scholarly journals Increasing Understanding in Children of Depressed Parents: Predictors and Moderators of Intervention Response

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy R. G. Gladstone ◽  
Peter W. Forbes ◽  
Anne Diehl ◽  
William R. Beardslee
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Marital Functioning ◽  
Parent Status ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Depressed Parent ◽  
Depression History ◽  
Depressed Parents

We evaluated predictors and moderators of differential response to two family-based depression prevention programs for families with a depressed parent: a clinician-facilitated intervention and a lecture group intervention. Individual and family level variables were examined using regression analyses with generalized estimating equations. For the outcome of child understanding of depression, parental changes in child-related behaviors and attitudes predicted greater child understanding (p<0.001). For the parent outcome of behavior and attitude change, across intervention conditions, younger parent age (p<0.05), female parent gender (p<0.01), more chronic and severe parental depression history (p<0.05), lower SES (p<0.05), and single-parent status (p<0.05) were associated with better outcomes across conditions. Effect sizes were moderate, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 SD. Family and marital functioning were not found to be predictors of any outcomes. When both parents were depressed at baseline, there was no difference in the clinician- versus lecture-based approach, and when only the father was depressed, families reported more changes with the clinician condition than with the lecture condition (p<0.05). Findings from this study can help identify intervention strategies that are appropriate for different types of at-risk individuals and families.

scholarly journals Residual and Past Entropy for Concomitants of Ordered Random Variables of Morgenstern Family

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Mohie EL-Din ◽  
M. M. Amein ◽  
Nahed S. A. Ali ◽  
M. S. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Order Statistics ◽  
Linear Transformation ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Generalized Order Statistics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Past Entropy ◽  
Past Life ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Generalized Order

For a system, which is observed at timet, the residual and past entropies measure the uncertainty about the remaining and the past life of the distribution, respectively. In this paper, we have presented the residual and past entropy of Morgenstern family based on the concomitants of the different types of generalized order statistics (gos) and give the linear transformation of such model. Characterization results for these dynamic entropies for concomitants of ordered random variables have been considered.

scholarly journals Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10213
Author(s):  
Elke Loots ◽  
Eva Goossens ◽  
Toke Vanwesemael ◽  
Manuel Morrens ◽  
Bart Van Rompaey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Improve Medication Adherence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Family Based

Adherence to prescribed medication regimes improves outcomes for patients with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness among interventions to improve medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. Literature published in the last decade was searched for interventions studies to improve adherence in patients with schizophrenia or a bipolar disorder. Interventions were categorised on the basis of type, and the context and effectiveness of the interventions were described. Two review authors independently extracted and assessed data, following criteria outlined by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The GRADEPro (McMaster University, 2020, Ontario, Canada) was used for assessing the quality of the evidence. Twenty-three publications met the selection criteria. Different types of interventions aiming to improve adherence were tested: educational, behavioural, family-based, technological, or a combination of previous types. Meta-analysis could be performed for 10 interventions. When considered separately by subgroups on the basis of intervention type, no significant differences were found in adherence among interventions (p = 0.29; I2 = 19.9%). This review concluded that successful interventions used a combination of behavioural and educational approaches that seem easy to implement in daily practice.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Family-Based Group Intervention for Youths with Obesity to a Brief Individual Family Intervention: A Practical Clinical Trial of Positively Fit

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ric G. Steele ◽  
Brandon S. Aylward ◽  
Chad D. Jensen ◽  
Christopher C. Cushing ◽  
Ann M. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Family Based

Immediate Effects of Written Material on Attitudes toward Homosexuality

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1411-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc E. Pratarelli ◽  
Jennifer S. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Biological Determinants ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuals

This study examined whether attitudes toward homosexuals were affected by educational material containing information about the biological determinants of sexual orientation. This study utilized a normed two-alternative inventory on which participants were asked to rate matched items on a 5-point scale. In the first session participants completed one version involving interactions with homosexual individuals. One week later, participants, randomly assigned to one of three groups, filled out the matched alternative form after reading a summary that presented either a biological or environmental basis for homosexuality or an unrelated article. Analysis confirmed previous research that the 40 men had more negative attitudes toward homosexuals than the 40 women but that different types of explanations for homosexuality had no over-all influence on attitudes. More importantly, an item analysis extended our previous understanding of sex differences in that physical proximity to the homosexual individual was the strongest factor associated with attitude change.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Waktu Persilangan Tiga Genotipe Cabai (Capcicum sp) pada Persilangan Dialel

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Retno D Andayani ◽  
Navita Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Crossing Time ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Right

Chili is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia. However, its production is still not optimal because there are not many superior seeds available, which causes low productivity. One solution to this problem is to improve planting material (seeds) by a plant breeding program through a hybridization process. Crossing different types of chili requires the right time to increase the chances of success. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of crossing three genotypes of chili (two introduced and one local). The study was carried out with a factorial randomized design. The first factor was a combination of crosses of three parents, namely Sweet Italian, Garda and Katokkon by dialel crosses. The second factor was the time of crossing, namely at 04.00, 05.00, 06.00, 07.00, 08.00. The results of the analysis showed that the combination of parents had an interaction with crossing time in increasing the dsuccess of the crosses. Each parent combination hah a specific time for crossing. If the female parent was Sweet Italian, the time of crossing early in the morning (low temperature) was more optimal, which was between 04.00-07.00. For Katokkon×Garda crosses and their reciprocals, the percentage of successful crosses increased if it was done at 06.00-08.00. None of the crosses between Garda×Sweet Italian were successful or were entirely lethal. Keywords: chili, crossing time, dialele , introduction genotype   ABSTRAK Cabai merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang penting di Indonesia. Namun produksinya masih belum optimal karena belum banyak tersedia benih unggul, yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas. Salah satu solusi masalah tersebut adalah dengan perbaikan bahan tanam (benih) melalui program pemuliaan tanaman dengan proses persilangan (hibridisasi). Persilangan cabai yang berbeda jenis memerlukan waktu yang tepat untuk dapat meningkatkan peluang keberhasilannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas waktu persilangan tiga genotipe cabai (dua introduksi dan satu lokal). Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, Faktor pertama adalah kombinasi persilangan dari tiga tetua, yaitu Sweet Italian, Garda dan Katokkon secara dialel. Faktor kedua adalah waktu persilangan, yaitu pada pukul 04.00, 05.00, 06.00, 07.00, 08.00. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi tetua memiliki interaksi dengan waktu persilangan dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan persilangan. Tiap kombinasi tetua memiliki waktu yang spesifik untuk persilangan. Jika tetua betina Sweet Italian, waktu persilangannya semakin pagi (suhu rendah) semakin optimal, yakni di antara pukul 04.00-07.00. Untuk persilangan Katokkon×Garda maupun resiproknya, persentase keberhasilan persilangan semakin meningkat jika dilakukan pada pukul 06.00-08.00. Tidak ada penyerbukan silang antara Garda×Sweet Italian yang berhasil persilangan atau seluruhnya letal. Kata kunci: cabai, dialel , genotipe introduksi, waktu persilangan

The Effect of a Family-based Intervention Model On Internet-addicted Chinese Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1021-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhong ◽  
Si Zu ◽  
Sha Sha ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Chongsi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Based

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a family-based intervention program for Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents. Adolescents (N = 57), diagnosed as having Internet addiction, were divided randomly into an intervention group (n = 28) and a control group (n = 29). Participants in the intervention group participated in a 14-session family-based group intervention while participants in the control group received conventional group therapy only. Assessment tools were administered to both groups at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. Results indicted that the family-based group intervention is more effective in decreasing Internet use and enhancing family function.

scholarly journals Who is Saying What on Twitter: An Analysis of Messages with References to HIV and HIV Risk Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Sophie Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hiv Aids

This research aimed to determine the nature of social media discussions about HIV. With the goal of conducting a descriptive analysis, we collected almost 1,000 tweets posted February to September 2015. The sample of tweets included keywords related to HIV or behavioral risk factors (e.g., sex, drug use) and was coded for content (e.g., HIV), behavior change strategies, and message source. Seven percent of tweets concerned HIV/AIDS, which were often referred to as jokes or insults. The majority of tweets coded as behavior change attempts involved attitude change strategies. The majority of the tweets (80%) came from private users (vs. organizations). Different types of sources employed different types of behavior change strategies: For instance, private users, compared to experts or organizations, included more strategies to decrease detrimental attitudes (29% versus 6%, p < .001), and also more strategies to counter myths and misinformation (6% versus 1%, p = .008). In summary, tweets related to HIV/AIDS and associated risk factors frequently use the terms in jokes and insults, come largely from private users, and entail attitudinal and informational strategies. Online health campaigns with clear calls to action and corrections of misinformation may make important contributions to social media conversations about HIV/AIDS.

Overt or covert? Effect of different digital nudging on consumers’ customization choices

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouwang Lu ◽  
Gong (Gordon) Chen ◽  
Kanliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proxy Variable ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Digital Nudging ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to explore the effect of two digital nudging technologies that is overt digital nudging (ODN) and covert digital nudging (CDN), on consumers’ choices of nudged options in the context of online customization systems (OCS). Design/methodology/approach This paper designed a 2 (ODN: yes/no) by 2 (CDN: yes/no) full factor between-subject lab experiment in the context of online travel package customization. This paper collected and analyzed the number of nudged options (the intermediate options) of choices among consumers in these four scenarios. Findings ODN and CDN have positive effects on consumers’ choices of nudged options in online customization (OC). In addition, mixed nudge (a combination of ODN and CDN) has a more significant effect on consumers’ choices of nudged options in OC than using CDN only. Research limitations/implications This study focused only on the choice behavior of consumers in the customization context and did not analyze their attitude change. The present study used vendor recommendation as the proxy variable of ODN and default option as the proxy variable of CDN. A future study could explore other instances of ODN and CDN. Practical implications This study explores the effects of digital nudging technologies in the context of OCS. The study provides clear guidance for customization vendors on whether to use digital nudging tools and their combinations, and which tools should be preferred. Social implications Vendors can adopt digital nudging technology to persuade consumers to choose nudged options. This nudging effect can make consumers’ choices predictable and less uncertain, thus adding profits for vendors. Originality/value First, the study focuses on the impact of digital nudging on consumers’ choices and enriches the understanding of the impact of customization system design on consumers’ choices. Second, this paper put forward a new classification method for digital nudging and proposed, respectively, the effect mechanisms on consumers’ customization choices. Third, this study explores the effect of combining multiple nudging tools in OC context on consumers’ choices, which deepens the understanding of the interactive effects of different types of nudging tools.

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