scholarly journals Physiological Responses ofKosteletzkya virginicato Coastal Wetland Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Tang ◽  
Honglei Wang ◽  
Hongbo Shao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Osmotic Regulation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Kosteletzkya Virginica ◽  
Relative Membrane Permeability

Effects of salinity on growth and physiological indices ofKosteletzkya virginicaseedlings were studied. Plant height, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) increased at 100 mM NaCl and slightly declined at 200 mM, but higher salinity induced a significant reduction. Chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E) were not affected under moderate salinities, while markedly decreased at severe salinities except for the increasedCiat 400 mM NaCl. Furthermore, no significant differences ofFv/Fmand ΦPSII were found at lower than 200 mM NaCl, whereas higher salinity caused the declines ofFv/Fm, ΦPSII, and qP similar toPn, accompanied with higher NPQ. Besides, salt stress reduced the leaf RWC, but caused the accumulation of proline to alleviate osmotic pressure. The increased activities of antioxidant enzymes maintained the normal levels of MDA and relative membrane permeability. To sum up,Kosteletzkya virginicaseedlings have good salt tolerance and this may be partly attributed to its osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity which help to maintain water balance and normal ROS level to ensure the efficient photosynthesis. These results provided important implications forKosteletzkya virginicaacting as a promising multiuse species for reclaiming coastal soil.

scholarly journals The efficacy of different seed priming agents for promoting sorghum germination under salt stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245505
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Chen ◽  
Ruidong Zhang ◽  
Yifan Xing ◽  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Bang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Positive Effects

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] seed germination is sensitive to salinity, and seed priming is an effective method for alleviating the negative effects of salt stress on seed germination. However, few studies have compared the effects of different priming agents on sorghum germination under salt stress. In this study, we quantified the effects of priming with distilled water (HP), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on sorghum seed germination under 150 mM NaCl stress. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight were significantly reduced by salt stress. Different priming treatments alleviated the germination inhibition caused by salt stress to varying degrees, and 50 mM CaCl2 was the most effective treatment. In addition, the mitigation effect of priming was stronger on root traits than on shoot traits. Mitigation efficacy was closely related to both the type of agent and the concentration of the solution. Principal component analysis showed that all concentrations of CaCl2 had higher scores and were clearly distinguished from other treatments based on their positive effects on all germination traits. The effects of the other agents varied with concentration. The priming treatments were divided into three categories based on their priming efficacy, and the 50, 100, and 150 mM CaCl2 treatments were placed in the first category. The 150 mM KCl, 10% PEG, HP, 150 mM NaCl, 30% PEG, and 50 mM KCl treatments were placed in the second category, and the 100 mM NaCl, 100 mM KCl, 20% PEG, and 50 mM NaCl treatments were least effective and were placed in the third category. Choosing appropriate priming agents and methods for future research and applications can ensure that crop seeds germinate healthily under saline conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of partial defoliation on the growth, ion relations and photosynthesis of Lycium chinense Mill. under salt stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Guo ◽  
Qiong Yu ◽  
Xiaohui Feng ◽  
Zhixia Xie ◽  
Xiaojing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Lycium Chinense ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Ion Relations

In this study, we investigated the effects of artificial defoliation on the growth and physiological response of Lycium chinense Mill. to salt stress. Our results show that partial defoliation increases the plant relative growth rate, leaf water content and dry weight-based leaf Na+ content, and reduces the fresh weight-based leaf Na+ content under salt stress. In response to defoliation, the leaf Na+/Ca2+ and Na+/Mg2+ ratios were decreased, but the K+ content remained unchanged. The contents of ROS and MDA were decreased in defoliated plants. Net The photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), electron transport rate (ETR), actual photochemical quenching (?PSII) and photochemical quenching (qp) were enhanced by defoliation. Together, these findings indicate that partial defoliation mitigates the salt-induced growth inhibition and physiological damage in L. chinense.

scholarly journals   Effects of exogenous proline and trehalose on physiological responses in rice seedlings during salt-stress and after recovery

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nounjan ◽  
P. Theerakulpisut
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Growth Recovery ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
High Level

Two osmoprotectants (proline &ndash; Pro; trehalose &ndash; Tre) were exogenously supplied to seedlings of rice cvs. Pokkali (PK &ndash; salt-tolerant) and Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105 &ndash; salt-sensitive) to investigate their effects on plants exposed to 200 mmol/L NaCl for 6 days and 5 days after recovery from stress. The reduction of growth, increase in Na<sup>+</sup> to K<sup>+</sup> ratio, high level of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content, enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase &ndash; SOD, peroxidase &ndash; POX, catalase &ndash; CAT and ascorbate peroxidase &ndash; APX) were observed in both rice cultivars under NaCl treatments. Exogenous Pro and Tre supplement to NaCl-stressed plants did not mitigate the reduction of growth during salt-stress. Nevertheless, during recovery plants previously supplied with Tre showed markedly higher percentage of growth recovery than those treated with NaCl alone or supplied with Pro. The beneficial effect of Tre on growth recovery was clearly demonstrated in KDML105 in which growth enhancement was related to reduction in Na<sup>+</sup> to K<sup>+</sup> ratio. Exogenous Pro was able to reduce H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in both cultivars during salt stress whereas Tre could reduce it only in KDML105. Exogenous Tre did not enhance any antioxidant enzymes during stress but enhanced APX activity in KDML105 during recovery. Exogenous Pro enhanced the activity of APX in PK, and POX, CAT and APX in KDML105 during both stress and recovery period. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Salinity induced deleterious effects on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical process of two varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
Dilruba Yeasmin Jharna ◽  
Sujan Kanti Mali ◽  
Abu Sayeed
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The present study was accomplished to find out the effects of salinity on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical processes of two different groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), varieties viz., Dacca-1, and Zhinga groundnut. The experiments consisted of five salinity treatments viz., control (no salinity), 3, 6, 9, and 12dS/m during germination and vegetative stage of groundnut varieties. Results showed that germination percentage of both the groundnut varieties was significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. During the germination stage, maximum shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and shoot and root dry weight of groundnut varieties were recorded from Zhinga groundnut variety at salt stress. The same result occurred during the vegetative stage of Dacca-1 variety while the Zhinga groundnut variety showed maximum parameters than Dacca-1. Fresh weight, as well as dry weight, of shoots and roots of both the groundnut varieties was also decreased with the increase of salt concentrations while leaf proline concentrations were increased among these varieties. Salinity caused significant (P<0.001) reduction in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content in both the genotypes. Between two genotypes, Zhinga groundnut recorded higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content than Dacca-1. From the studies, it is concluded that the groundnut genotype Zhinga was identified as the tolerant genotype to salt stress than Dacca-1. Overall results indicate that high salinity condition is not suitable for growing the groundnut.

QTL Mapping for Seedling Dry Weight and Fresh Weight under Salt Stress and Candidate Genes Analysis in Brassica napus L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Lin-Tao HOU ◽  
Teng-Yue WANG ◽  
Hong-Ju JIAN ◽  
Jia WANG ◽  
Jia-Na LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Wheat Germplasm for Salt Tolerance

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Quan ◽  
Xiaoli Liang ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Chunjuan Xie ◽  
Wenxing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Salinity is one of the limiting factors of wheat production worldwide. A total of 334 internationally derived wheat genotypes were employed to identify new germplasm resources for salt tolerance breeding. Salt stress caused 39, 49, 58, 55, 21 and 39% reductions in shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot height (SH) and root length (RL) of wheat, respectively, compared with the control condition at the seedling stage. The wheat genotypes showed a wide genetic and tissue diversity for the determined characteristics in response to salt stress. Finally, 12 wheat genotypes were identified as salt-tolerant through a combination of one-factor (more emphasis on the biomass yield) and multifactor analysis. In general, greater accumulation of osmotic substances, efficient use of soluble sugars, lower Na+/K+ and a higher-efficiency antioxidative system contribute to better growth in the tolerant genotypes under salt stress. In other words, the tolerant genotypes are capable of maintaining stable osmotic potential and ion and redox homeostasis and providing more energy and materials for root growth. The identified genotypes with higher salt tolerance could be useful for developing new salt-tolerant wheat cultivars as well as in further studies to underline the genetic mechanisms of salt tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes undre Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MA Malek ◽  
RM Emon ◽  
A Hannan ◽  
GHM Sagor
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L

Three advanced lines (SB02, SB05, SB07) along with one tolerant (Lokon) and one susceptible check (Asswt) of soybean (Glycine max L.) were assessed for salt tolerance in terms of morpho-physiological traits and molecular markers (SSR). The experiment was conducted at seedling stage with four salinity treatments namely 0, 8, 12 and 16 dSm-1 following Completely Randomized design. All the genotypes displayed considerable reduction in their morphological traits, least affecting the tolerant one. None of the genotypes were survived at 12 and 16 dSm-1 stress condition. Among the lines tested, SB-02 and SB-05 were identified as salt tolerant at 8 dSm-1 based on salinity susceptibility index (SSI) scoring. These genotypes suffered less in reduction of leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and increase of Na+/K+ than the susceptible genotypes. For all the traits viz. shoot length, root length, total length, shoot fresh weiht, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, percent live leaves, chlorophyll content and Na+/K+ ratio, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than that of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). All the traits studied showed medium to high heritability ranging between 43.81% (SPAD) to 96.65% (shoot length). The genotypes were grouped into two clusters considering both Euclidian distance and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean analysis. Lokon, SB-02 and SB-05 are on the same cluster as tolerant, and SB-7 and Asset on the other as susceptible to salt stress. The molecular pattern using by SSR marker displayed an average number of 3.33 alleles per locus with PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) values ranged from 0.2688 (sat_655 and satt728) to 0.7680 (sat_210). The highest gene diversity was observed in sat_210 and satt237 and the lowest in sat_655 and satt728 with a mean diversity of 0.5733. The genotypes Lokon, SB-02 and SB-05 could be suggested as a potential germplasm source of QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) analysis for the development of salt tolerant soybean variety. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2020) 24(2): 33-46

scholarly journals The Effect of Trichoderma citrinoviride Treatment under Salinity Combined to Rhizoctonia solani Infection in Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1589
Author(s):  
Askim Hediye Sekmen Cetinel ◽  
Azime Gokce ◽  
Erhan Erdik ◽  
Barbaros Cetinel ◽  
Nedim Cetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Psii Efficiency ◽  
Trichoderma Citrinoviride

Trihoderma citrinoviride protects plants from diseases by functioning as antagonists of many pathogenic fungi or by triggering the antioxidant defense system in plants. In the present study, to uncover the possible alleviative role of Trichoderma against salinity and Rhizoctonia solani infection, strawberry plants were pretreated Trichoderma citrinoviride and then subjected to salinity, R. solani and combined salinity and R. solani. The effect of T. citrinoviride on the alleviation of the effects of salt stress and Rhizoctonia solani infection was investigated by analysing leaf dry weight, PSII efficiency, and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of strawberry plants. T. citrinoviride improved competitive capability against salinity and R. solani infection. It showed 79% inhibition of the growth of pathogen R. solani. T. citrinoviride reduced 63% of the severity of disease in the leaves. Trichoderma pretreatment maximized plant dry weight. The T. citrinoviride-pretreated plants showed higher levels of PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm). Decreased lipid peroxidation and H2O2 accumulation compared to untreated seedlings under salt stress and R. solani infection was observed. Trichoderma-pretreated and –untreated plants respond differently to salt stress and R. solani infection by means of antioxidant defense. As compared to untreated seedlings, treated seedlings showed significantly lower activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), cell wall peroxidase (CWPOX) under salt stress and R. solani infection, indicating that treated seedlings might sense lower stress as compared to untreated seedlings. The study reports the effective adaptive strategy and potential of T. citrinoviride in alleviating the negative impact of salt stress and R. solani infection in strawberry.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Salt Stress in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Crispa) by Seed and Foliar 24-epibrassinolide Treatments

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Ekinci ◽  
Ertan Yildirim ◽  
Atilla Dursun ◽  
Metin Turan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Almost All

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) applications on growth, chlorophyll, and mineral content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Crispa) grown under salt stress. The study was conducted in pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. Lettuce seedlings were treated with seed and foliar 24-EBL applications at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3 μM). Salinity treatments were established by adding 0, 50, and 100 mm of sodium chloride (NaCl) to a base complete nutrient solution. Results showed that salt stress negatively affected the growth and mineral content of lettuce plants. However, seed and foliar applications of 24-EBL resulted in greater shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, and root dry weight as well as higher stem diameter than the control under salt stress. Salinity treatments induced significant increases in electrolyte leakage of plant, but foliar 24-EBL application reduced leaf electrolyte leakage and has determined lower values of leaf electrolyte leakage than non-treated ones. In regard to nutrient content, it can be inferred that 24-EBL applications increased almost all nutrient content in leaves and roots of lettuce plants under salt stress. Generally, the greatest values were obtained from 3 μM 24-EBL application. Treatments of 24-EBL alleviated the negative effect of salinity on the growth of lettuce.

scholarly journals Kinetics of the antioxidant response to salinity in the halophyte Limonium bicolour

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Kinetics Of

The fresh weight (fw) and dry weight (dw) of shoots and roots, the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)], and parameters of oxidative stress of shoots – malondialdehyde (MDA) – were investigated in <I>Limonium bicolor</I>, a naturally salt-resistant halophyte. The seedlings of <I>L. bicolour</I> were treated with different (0, 100, 200, 400 mmol/l) NaCl concentrations. The results showed that NaCl played an important role in growth of <I>L. bicolour</I>. It made obviously promotion of a certain NaCl concentration to growth of <I>L. bicolor</I>, the seedlings of <I>L. bicolour</I> grew best under 100 mmol/l salt concentration, fresh weight and dry weight reached the maximum. MDA concentration of shoots slightly decreased under 100 mmol/l salt stress, then increased with increased NaCl concentration. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased with the increase of the concentration of NaCl in shoots of <I>L. bicolour</I>. The salt tolerance of this halophyte under salt stress conditions is probably due to its ability to exhibit high SOD, POD and CAT enzyme activities and low levels of oxidative stress.

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