scholarly journals Chlorophytum borivilianumPolysaccharide Fraction Provokes the Immune Function and Disease Resistance ofLabeo rohitaagainstAeromonas hydrophila

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Shib Sankar Sen ◽  
Cheng Chi ◽  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Saekil Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Respiratory Burst Activity ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Serum Lysozyme ◽  
Immune Related Genes

The present study aimed to investigate the effects ofChlorophytum borivilianumpolysaccharide (CBP), as a dietary supplement administered at varying concentrations with feed (basal diet), on various cytokine-related responses inLabeo rohitafingerlings. Immune parameters and immune-related gene expressions were measured at 3rd, 4th, and 5th week after feeding. The results revealed that dietary administration of CBP at 0.2% and 0.4% for 4 weeks significantly upregulated serum lysozyme and phagocytic activity. Complement C3 and respiratory burst activity (RBA) were significantly higher after 4 weeks of CBP feeding. The immune related genesIL-8,IL-1β,TNF-α, andiNOSwere downregulated (P<0.05) in groups with 0.2% and 0.4% CBP supplemented diets at week 4. Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10andTGF-β) was also downregulated (P<0.5) after 4 weeks of feeding with 0.2% to 0.8% CBP. However, five weeks of CBP administration had no significant effect on immune gene expression, exceptTNF-αandIL-8. Fish fed with 0.4% CBP for 4 weeks showed maximum resistance againstAeromonas hydrophila(73.3% survival) compared to control. From these results, we recommend that CBP administration at 0.4% for 4 weeks could effectively improve immune response and disease resistance inL. rohita.

339 Effects of a Blend of Mannan and Glucan on Growth Performance and Immunocompetence of Newly Weaned Beef Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
Godstime A Taiwo ◽  
Ibukun M Ogunade
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Abstract We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a blend of mannan and glucan on the growth performance, diet digestibility, and whole-blood immune gene expression of newly weaned beef steers during a 42-d receiving period. Forty-eight newly weaned Angus crossbred steers (2 d post-weaning; 199 ± 13 kg of initial BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: basal diet with no additive (CON; n = 24) or a basal diet top-dressed with 5 g of a blend of mannan and glucan (MANGLU; n = 24). Average daily gain (ADG) was calculated from weekly BW. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, and 42 for measurement of plasma glucose and NEFA. Expression of 84 immune-related genes was analyzed on blood samples collected on day 42. Beginning on days 37 to 42, total mixed ration, refusals, and fecal samples were collected once daily to determine apparent total tract digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF using indigestible NDF as an internal marker. Immune gene expression data was analyzed using a GeneGlobe Data Analysis Center. All other data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Over the 42-d feeding trial, MANGLU tended to increase final BW (P = 0.07) and ADG (P = 0.06). Compared to CON, beef steers fed supplemental MANGLU had greater DM digestibility (P = 0.03) and tended to have greater NDF digestibility (P = 0.09). No treatment effects (P &gt; 0.10) on plasma glucose and NEFA on d 14 and 42 were detected. Compared with CON, MANGLU increased (P ≤ 0.05) the expression of five immune-related genes involved in recognition of and mounting immune defense against microbial pathogens. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that supplemental MANGLU enhances beef cattle immunocompetence and productivity during feedlot receiving period.

scholarly journals Effects of a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial and fermentation products in the diet of newly weaned beef steers: growth performance, whole-blood immune gene expression, serum biochemistry, and plasma metabolome1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A Adeyemi ◽  
David L Harmon ◽  
D M Paulus Compart ◽  
Ibukun M Ogunade
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Plasma Metabolome ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Abstract We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on the growth performance, whole-blood immune gene expression, serum biochemistry, and plasma metabolome of newly weaned beef steers during a 42 d receiving period. Forty newly weaned Angus crossbred steers (7 d post-weaning; 210 ± 12 kg of BW; 180 ± 17 d of age) from a single source were stratified by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: basal diet with no additive (CON; n = 20) or a basal diet top-dressed with 19 g of the DFM (PROB; n = 20). Daily DMI and weekly body weights were measured to calculate average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE). Expression of 84 immune-related genes was analyzed on blood samples collected on days 21 and 42. Serum biochemical parameters and plasma metabolome were analyzed on days 0, 21, and 42. On day 40, fecal grab samples were collected for pH measurement. Compared with CON, dietary supplementation of PROB increased final body weight (P = 0.01) and ADG (1.42 vs. 1.23 kg; P = 0.04) over the 42 d feeding trial. There was a tendency for improved FE with PROB supplementation (P = 0.10). No treatment effect (P = 0.24) on DMI was observed. Supplementation with PROB increased (P ≤ 0.05) the concentrations of serum calcium, total protein, and albumin. Compared with CON, dietary supplementation with PROB increased (P ≤ 0.05) the expression of some immune-related genes involved in detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (such as TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6), T-cell differentiation (such as STAT6, ICAM1, RORC, TBX21, and CXCR3) and others such as TNF and CASP1, on day 21 and/or day 42. Conversely, IL-8 was upregulated (P = 0.01) in beef steers fed CON diet on day 21. Plasma untargeted plasma metabolome analysis revealed an increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the concentration of metabolites, 5-methylcytosine and indoleacrylic acid involved in protecting the animals against inflammation in steers fed PROB diet. There was a tendency for lower fecal pH in steers fed PROB diet (P = 0.08), a possible indication of increased hindgut fermentation. This study demonstrated that supplementation of PROB diet improved the performance, nutritional status, and health of newly weaned beef steers during a 42 d receiving period.

scholarly journals PSIX-22 Performance, whole-blood immune gene expression, and plasma metabolome of beef steers fed diet supplemented with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial product

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
Ibukun M Ogunade ◽  
Devan M Compart ◽  
Andres A Pech-Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Plasma Metabolome ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Abstract We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial on the performance, whole-blood immune gene expression, and plasma metabolome of beef steers during a 42-d receiving period. Forty newly weaned Angus crossbred steers (7 d post-weaning; 210 ± 12 kg of BW) were stratified by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: basal diet with no additive (CON; n = 20) or a basal diet top-dressed with 19 g of the DFM (PROB; n = 20). PROB (PMI, Arden Hills, MN) is an optimized blend of 6.2 × 1011 cfu/g of S. cerevisiae, 3.5 × 1010 cfu/g of a mixture of Enterococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, and L. casei. Daily DMI and weekly body weights were measured to calculate average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE). Expression of 84 immune-related genes was analyzed on whole blood samples collected on days 21 and 42. Plasma metabolome was analyzed on day 42. The data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with treatment as a fixed effect and BW as a random effect. Compared with CON, PROB increased or tended to increase final body weight (P = 0.01), ADG (P = 0.04), and FE (P = 0.10). Compared with CON, PROB increased (P ≤ 0.05) the expression of seven immune-related genes involved in detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns and T-cell differentiation. Plasma metabolome analysis revealed an increase (P ≤ 0.05) in concentrations of ten metabolites involved in protecting the animals against inflammation in steers fed PROB diet. This study demonstrated that supplementation of PROB improved the performance and health of newly weaned beef steers during a 42-d receiving period.

scholarly journals Effects of a blend of mannan and glucan on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, energy status and whole-blood immune gene expression of beef steers during a 42-d receiving period

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibukun M Ogunade ◽  
Godstime Taiwo ◽  
Zaira M Estrada-Reyes ◽  
Y Jiang ◽  
Andres A Pech-Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Abstract We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a blend of mannan and glucan on the growth performance, energy status, and whole-blood immune gene expression of newly weaned beef steers during a 42 d receiving period. Forty eight newly weaned Angus crossbred steers (2 d post-weaning; 199 ± 13 kg of initial BW) from a single source were stratified by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: basal diet with no additive (CON; n = 24) or a basal diet top-dressed with 5 g of a blend of mannan and glucan (MANGLU; n = 24). Average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) from days 1 – 14, 15 – 42, and 1 – 42 were calculated from daily dry matter intake (DMI) and weekly BW. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, and 42 for measurement of plasma glucose and NEFA. Blood samples collected on days 14 and 42 were composited for each steer for untargeted carbonyl-metabolome analysis (measurement of carbonyl-containing metabolites). Expression of 84 immune-related genes was analyzed on blood samples collected on day 42. Beginning on days 37 to 42, total mixed ration, refusals, and fecal samples were collected once daily to determine apparent total tract digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF using indigestible NDF as an internal marker. Over the 42-d feeding trial, supplemental MANGLU tended to increase final BW (P = 0.07) and ADG (P = 0.06). Compared to CON, beef steers fed supplemental MANGLU had greater (P = 0.01) DMI during the first 14 d, greater DM digestibility (P = 0.03), and tended to have greater NDF digestibility (P = 0.09). No treatment effects (P &gt; 0.10) on plasma glucose and NEFA on d 14 and 42 were detected; however, carbonyl-metabolome analysis revealed increased (FDR ≤ 0.05) plasma concentrations of galactose and glyceraldehydes, and altered (FDR ≤ 0.05) concentrations of some microbiome-derived metabolites in beef steers fed MANGLU. Compared with CON, MANGLU increased (P ≤ 0.05) the expression of five immune-related genes involved in recognition of and mounting immune defense against microbial pathogens. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that supplemental MANGLU enhances beef cattle immunocompetence and productivity during feedlot receiving period.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects of a Bioactive Compound Isolated fromDryopteris crassirhizomaon the Grass CarpCtenopharyngodon idella

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chi ◽  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Jin Woo Jun ◽  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Saekil Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Significant Expression ◽  
Immune Related Genes

In the present study, we investigated effects of compound kaempferol 3-a-L-(4-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranoside-7-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (SA) isolated fromDryopteris crassirhizomaduring immune-related gene expression inCtenopharyngodon idellahead kidney macrophages (CIHKM). The expression of immune-related genes (IL-1β,TNF-α,MyD88, andMx1) were investigated using real-time PCR at 2 h, 8 h, 12 h, and 24 h after incubation with 1, 10, and 50 μg mL−1of SA. Furthermore, fish were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μL of SA, and immune parameters such as lysozyme activity, complement C3, SOD, phagocytic activity, and IgM level were examined at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after injection. The differential expression of cytokines was observed after exposure to SA.IL-1βgenes displayed significant expression at 2 and 8 h after exposure to 1–10 μg mL−1of SA. SA also induced gene expression of cytokines such asMyD88,Mx1, andTNF-α. Furthermore, enhanced immune parameters in grass carp confirmed the immunomodulatory activity of SA. Interestingly, this compound has no toxic effect on CIHKM cells as tested by MTT assay. In addition, fish immunised with 10 μg mL−1of SA exhibited maximum resistance againstAeromonas hydrophilainfection. These results suggest that SA has the potential to stimulate immune responses in grass carp.

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