scholarly journals Effect of Sintering Temperature on Membranes Manufactured with Clays for Textile Effluent Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirele Costa da Silva ◽  
Hélio de Lucena Lira ◽  
Rosa do Carmo de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Normanda Lino de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ball Clay

The aim of this work is to use cheap raw materials, such as kaolin and ball clay, for the manufacture of ceramic membranes for application in effluent treatment from textile industry and to evaluate the influence of sintering temperature in the structural and morphological characteristics of those membranes. The ceramic mass was characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Hg porosimetry, and water permeability with desalinated water. The variation in the sintering temperature directly affected the structural and morphological characteristics of the membranes. The increase in sintering temperature of the membranes has raised the average pores diameter from 0.116 to 0.179 µm but decreased the porosity of the membrane, from 40.30 to 25.16% for temperatures from 900 to 1100°C, respectively. The reduction in porosity of the membrane affected the water permeated flux and decrease from 35.82 Kg/h·m2(at 1000°C) to 15.68 Kg/h·m2(at 1100°C). All the membranes have been applied with success in the effluent treatment from textile industry, resulting in the decrease in turbidity and discoloration, reaching approximately 100% of rejection of solid particles.

Preparation of the System of BaO-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 Acid-Resistant Fracturing Proppants

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Wu ◽  
Bo Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Alumina Matrix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Solubility ◽  
Resistance Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

In order to improve the acid resistance and reduce the apparent density of fracturing proppants, TiO2 powder added in the system of BaO-MgO-Al2O3 fracturing proppants were prepared by the technique of pressureless sintering. The properties of the samples were investigated by the measurements of acid solubility, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the acid solubility of alumina matrix fracturing proppants contenting TiO2 of the 4wt% and BaO/MgO with the ratio of 3:7 is 0.15%. It is an important development in acid resistance performance of fracturing proppants research on laboratory. TiO2 is added to the raw materials and then calcine them to ceramics, which can reduces the sintering temperature, promote the densification and improve acid-resistant property of fracturing proppants.

Preparation and Properties of CaF2 Nano-Powder

2016 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 257-260
Author(s):  
Meng Yun Dong ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Jin Feng Xia ◽  
Hong Qiang Nian ◽  
Dan Yu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Direct Precipitation ◽  
Scanning Electron

CaF2 nano-power was prepared by direct precipitation methods with Ca(NO3)2 and KF as raw materials. The influences of presintering temperature and sintering temperature on the particle size and distribution of CaF2 nano-power were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). This study provided an experimental method for preparation of CaF2 nano-power. The results show that the best presintering temperature of CaF2 nano-power is 500°C and the best sintering temperature of CaF2 ceramic is 900°C.

scholarly journals Research on the Preparation and Properties of High Belite Sulphoaluminate Cement (HBSAC) Based on Various Industrial Solid Wastes

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunlei Su ◽  
Gongbing Yue ◽  
Qiuyi Li ◽  
Yuanxin Guo ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulphoaluminate Cement ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Cement Clinkers

In this study, a variety of industrial solid wastes, including petroleum coke desulfurization slag, fly ash and carbide slag with natural resource bauxite, were used as raw materials to prepare high belite suphoaluminate cement, which contains a certain CaSO4 content without adding natural gypsum to the clinker. The sintering temperature, mineral composition, and the physical and mechanical properties of the cement clinkers were investigated. The techniques adopted included a comprehensive thermal analysis (DSC-TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that it is completely feasible to prepare high belite sulphoaluminate cement with the various industrial solid wastes mentioned above and the utilization rate of the solid wastes is up to 80%. The sintering temperature ranges from 1225 °C to 1350 °C, and the optimal sintering temperature is approximately 1300 °C. The clinkers prepared at 1300 °C set and harden quickly and have a slightly higher water requirement of normal consistency. The mechanical strength is greatly affected by the CaSO4 and 3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4 contents and the most reasonable CaSO4 content is 15%.

XRD Analysis of Al-6vol%SnPb Composites Fabricated by Cold Forging Process with Various Sintering Temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 1087 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Marwan Zakaria ◽  
Siti Rodiah Karim ◽  
Nur Azam Badarulzaman
Keyword(s):  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Forging Process

This paper focused on fabrication of Al-6vol%SnPb from recycled Aluminium and recycled solder and its characterization in different sintering temperature. Al-20SnPb was fabricated by using cold forging process of flakes chip raw materials. Constant pressure (56.4 MPa) was used to implement cold forging process. Various sintering temperature (200 0C, 250 0C, 300 0C and 3500C) was studied to obtain the optimum hardness properties. The diffraction pattern of X-Ray diffraction (XRD) reveals the influence of varying sintering temperature of Al-6vol%SnPb. Vickers hardness result also support that, optimum result obtained is at sintering temperature 300 °C.

Alumina Residue Characterization to Produce Tubular Ceramic Membranes

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1508-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliana Oliveira Guimarães ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
Sidinei Kleber da Silva ◽  
Suellen Lisboa Dias ◽  
Rosa do Carmo de Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Samples

ndustrial wastes recycling become attractive due to raw materials economy (sustainability) and environmental issues. This research objective was to characterize a residue generated during the alumina calcination process (electrostatic precipitator dust), to be applied on the development of tubular ceramic membranes. In this context, two samples were analyzed, a crude residue (sample A) as supplied by the industry and other calcined residue (sample B). As verified by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy by dispersive energy (XDE), the samples A and B showed a high content of alumina in chemical compositions, both close to 96%. Gibbsite and α-alumina crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the samples. At scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, could be observed agglomerates of particles with asymmetric shapes and a wide particle size distribution like was confirmed by laser diffraction, which showed that the particles diameters remained almost unchanged after calcination at 700°C. Results revealed no significant differences between samples characteristics, indicating that the crude and calcined residues could be used to prepare ceramic membranes.

Synthesis of Ba2B5O9Cl Whiskers via Flux Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2567-2570
Author(s):  
Dong Hai Zhu ◽  
Xue Ying Nai ◽  
Qian Qian Song ◽  
Shan Yun ◽  
Yong Xing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Flux Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron Microcopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers with uniform morphology were synthesized by a simple flux method, using BaCl2•2H2O, H3BO3 as the starting materials, and KCl as the flux. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microcopy (SEM), and the optimum conditions for preparing high quality Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers were studied. Results show that a sintering temperature around 700 °C, an Ba/B mole ratio of 1:3 and a raw materials to flux mass ratio of 1:2 lead to uniform orthorhombic Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers with a diameter of 0.4-1.0 µm and a length of 10-25 µm.

Development of Decorative Ceramic Glaze from Palm Fiber Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Mohd Al Amin bin Muhamad Nor ◽  
Nur Hawa Hazwani Ya’acob
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Glaze ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Decorative Ceramic

Palm fiber ashes are the industrial waste which is abundantly available in Malaysia. In this study, palm fiber ash were used to produce decorative ceramic glaze. The content of minerals in the palm fiber ash were analyzed by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), respectively. The formulations of glaze with different composition of raw materials were studied by adding different amount of calcium carbonate and feldspar. The glaze slurries then coated on ball clay body bisque which was obtained from Kg. Dengir and sintered at 1200 ° C for two hours.The glaze was characterized in term of its physical appearance such as type of glaze and colour. Both glossy and matte glaze produced by using different composition of glaze formulation. The presence of silica minerals (79 %) contributed to glossy surface to the glaze. It is clearly seen that the glossiness of glaze improved by increasing amount of feldspar. Feldspar acts as fluxing agent which form a glassy phase at lower temperature. In addition, the presence of small amount of iron oxide (2.2 wt.%) contributed to brown colour of glaze. An addition of calcium carbonate give effect to the colour of glaze, which change from brown to yellow colour as amount of CaCO3 increased. As a conclusion, the palm fibre ashes were highly suitable to supply abundant and cheap raw materials to produce decorative ceramic glaze.

Utilizing Iron Tailing, Sludge and Fly Ash to Prepare Ceramsites

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Zi Wang ◽  
Hongjun Chen ◽  
Chunhu Yu ◽  
Zeyang Xue ◽  
Pengxiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Duration Time

Background: The deposits of iron tailing will pose a great risk of environmental pollution and serious landscape impact which will affect the quality of life of humans. Therefore, it is urgent to utilize iron tailing to produce valuable products. Methods: The tailing ceramsites were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The roles of the tailing content, sintering temperature and duration time in the performance of the tailing ceramsites were analysed and the optimal sintering parameters were determined. Results: The bulk density, apparent density and cylinder compressive strength of the tailing ceramsites increase considerably with the increase of the sintering temperature and duration time. The cylinder compressive strength of the tailing ceramsites increases with increasing the tailing content. The optimal sintering parameter is 1100°C for 40 min. The cylinder compressive strength of the tailing ceramsites obtained at 1100°C for 40 min reaches 10.1 MPa. XRD analysis shows that the tailing ceramsites mainly consist of CaSiO3, Al2SiO5, MgSiO3, Ca7Si2P2O16, CaAl2Si2O8, Ca2Fe2O5 and SiO2 phases when the sintering temperature and duration time were increased to 1100°C and 40 min, respectively. Conclusion: The tailing ceramsites were obtained from iron tailing, sludge and fly ash as the raw materials at 1100°C for 40 min. The obtained ceramsites exhibited high mechanical performance.

Preparation of the System of MgO-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Y2O3 Wear-Resistant Alumina Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 542-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xiong ◽  
Bo Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Alumina Ceramics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Samples

In order to improve the wear resistance and reduce the sintering temperature of alumina ceramics, Y2O3powder added in the system of MgO-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3alumina ceramics were prepared by the technique of pressureless sintering. The properties of the ceramic samples were investigated by the measurements of bulk density, wear rate, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the wear rate of alumina ceramic contenting Y2O3 of the 0.8wt% is 0.041‰. Adding the yttrium oxide to the raw materials and then calcine them to ceramics, which can reduces the sintering temperature, promote the densification and improve wear-resistant property of alumina ceramics.

Influence of Compound Bonding Agent on the Performance and the Microstructure of Proppant

2013 ◽  
Vol 575-576 ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jie Jing Sun ◽  
Lu Lu Qin ◽  
Xue Hua Song
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sintered Sample ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
National Standard ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Xrd Method

Low-density proppants have been developed using two kinds of bauxites containing different ratios of aluminum as main raw materials and compound liquid as a binding agent. The influences of the amount of compound bonding agent and the sintering temperature on the performance of the proppant were studied. The phase composition of calcined sample was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The microstructure of the sintered sample was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is shown that the proppant prepared with increasing compound bonding agent can meet the national standard. With the increase of the sintering temperature, mullite with uniform grain size is formed.

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