scholarly journals A Survival Analysis on Fuel Cell Technology Patent Maintenance and Values Exploration between 1976 and 2001

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seng-Su Tsang ◽  
Feng-Chen Chang ◽  
Wen-Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Organizational Resources ◽  
Online Searching ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Complementary Resources ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Book Values

Fuel cell R&D activities desirably arrive in patents; the costly maintenance fee challenges managers as well as researchers to whether or not renew existing patents. The key is, will the fuel cell patent’s value be worth renewing? Thus assessment of patent value is essential. Our study focus online searching was made available after 1976, as the initial year to conduct the patent search. Up to 2001, there are 2269 patents classified in the H01M 008/00~H01M 008/24 category, which is the category concerning fuel cell under the classification of the International Patent Classification. Effective exploitation of technology values is subject to the complementarities of organizational resources. The present study used the emerging technology of Fuel Cells as an example to show that firms may commercialize the values of technology according to their organizational resources. By aligning firms’ patenting strategies and the imparities between book values and market values this study concludes a technological ambidexterity with respect to firms’ technology development. The exploitative firms tend to file patents to defend their leadership in the product market as a result their technology is constrained within a firm’s boundaries. The results show that patent renewing decisions are consequence of firm’s constraints of complementary resources.

scholarly journals Technological prospection: the genus Mikania in therapeutic use

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e333101422076
Author(s):  
Nathália Andrezza Carvalho de Souza ◽  
Victória Laysna dos Anjos Santos ◽  
Tarcísio Cícero de Lima Araújo ◽  
Pedrita Alves Sampaio ◽  
Renata Rivelli Menezes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
International Patent

The genus Mikania (Asteraceae) comprises about 450 species of these, 203 are found in Brazil and present several chemical and biological activities. Considering the variety of species and their therapeutic properties, the present study aimed to perform technological prospecting of this genus, since this approach aims to contribute to technological, scientific and innovation research. For this purpose, the patent documents were analyzed, regarding the applicant countries, year of filing and the international classification of patents of the genus Mikania. The search was conducted in the databases World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), European Patent Office (EPO) and the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) in October 2020, using the descriptor “Mikania”; present in the title and/or abstract in addition, documents that included medicinal approaches were selected. Thus, taking into consideration the filing countries, Japan, Brazil and the United States led the patent deposits, with the first document filed in 1991 and the largest number of applications in the years 2000 and 2010. The data concerning the international patent classification are concentrated in subclass A61K, which deals with preparations for medical, dental or hygienic purposes. These results demonstrated the therapeutic and technological potential of the Mikania species and thus which can be evidenced the potential of this study.

scholarly journals Coclassificação em artigos e patentes em biodiesel │Co-classification in papers and patents in biodiesel

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João De Melo Maricato ◽  
Daisy Pires Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
International Patent Classification ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Different Types

Resumo As relações e interações entre a Ciência e a Tecnologia têm sido estudadas sob múltiplos enfoques e perspectivas, destacando-se os métodos bibliométricos e cientométricos. Nesta pesquisa foi  abordada  análise correlacional das classificações (coclassificação) de artigos e patentes em diferentes tipos de organizações (públicas e privadas), na área de biodiesel. Desenvolveu-se uma classificação para os artigos e utilizou-se a Classificação Internacional de Patentes, buscando-se identificar coocorrências entre elas. Com isso, foi possível verificar que a correlação dos assuntos das patentes e artigos, calculada a partir dos quantitativos, é positiva forte, enquanto a correlação dos assuntos identificados por países foi, positiva entre média e forte.Palavras-chave Coclassificação, Relações entre Ciência e Tecnologia, Bibliometria, Cientometria, Patentes e Artigos, Biodiesel. Abstract The relationships and interactions between science and technology have been studied in multiple approaches and perspectives, with emphasis on the scientometric and bibliometric methods. This research investigates the correlations between classifications (co-classification) of articles and patents in different types of organizations (public and private) in the field of biodiesel. It develops a classification of the articles and uses the International Patent Classification for identifying co-occurrences among them. With this, we found that the correlation of the subjects of patents and articles, calculated from their quantities, is strongly positive, while the correlation of the issues identified by countries was positive between medium and high.Keywords Co-classification, Relationships between Science and Technology, Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, Patents and Papers, Biodiesel.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Evaluation and Distribution of Patent Applications to INPI-BR Patent Examiners: A Case Study in the Electricity Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Vianna Moreira Júnior ◽  
Daniel Marques Golodne ◽  
Ricardo Carvalho Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Technological Field ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Examination Process

This paper presents the development of a new methodology for evaluation and distribution of patent applications to the examiners at the Brazilian Patent Office considering a specific technological field, represented by classification of the application according to the International Patent Classification (IPC), and the variables corresponding to the volume of data of the application and its complexity for the examination process. After identifying the most relevant variables, such as the Specific Areas of Expertise (ZAE) of the examiners, a mathematical model was developed, including: (a) application of the principal component analysis (PCA) method; (b) calculation of a General Complexity Ratio (IGC); (c) classification into five classes (very light, light, moderate, heavy and very heavy) according to IGC average ranges and standard deviations; (d) implementation of a logic of distribution, compensating very heavy applications with very light ones, and light applications with heavy ones; and (e) calculation of a Distribution Balancing Ratio (IBD), considering the differences between the samples’ medians. The model was validated using a sample of patent applications including, in addition to the identified variables, the time for substantive examination by the examiner. Then, a correlation analysis of the variables with time and a comparison of the classifications according to the time and the IGC generated by the model were carried out. The results obtained showed a high correlation of the IGC with time, above 80%, as well as correct IGC classes in more than 80% of applications. The model proposed herein suggests that the three main relevant variables are: total number of pages, total number of claims, and total number of claim pages.

Combining classification systems and building the array of keyworks for defining the space of microbiological knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
V. Tsvetkova ◽  
T. Kharybina ◽  
Yu. Mokhnacheva ◽  
E. Beskaravaynaya ◽  
I. Mitroshina
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Keywords And Phrases ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
Viniti Ras

Using various classifiers, which are thought to facilitate analytical work through structuring subject areas, in fact impedes this work. The authors present the method of combining several classification systems, namely the State Rubricator of Sci-tech Information (SRNTI); and RAS VINITI’s Rubricator of Disciplines; Universal Decimal Classification (UDC); International Patent Classification (IPC). The combination of these classification systems solves the fundamental problem which is to obtain the most detailed understanding of any scientific problem. The solution of this problem enables to determine search boundaries, filter out insignificant and irrelevant information on the subject (in this case – Microbiology). In their study, the authors selected the author's keywords and phrases. On the basis of the arrays of author’s keywords and phrases, an essential harmonized list of keywords and phrases for the basic Microbiology local rubricator was designed. Further, the selected keywords and phrases will serve as the foundation for building the ontological model of the discipline, which will enable computerized ontology building. The Microbiology draft rubricator developed by the authors comprises a three-level hierarchy. In particular, the first level is based on the classical concept of classification systems. Rubricator in Microbiology is developed on the basis of VINITI RAS classification of disciplines through the detailing method.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMS USING REFLECTION OR SECONDARY RADIATION OF ACOUSTIC WAVES

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
V. I. Avdzeyko ◽  
V. I. Karnyshev ◽  
E. S. Paskal
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Secondary Radiation ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Predictive Assessments ◽  
Technical Solutions

In this work, to identify promising areas for the development of electronic systems using reflection or secondary radiation of acoustic waves, a patent analysis method is used based on the formation of time series of US patents and comparison between different technical solutions for the number of patents registered in specific subgroups of the International Patent Classification (IPC), and the dynamics of their issuance in the interval 2010–2019. The use of the IPC allows an effective search and classification of any technical solution, a retrospective analysis, as well as the formation of predictive assessments of the development of technologies, involving open resources of various patent offices. As a result of the study, data were obtained that suggest that all systems using the reflection of acoustic waves have been successfully developing for the past ten years. The most promising among them are systems using reflection of acoustic waves and systems specially designed for special applications. Among systems with reflection of acoustic waves, the most promising systems are systems for determining the location of a target by measuring only range using transmissions of intermittent pulse-modulated signals.

scholarly journals Identification of Promising Vacant Technologies for the Development of Truck on Freight Train Transportation Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Sungchan Jun ◽  
Seong Ho Han ◽  
Jiwon Yu ◽  
Jumi Hwang ◽  
Sangbaek Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Generative Topographic Mapping ◽  
Freight Train ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
International Patent ◽  
States Patent

In this study, we identify promising, currently vacant technologies for a Truck on Flatcar or Truck on Freight Train (TFTFT) system by analyzing the relevant patent information. We then apply network analysis from macro- and microperspectives to establish technology development strategies. We first researched the patent database from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) by extracting relevant keywords for the TFTFT system. We then preprocessed the patent data to develop a patent-International Patent Classification (IPC) matrix and a patent-keyword matrix. Next, we developed a generative topographic mapping (GTM)-based patent map using the patent-IPC matrix and detected any patent vacuums. Then, in order to confirm the promising patent vacuums, we technically examined criticality and trend analyses. Finally, we designed an IPC-based network and a keyword network with promising patent vacuums to derive a technology development strategy from a macro- and microperspective for the TFTFT system. As a result, we confirmed two promising patent vacuums. The patent vacuums found were defined as the technical field of rail vehicles suitable for TFTFT systems and the technical field of equipment and systems for freight transfer to rail vehicles. The proposed procedure and analysis method provide useful insights for developing a research and development (R&D) strategy and technology development strategy for a TFTFT system.

Machine Learning Verdict of EEG Signals in Brain Computer Interface

2018 ◽  
pp. 429-441
Author(s):  
M. Jeyanthi ◽  
C. Velayutham
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Data Mining Technique ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Irrelevant Attributes

In Science and Technology Development BCI plays a vital role in the field of Research. Classification is a data mining technique used to predict group membership for data instances. Analyses of BCI data are challenging because feature extraction and classification of these data are more difficult as compared with those applied to raw data. In this paper, We extracted features using statistical Haralick features from the raw EEG data . Then the features are Normalized, Binning is used to improve the accuracy of the predictive models by reducing noise and eliminate some irrelevant attributes and then the classification is performed using different classification techniques such as Naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbor classifier, SVM classifier using BCI dataset. Finally we propose the SVM classification algorithm for the BCI data set.

Patent-information investigation in the field of photogrammetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 951 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
V.V. Zabavnikov ◽  
A.N. Kobiakov ◽  
S.V. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Patent Information ◽  
Inventive Activity ◽  
Patent Documents ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Technical Solutions

Informational and analytical studying patent documentation shows the patenting situation either in general in a specific technological area or the patent activity of innovation entities, taking temporal dynamics and the territorial basis into account. Patent-information investigation was carried out in order to get acquainted with the level of photogrammetry technology development and determine its current application areas. Statistical and intellectual patent document text analysis was the basis for relevant data array grouped in 8680 patent families’ creation. The prepared report contains a graphical display of selected patent documents array, related to research topic, analytical and statistical processing. The level of inventive activity was assessed; the world patenting dynamics and location in this technical field were considered. The main groups on the International Patent Classification, as well as the main technological directions, where technical solutions related to the object of study to be patented, are identified. Information on the leading applicants/ patent holders in this technical field is provided; the list of the most cited patent documents is considered.

Future Directions

2020 ◽  
pp. 476-479
Author(s):  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Kyle A. Faust ◽  
David Faust
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Levels Of Use ◽  
Pornography Use ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Mental Health Treatments ◽  
The Many

As digital technology development continues to expand, both its positive and negative applications have also grown. As such, it is essential to continue gathering data on the many types of digital technologies, their overall effects, and their impact on public health. The World Health Organization’s inclusion of Gaming Disorder in the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) indicates that some of the problematic effects of gaming are similar to those of substance-use disorders and gambling. Certain behaviors easily engaged in via the internet may also lead to compulsive levels of use in certain users, such as shopping or pornography use. In contrast, digital technologies can also lead to improvements in and wider accessibility to mental health treatments. Furthermore, various types of digital technologies can also lead to benefits such as increased productivity or social functioning. By more effectively understanding the impacts of all types of digital technologies, we can aim to maximize their benefits while minimizing or preventing their negative impacts.

scholarly journals Technological Advances to Reduce Apis mellifera Mortality: A Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8305
Author(s):  
Cristiano Ziegler ◽  
Tiago Sinigaglia ◽  
Mario Eduardo Santos Martins ◽  
Adriano Mendonça Souza
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
International Patent Classification ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
International Patent ◽  
Technology Life Cycle

Bees play a fundamental role in the ecological balance of ecosystems, due to the pollination process they carry out on crops, including the production of honey. However, the mortality of bees is a significant concern; bee mortality can occur for several reasons, such as pesticides, mites, viruses, climate change, pathogens and a reduction in food resources and nests. The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most widely used bee for commercial pollination and honey production. Therefore, the main objective is to compare the development of patent families and article publications related to the reduction in A. meliífera mortality. Data on patent families were collected on the Orbit platform, while data on scientific articles were collected on the Scopus database, with a time interval of 1980–2019. Subsequently, the data were analyzed in order to show the main priority countries, main assignees, and main IPC (International Patent Classification) codes, an analysis of the technology life cycle and the correlation between the data of patent families and articles published. The technologies that help to decrease bee mortality showed a technological maturity rate of 27.15% for patent families data and 53.35% for data from articles published in journals. It was noticed that the principal interest regarding the reduction in A. mellifera mortality is focused on universities, mainly in the United States and China.

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