scholarly journals Study of Direct Bonding Ceramics with Metal Using Sn2La Solder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Koleňák ◽  
Igor Kostolný
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Soldering Process ◽  
Sic Ceramics ◽  
Increased Strength

The aim of this research was to study the direct bonding of ceramic materials, mainly Al2O3and selected metals, with primary attention given to Cu substrate. Soldering was performed with Sn-based solder alloyed with 2% La. We found that the bond formation between Sn2La solder and Al2O3occurs at the activation of lanthanum phases in solder by ultrasound. Lanthanum in the solder becomes oxidised in air during the soldering process. However, due to ultrasonic activation, the lanthanum particles are distributed to the boundary with ceramic material. A uniformly thin layer containing La, 1.5 µm in thickness, is formed on the boundary with Al2O3material, ensuring both wetting and joint formation. The shear strength with Al2O3ceramics is 7.5 MPa. Increased strength to 13.5 MPa was observed with SiC ceramics.

Study of direct soldering of silicon and copper substrate by use of Bi-based solders with lanthanides addition

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kolenak
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lower Shear ◽  
Sic Ceramics ◽  
Cu Substrates ◽  
Ultrasonic Soldering

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of solder alloying with a small amount of La and Y on bond formation with the Si and Cu substrates. Design/methodology/approach Bi2La and Bi2Y solders were studied. Soldering was performed using a fluxless method in air and with ultrasonic activation. Findings It was found that in the process of ultrasonic soldering, the La and Y were distributed at the interface with Si and Cu substrates, which enhanced the bond formation. Addition of La or Y elements in a Bi-based solder also ensured wetting of non-metallic materials such as Si, Al2O3 and SiC ceramics. Originality/value The addition of lanthanides offers a method for ensuring wetting of non-metallic materials. The bond with Si was of an adhesive character without the formation of a new contact interlayer. This resulted in lower shear strength of the bond with Si (8-10 MPa). The shear strength of the bond with a Cu substrate was 22-30 MPa.

Shear Strength and Dsc Analysis of High-Temperature Solders

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Koleňák ◽  
M. Martinkovič ◽  
M. Koleňáková
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Metallic Substrates ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Lead Free Solders

The work is devoted to the study of shear strength of soldered joints fabricated by use of high-temperature solders of types Bi-11Ag, Au-20Sn, Sn-5Sb, Zn-4Al, Pb-5Sn, and Pb-10Sn. The shear strength was determined on metallic substrates made of Cu, Ni, and Ag. The strength of joints fabricated by use of flux and that of joints fabricated by use of ultrasonic activation without flux was compared. The obtained results have shown that in case of soldering by use of ultrasound (UT), higher shear strength of soldered joints was achieved with most solders. The highest shear strength by use of UT was achieved with an Au-20Sn joint fabricated on copper, namely up to 195 MPa. The lowest average values were achieved with Pb-based solders (Pb-5Sn and Pb-10Sn). The shear strength values of these solders used on Cu substrate varied from 24 to 27 MPa. DSC analysis was performed to determine the melting interval of lead-free solders.

scholarly journals Direct Ultrasonic Soldering of AlN Ceramics with Copper Substrate Using Zn–Al–Mg Solder

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kolenak ◽  
Igor Kostolny ◽  
Jaromir Drapala ◽  
Paulina Zackova ◽  
Marcel Kuruc
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Ultrasonic Soldering ◽  
Maximum Shear Strength

This research aims to develop the direct soldering of aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics with a copper substrate using Zn–Al–Mg solder. The solder type, Zn5Al3Mg, has a close-to eutectic composition with a melting point of 359 °C. The microstructure of Zn–Al–Mg solder is composed of solid solution (Al), solid solution (Zn), an Mg2Zn11 phase and a minority MgZn2 phase. The tensile strength is from 82 to 169 MPa and depends on the magnesium content. The bond with AlN ceramics is formed due to the interaction of active Zn, Al and Mg metals with the substrate surface without forming a new transition phase. Zn and Al elements exert a substantial effect on bond formation with the Cu substrate. Magnesium does not contribute to bond formation with the Cu substrate. Two new phases, CuZn4-ε and Cu33Al17/Cu9Al4/Cu5Zn8- γ, were observed, and form the transition zone of the joint. The maximum shear strength of the AlN/Cu joint fabricated using Zn5Al3Mg solder is 47 MPa. The maximum shear strength of the Cu/Cu joint fabricated using the same solder is 93 MPa.

Research on soldering AlN ceramics with Cu substrate using Sn-Ag-Ti solder

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Roman Koleňák ◽  
Igor Kostolný ◽  
Jaromír Drápala ◽  
Martin Kusý ◽  
Matej Pašák
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Solder Matrix ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power Ultrasound ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Alloy Type ◽  
Fluxless Soldering

Purpose This study aims to solder AlN ceramics with a Cu substrate using an active type Sn-Ag-Ti solder. Soldering was performed with power ultrasound. The Sn3.5Ag2Ti alloy was first studied. Design/methodology/approach It was found to contain a Sn matrix, where both Ag phase – ɛ-Ag3Sn – and Ti phases ɛ-Ti6Sn5 and Ti2Sn3 – were identified. Ti contained in these phases is distributed to the interface with ceramic material. A reaction layer was thus formed. This layer varies in thickness from 0.5 to 3.5 µm and ensures the wettability of an active solder on the surfaces of ceramic materials. Findings X-ray diffraction analysis proved the presence of new NTi and AlTi2 phases on the fractured surface. Sn plays the main role in bond formation when soldering the Cu substrate with Sn-Ag-Ti solder. The Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5 phases, which grow in direction from the phase interface to solder matrix, were found in all cases within the solder/Cu substrate interface. The combination of AlN ceramics/Cu joint maintained a shear strength of 29.5 MPa, whereas the Cu/Cu joint showed a somewhat higher shear strength of 39.5 MPa. Originality/value The present study was oriented towards soldering of AlN ceramics with a Cu substrate by the aid of ultrasound, and the fluxless soldering method was applied. Soldering alloy type Sn-Ag-Ti was analysed, and the interactions between the solder and ceramic and/or Cu substrate were studied. The shear strength of fabricated soldered joints was measured.

Numerical Modeling and Experimental Characterization of the Pyroplasticity in Ceramic Materials during Sintering

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Bene ◽  
Danilo Bardaro ◽  
Daniela Bello ◽  
Orazio Manni
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Firing Cycle ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Viscosity Increase ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Deflection Theory ◽  
Sintering Shrinkage

The aim of the work is the study of the pyroplasticity in ceramic materials in order to simulate the deformations of complex ceramic component during sintering. A ceramic material undergoing densification can be treated as a linear viscous material. Generally, the viscosity decreases as the temperature increases, however the densification and the consequent grain growth, result in a viscosity increase. A bending creep test is proposed for measuring the change in viscosity of the ceramic material during densification. Equations, based on beam deflection theory, are derived to determine the viscosity during the whole firing cycle by measuring the deflection in the centre of specimens. In addition, dilatometric analyses are performed to measure the sintering shrinkage and the specimen density, which continuously changes during the sintering process. On the basis of an accurate experimental characterization the parameters of Maxwell viscoelastic constitutive law are derived. A numerical-experimental procedure has been adopted in order to calibrate the numerical model that, finally, has been used to predict the pyroplastic deformations of complex ceramic components.

Application of Focus-Variation Technique in the Analysis of Ceramic Chips

2019 ◽  
Vol 957 ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Roman Wdowik ◽  
Slawomir Swirad
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Focus Variation ◽  
3D Scans ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Variation Technique

The paper presents the method of a microscopic study of ceramic chips which can be useful in the analysis of physical phenomena regarding machining of ceramic materials. The analyzed chips were obtained on the milling machine tool from the Al2O3 based ceramic material. The measurements were performed using focus-variation technique (FVT). The InfiniteFocus Real3D microscope from Alicona Imaging company was applied. The paper mainly focuses on the methodology of measurements and the application of microscope’s software tools which can be used in the analysis of chips' 3D scans. The conditions of measurement process are discussed on the basis of the results of exemplary measurements of ceramic chips.

scholarly journals Treatment of Soil Contaminated by Mining Activities to Prevent Contamination by Encapsulation in Ceramic Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6740
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Antonio Bernardo-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Álvarez de Prado ◽  
Marta Menéndez Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Different Soils

Mining is an essential activity for obtaining materials necessary for the well-being and development of society. However, this activity produces important environmental impacts that must be controlled. More specifically, there are different soils near new or abandoned mining productions that have been contaminated with potentially toxic elements, and currently represent an important environmental problem. In this research, a contaminated soil from the mining district of Linares was studied for its use as a raw material for the conforming of ceramic materials, bricks, dedicated to construction. Firstly, the contaminated soil was chemically and physically characterized in order to evaluate its suitability. Subsequently, different families of samples were conformed with different percentages of clay and contaminated soil. Finally, the conformed ceramics were physically and mechanically characterized to examine the variation produced in the ceramic material by the incorporation of the contaminated soil. In addition, in this research, leachate tests were performed according to the TCLP method determining whether encapsulation of potentially toxic elements in the soil occurs. The results showed that all families of ceramic materials have acceptable physical properties, with a soil percentage of less than 80% being acceptable to obtain adequate mechanical properties and a maximum of 70% of contaminated soil to obtain acceptable leachate according to EPA regulations. Therefore, the maximum percentage of contaminated soil that can be incorporated into the ceramic material is 70% in order to comply with all standards. Consequently, this research not only avoids the contamination that contaminated soil can produce, but also valorizes this element as a raw material for new materials, avoiding the extraction of clay and reducing the environmental impact.

scholarly journals Effect of LiNbO3 on the Electrocaloric Performance of 0.94BNT-0.06BT Ceramic Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
lei Wu ◽  
Luanfan Duan ◽  
Dongren Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Adiabatic Temperature ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Material System ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Cooling Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

Abstract Considering that the electric refrigeration temperature range of 0.94BNT-0.06BT ceramic materials is 100 ~ 140℃, the electric refrigeration performance of the 0.94BNT-0.06BT ceramic material system was modified by LiNbO3 doping to reduce the cooling temperature. As a result, the refrigeration temperature range of the 0.94BNT-0.06BT ceramic material system was lowered to 25 ~ 80℃, achieving its cooling effect near room temperature, and in this temperature range, the adiabatic temperature changes ∆T > 0.6K.

Preparation of Macroporous Ceramic Materials by Using Aluminium Powder as Foaming Agent

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurulfazielah Nasir ◽  
Ridhwan Jumaidin ◽  
Hady Efendy ◽  
Mohd Zulkefli Selamat ◽  
Goh Keat Beng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Aluminium Powder

Aluminium powder was used as foaming agent in the production of macro-porous alumina ceramic. The porous ceramic material was developed by mixing an appropriate composition of cement, aluminium powder (Al), alumina (Al2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), gypsum (calcium sulphate dehydrate, CaSO4.2H2O), silica powder and deionized water. Different compositions of porous ceramic were produced at 2wt.%, 3wt.% and 4wt.% of aluminium powder. Their mechanical properties and macro-porosity structural of the porous ceramic material were analysed and compared. It is determined that the optimal properties of porous ceramic material were found at 3wt.% of aluminium powder and degraded drastically at 4wt.%. This phenomenon is due to the chemical reaction between the aluminium powder and DI water in which they form aluminium oxide that promotes the strength of the material but at the same time, more pores are created at higher reaction rate between these two fundamental materials.

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