scholarly journals Comment on “Transmission Model of Hepatitis B Virus with the Migration Effect”

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Ali Lashari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Biology ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Migration Effect ◽  
True Value ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

Some consequences of erroneous results concerning eigenvalues in the recent literature of mathematical biology are highlighted. Furthermore, an improved stability criterion and the true value of the basic reproduction number is presented.

scholarly journals Comment on “Transmission Model of Hepatitis B Virus with Migration Effect”

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Zeb ◽  
Gul Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Biology ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Global Stability ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Migration Effect ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Stability Results

We show the erroneous assumptions and reasoning by introducing the migration effect of individuals in the transmission model of Hepatitis B virus. First, some false results related to the eigenvalues and reproductive number in the recent literature in mathematical biology will be presented. Then, it will be proved that the product of the matrices in the next generation method to obtain the reproductive numberR0is not correct and the local and global stability results based on the reproductive numberR0are considered false.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “Transmission Model of Hepatitis B Virus with the Migration Effect”

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Altaf Khan ◽  
Saeed Islam ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Zahoor ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Migration Effect ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals The effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in different socioeconomic populations in Kuwait: a modeling study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Khadadah ◽  
Abdullah A. Al-Shammari ◽  
Ahmad Alhashemi ◽  
Dari Alhuwail ◽  
Bader Al-Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cross Transmission ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

Abstract Background Aggressive non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) may reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The extent to which these interventions are successful in stopping the spread have not been characterized in countries with distinct socioeconomic groups. We compared the effects of a partial lockdown on disease transmission among Kuwaitis (P1) and non-Kuwaitis (P2) living in Kuwait. Methods We fit a modified metapopulation SEIR transmission model to reported cases stratified by two groups to estimate the impact of a partial lockdown on the effective reproduction number ($$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e ). We estimated the basic reproduction number ($$ {\mathcal{R}}_0 $$ R 0 ) for the transmission in each group and simulated the potential trajectories of an outbreak from the first recorded case of community transmission until 12 days after the partial lockdown. We estimated $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e values of both groups before and after the partial curfew, simulated the effect of these values on the epidemic curves and explored a range of cross-transmission scenarios. Results We estimate $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e at 1·08 (95% CI: 1·00–1·26) for P1 and 2·36 (2·03–2·71) for P2. On March 22nd, $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e for P1 and P2 are estimated at 1·19 (1·04–1·34) and 1·75 (1·26–2·11) respectively. After the partial curfew had taken effect, $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e for P1 dropped modestly to 1·05 (0·82–1·26) but almost doubled for P2 to 2·89 (2·30–3·70). Our simulated epidemic trajectories show that the partial curfew measure greatly reduced and delayed the height of the peak in P1, yet significantly elevated and hastened the peak in P2. Modest cross-transmission between P1 and P2 greatly elevated the height of the peak in P1 and brought it forward in time closer to the peak of P2. Conclusion Our results indicate and quantify how the same lockdown intervention can accentuate disease transmission in some subpopulations while potentially controlling it in others. Any such control may further become compromised in the presence of cross-transmission between subpopulations. Future interventions and policies need to be sensitive to socioeconomic and health disparities.

scholarly journals Mathematical Analysis of an Immune-structured Hikungunya Transmission Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533-1552
Author(s):  
Kambire Famane ◽  
Gouba Elisée ◽  
Tao Sadou ◽  
Blaise Some
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Local Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Well Posed ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

In this paper, we have formulated a new deterministic model to describe the dynamics of the spread of chikunguya between humans and mosquitoes populations. This model takes into account the variation in mortality of humans and mosquitoes due to other causes than chikungunya disease, the decay of acquired immunity and the immune sytem boosting. From the analysis, itappears that the model is well posed from the mathematical and epidemiological standpoint. The existence of a single disease free equilibrium has been proved. An explicit formula, depending on the parameters of the model, has been obtained for the basic reproduction number R0 which is used in epidemiology. The local asymptotic stability of the disease free equilibrium has been proved. The numerical simulation of the model has confirmed the local asymptotic stability of the diseasefree equilbrium and the existence of endmic equilibrium. The varying effects of the immunity parameters has been analyzed numerically in order to provide better conditions for reducing the transmission of the disease.

scholarly journals Global dynamics of a Huanglongbing model with a periodic latent period

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Yan Hong ◽  
Xiuxiang Liu ◽  
Xiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Threshold Dynamics ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Huanglongbing (HLB) is a disease of citrus that caused by phloem-restricted bacteria of the Candidatus Liberibacter group. In this paper, we present a HLB transmission model to investigate the effects of temperature-dependent latent periods and seasonality on the spread of HLB. We first establish disease free dynamics in terms of a threshold value <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ R^p_0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, and then introduce the basic reproduction number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ \mathcal{R}_0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and show the threshold dynamics of HLB with respect to <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ R^p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ \mathcal{R}_0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Numerical simulations are further provided to illustrate our analytic results.</p>

scholarly journals Dynamic Analysis of a Fractional-Order Model for Hepatitis B Virus with Holling II Functional Response

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqing Shi ◽  
Ting Lu ◽  
Cuihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Fractional Order Model ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Holling Ii Functional Response

In this paper, a fractional-order model is constructed to describe the transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions are proved. Secondly, the basic reproduction number and the sufficient conditions for the existence of two equilibriums are obtained. Thirdly, the stability of equilibriums are analyzed. After that, some numerical simulations are performed to verify the theoretical prediction. Finally, a brief discussion is presented.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Social Awareness and Rapid Test on A COVID-19 Transmission Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afief Balya ◽  
Bunga Oktaviani Dewi ◽  
Faza Indah Lestari ◽  
Gayatri Ratu ◽  
Hanna Rosuliyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Single Intervention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

In this article, we propose and analyze a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission among a closed population, with social awareness and rapid test intervention as the control variables. For this, we have constructed the model using a compartmental system of the ordinary differential equations. Dynamical analysis regarding the existence and local stability of equilibrium points is conducted rigorously. Our analysis shows that COVID-19 will disappear from the population if the basic reproduction number is less than one, and persist if the basic reproduction number is greater than one. In addition, we have shown a trans-critical bifurcation phenomenon based on our proposed model when the basic reproduction number equals one. From the elasticity analysis, we have observed that rapid testing is more promising in reducing the basic reproduction number as compared to a media campaign to improve social awareness on COVID-19. Using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle (PMP), the characterization of our optimal control problem is derived analytically and solved numerically using the forward-backward iterative algorithm. Our cost-effectiveness analysis shows that using rapid test and media campaigns partially are the best intervention strategy to reduce the number of infected humans with the minimum cost of intervention. If the intervention is to be implemented as a single intervention, then using solely the rapid test is a more promising and low-cost option in reducing the number of infected individuals vis-a-vis a media campaign to increase social awareness as a single intervention.

scholarly journals COVID-19 disease transmission model considering direct and indirect transmission

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 12008
Author(s):  
Dipo Aldila
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
Variation Of Parameters ◽  
The Media ◽  
Disease Transmission Model ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

A mathematical model for understanding the COVID-19 transmission mechanism proposed in this article considering two important factors: the path of transmission (direct-indirect) and human awareness. Mathematical model constructed using a four-dimensional ordinary differential equation. We find that the Covid-19 free state is locally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is less than one, and unstable otherwise. Unique endemic states occur when the basic reproduction number is larger than one. From sensitivity analysis on the basic reproduction number, we find that the media campaign succeeds in suppressing the endemicity of COVID-19. Some numerical experiments conducted to show the dynamic of our model respect to the variation of parameters value.

scholarly journals A Malaria Model with Two Delays

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wan ◽  
Jing-an Cui
Keyword(s):  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Time Delays ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Backward Bifurcation ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Two Delays ◽  
Malaria Model ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

A transmission model of malaria with two delays is formulated. We calculate the basic reproduction numberR0for the model. It is shown that the basic reproduction number is a decreasing function of two time delays. The existence of the equilibria is studied. Our results suggest that the model undergoes a backward bifurcation, which implies that bringing the basic reproduction number below 1 is not enough to eradicate malaria.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis and Semi-analytic Solution to a SEIR-SEI Malaria Transmission Model Using HE’s Variational Iteration Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Timilehin Akinfe ◽  
Adedapo Chris Loyinmi
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Iteration Method ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Gaussian Elimination ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Variational Iteration Method ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Variational Iteration ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

We have considered a SEIR-SEI Vector-host mathematical model which captures malaria transmission dynamics, described and built on 7-dimensional nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We compute the basic reproduction number of the model; examine the positivity and boundedness of the model compartments in a region using well established methods viz: Cauchy&rsquo;s differential theorem, Birkhoff &amp; Rota&rsquo;s theorem which verifies and reveals the well-posedness, and carrying capacity of the model respectively, the existence of the Disease-Free (DFE) and Endemic (EDE) equilibrium points were determined and examined. Using the Gaussian elimination method and the Routh-hurwitz criterion, we convey stability analyses at DFE and EDE points which indicates that the DFE (malaria-free) and the EDE (epidemic outbreak) point occurs when the basic reproduction number is less than unity (one) and greater than unity (one) respectively. We obtain a solution to the model using the Variational iteration method (VIM) (an unprecedented method) to each population compartments and verify the efficacy, reliability and validity of the proposed method by comparing the respective solutions via tables and combined plots with the computer in-built Runge-kutta-Felhberg of fourth-fifths order (RKF-45). We illustrate the combined plot profiles of each compartment in the model, showing the dynamic behavior of these compartments; then we speculate that VIM is efficient and capable to conduct analysis on Malaria models and other epidemiological models.

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