotational atherectomy (ROTA), guidewire bias is often considered to lead to procedure associated coronary dissections or perforations. However, the actual meaning of guidewire bias is unclear, though it usually refers to the cross-section location of the intravascular imaging (IVI) catheter in the coronary artery. OBJECTIVES This study tentatively explores the quantitative criteria in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of guidewire bias which may cause ROTA induced coronary dissection. METHODS A total of twenty-one patients with severe calcified coronary lesions who has undergone ROTA treatment were enrolled in our study. These patients were detected by OCT successfully pre- and post-ROTA. All the observational coronary segments were analyzed cross-sectionally at every mm interval after manual coregistration of OCT imaging pre- and post-ROTA. ROTA related coronary dissection was the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 388 OCT cross-sectional images were effectively measured and analyzed for distribution and characteristics of plaque and OCT catheter location pre-ROTA, and the presence or absence of coronary dissections post-ROTA after manual coregistration. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, distance from the center of OCT catheter to media at the bias direction (Dcmb) (area under the curve (AUC): 1.000, p<0.001, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.999 to 1.000) and touch angle (AUC: 0.988, p<0.001, 95%CI: 0.968 to 1.000) had a higher correlation with ROTA-related coronary dissection with the corresponding cutoff value of 0.720mm and 98.2º significantly. CONCLUSIONS Dcmb and touch angle detected by OCT are two very valuable and convenient independent predictors of ROTA-related coronary intimal dissections caused by guidewire bias.

scholarly journals Serum Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity Predicts Prognosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzo Suzuki ◽  
Takafumi Suda ◽  
Kazuhiro Asada ◽  
Seiichi Miwa ◽  
Masako Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Rate Limiting

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major health problem, and there are few biomarkers for predicting prognosis. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a potent immunoregulatory molecule, catalyzes the rate-limiting step of tryptophan (Trp) degradation in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. An increase in IDO activity determined by the serum Trp/Kyn ratio has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in cancers and bacteremia. In TB, however, there are no studies measuring serum IDO activity to determine its clinical significance. We evaluated serum IDO activity with 174 pulmonary TB (PTB) patients and 85 controls, using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. IDO activity was estimated by calculating the serum Kyn-to-Trp ratio. PTB patients had significantly higher Kyn concentrations and IDO activity and significantly lower Trp concentrations (P< 0.0001,P< 0.0001, andP< 0.0001, respectively) than the controls. Of 174 PTB patients, 39 (22.4%) died. The patients who died had significantly higher concentrations of Kyn and significantly lower Trp concentrations, resulting in significantly higher IDO activity (P< 0.0001,P< 0.0001, andP< 0.0001, respectively). In a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, serum IDO activity had the highest area under the curve (0.850), and this activity was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. These results suggest that serum IDO activity can be used as a novel prognostic marker in PTB.

External Validation of Different Scoring Systems for Suspected Choledocholithiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-538
Author(s):  
Nicolò Tamini ◽  
Davide Paolo Bernasconi ◽  
Luca Gianotti
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Bile Duct Stone ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Aim of the Study: The diagnosis of choledocholithiasis is challenging. Previously published scoring systems designed to calculate the risk of choledocholithiasis were evaluated to appraise the diagnostic performance. Patients and Methods: Data of patients who were admitted between 2013 and 2015 with the following characteristics were retrieved: bile stone-related symptoms and signs, and indication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. To validate and appraise the performance of the 6 scoring systems, the acknowledged domains of each metrics were applied to the present cohort. Sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative predictive, Youden index, and receiver operating characteristic curve with the area under the curve (AUC) values of the scores were calculated. Results: Two-hundred patients were analyzed. The highest sensitivity and specificity were obtained from the Menezes’ (96.6%) and Telem’s (99.3%) metrics respectively. The Telem’s and Menezes’ scores had the best positive (75.0%) and negative (96.4%) predictive values respectively. The best accuracy, as computed by the Youden index and AUC, was found for the Soltan’s scoring system (0.628 and 0.88, respectively). Conclusion: The available scoring systems are precise only in identifying patients with a negligible risk of common bile duct stone, but overall insufficiently accurate to suggest the routine use in clinical practice.

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