scholarly journals Effects of Sheet Resistance on mc-Si Selective Emitter Solar Cells Using Laser Opening and One-Step Diffusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sheng-Shih Wang ◽  
Jyh-Jier Ho ◽  
Jia-Jhe Liou ◽  
Jia-Show Ho ◽  
Song-Yeu Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Selective Emitter ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cell Sample ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B

In order to simplify process procedure and improve conversion efficiency (η), we present new steps of laser opening and one-step POCl3diffusion to fabricate selective emitter (SE) solar cells, in which heavily doped regions (HDR) and lightly doped regions (LDR) were formed simultaneously. For HDR, we divided six cells into two groups for POCl3diffusion with sheet resistance (RS) of 40 Ω/sq (for group A) and 50 Ω/sq (for group B). The dry oxidation duration at a temperature of 850°C was 18, 25, and 35 min for the 3 different cells in each group. This created six SE samples with differentRSpairings for the HDR and LDR. The optimal cell (sample SE2) withRSvalues of 40/81 Ω/Sq in HDR/LDR showed the bestηof 16.20%, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 612.52 mV, and fill factor (FF) of 75.83%. The improvement ratios are 1.57% forηand 14.32% for external quantum efficiency (EQE) as compared with those of the two-step diffusion process of our previous study. Moreover, the one-step laser opening process and omitting the step of removing the damage caused by laser ablation especially reduce chemistry pollution, thus showing ecofriendly process for use in industrial-scale production.

scholarly journals Training of Resident Ophthalmologists in Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Study of Two Approaches

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tzamalis ◽  
Lampros Lamprogiannis ◽  
Nikolaos Chalvatzis ◽  
Chrysanthos Symeonidis ◽  
Stavros Dimitrakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Complications Rate

Purpose.To evaluate and compare the efficacy of two different training methods in resident-performed phacoemulsification surgery.Methods.502 eyes of 467 patients who underwent resident-performed phacoemulsification were included in the study by reviewing their medical records. Residents were allocated into two groups according to the method applied during their training in cataract surgery; Group A included residents that were trained with the “step-by-step” method and Group B those trained with the “one-step” method. Primary outcome was the incidence of main complications, defined as posterior capsular ruptures and/or zonular dehiscence with vitreous loss.Results.Each resident performed a median of 63 phacoemulsification surgeries. A statistically significant difference (p=0.0032) was noted in the main complications rate between the two groups, yielding a mean of 17.3% in Group A and 7.25% in Group B. Other intraoperative complications were not shown to differ statistically significantly between study groups (p>0.05). Among the first 40 surgeries of each resident, main complications rate differed also statistically significantly (p=0.0048) between Group A (21.67%) and Group B (8.5%), while a better surgical performance-yielding statistical significance in Group A (p=0.017) was indicated in both groups between the 20th and the 30th procedure.Conclusions.Training in cataract surgery using the “one-step” method may lead to an improvement in surgical competency, when measured by complications rates and, therefore, to significantly better quality of training for resident ophthalmologists.

scholarly journals Comparison between one-step self-etch adhesive and along with additional hydrophobic layer in the retention of giomer at non-carious cervical lesion

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Sultana Parveen ◽  
Mozammal Hossain ◽  
Md. Mujibur Rahman Howlader ◽  
Md. Abdul Hannan Sheikh ◽  
Md. Shamsul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Step ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Self Etch

<p>The purpose of the present study was to assess the giomer retention following application of one step self etch adhesive and one-step self-etch adhesive plus an extra hydrophobic adhesive layer in non-carious cervical lesion. Twenty four participants having bilateral cervical lesion at the maxillary premolars teeth were selected. Following cleaning of the cervical lesions, 24 left premolar teeth were restored with giomer by using the one-step self-etch system (Group A) and 24 right premolar teeth were restored with giomer by using one-step self-etching plus extra hydrophobic adhesive layer (Group B). Participants were recalled at 6 and 15 months for evaluating the clinical outcome. The results showed that at 15 months, 18 giomer restorations in Group A and 21 in Group B were intact inside the cavity and no significant difference was found between the two groups. It can be concluded that giomer restoration used with one-step self- etching plus additional adhesive layer slightly improved the retention of the material.</p>

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Urethral Meatus Morphology and Penile Biometry in Transurethral Prostate and Bladder Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ribeiro Vieiralves ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pereira Conte ◽  
Eduardo Medina Felici ◽  
Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues ◽  
Tomás Accioly de souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Urethral Meatus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Front Position ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B

Objective. To analyze the penile and urethral meatus biometry and its correlation with meatoplasty during endoscopic resections. We also propose a new classification for urethral meatus morphology.Materials and Methods. We prospectively studied 105 patients who underwent prostate and bladder transurethral resections. We performed standardized measurement of penile and urethral meatus biometry followed by penile photo in the front position. The need to perform meatoplasty or dilatation during resectoscope introduction was registered. Data were analyzed comparing the correlation between two groups: without intervention (Group A) and with intervention (Group B).Results. We observed in Group A and Group B, respectively, the average length of urethral meatus of 1.07 cm versus 0.75 cm (p<0.001) and average width of urethral meatus of 0.59 cm versus 0.38 cm (p<0.001). Considering the morphology of the urethral meatus, we propose a new classification, in the following groups: (a) typical; (b) slit; (c) point-like; (d) horseshoe; and (e) megameatus. The point-like meatus was the one that most needed intervention, followed by the slit and the typical meatus (p<0.001).Conclusions. Point-like and slit-shaped urethral meatus, as well as reduced length and width of the urethral meatus, are the determining factors.

Effects of sheet resistance on selective emitter solar cells by laser direct doping

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Sung-Yu Chen ◽  
Chen-Hsun Du ◽  
Sin-Han Yu ◽  
Ojo Frederick Adurodija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Selective Emitter

A Simple and Effective Method for the Preparation of Porous Graphene Nanosheets

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Jin Sun ◽  
Qing Zhong Xue ◽  
Yong Gang Du ◽  
Fu Jun Xia ◽  
Qi Kai Guo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Porous Graphene ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step ◽  
Autogenous Pressure ◽  
The One

Porous graphene is a collection of graphene-related materials which exhibits properties distinct from those of graphene, and it has widespread potential applications in various fields. Several approaches have been developed to produce porous graphene. However, the large-scale production of porous graphene nanosheets still remains a great challenge. Moreover, the costs of some methods are prohibitive for its commercial production and the processes are too complicated and time-consuming. In this work, we propose a simple and green method by which graphene nanosheets can be etched by sodium hydroxide under autogenous pressure at 180 °C. The morphologies and surface elements of the porous graphene nanosheets and sizes of pores were characterized. It is demonstrated that the one-step etching of graphene nanosheets is an effective method to obtain large-scale porous graphene nanosheets with high and uniform porosity. The pores in the porous graphene nanosheets were 6 nm depth (the same as the thickness of the graphene nanosheets) and 30-50 nm width.

scholarly journals The Medical Management of Arsha with Chirabilwadi Quatha and Kaseesadi Thaila Sthanika Abhyanga

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagesh Gandagi ◽  
Shubhangi Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Total Study Period ◽  
Randomized Method

Arsha (Piles) is the one of the most common disease encountered in clinical and surgical practice. Arsha incidence increases with advancing age, at least 50% of people over the age of 50 years have some degree of haemorrhoidal symptoms. In this study an attempt has been made to treat the “disease” with Chirabilwadi quatha (Panartha) and Kaseesadi thaila (Sthanika abhyanga). Total thirty patients were selected by simple randomized method and allocated into three groups called Group A, B, C. Each group had ten patients. Group A. treated with Chirabilwadi quatha(Panartha), Group B. treated with Kaseesadi thaila and Group C. treated with combination of Chirabilwadi quatha and Kaseesadi thaila. Total study period was nighty days in that thirty days was treatment and sixty days was fallow-up. The effect of treatment was observed both in subjective symptoms and objective parameters. Non significant, Significant and highly significant results were observed in subjective parameters, objective parameters and overall in all three groups.

Increased aortic PGI2 and plasma lyso-PAF in the unclipped one-kidney hypertensive rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. H1361-H1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. McGowan ◽  
R. Vandongen ◽  
J. P. Codde ◽  
K. D. Croft
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Group A ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Previous studies have implicated vasodilatory prostaglandins (PGs) in the reversal of hypertension following unclipping in the one-kidney, one-clip (1K,1C) hypertensive rat. The capacity of the aorta to synthesize prostacyclin (PGI2) was compared in clipped (group A, n = 9), unclipped (group B, n = 8 and group D, n = 9), and sham-unclipped (group C, n = 9) 1K,1C hypertensive rats. The involvement of platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent renal antihypertensive phospholipid, in the reversal of renal clip hypertension was also examined. Hypertensive rats [systolic blood pressure (BP) greater than 180 mmHg] were fed a synthetic diet for 4 wk, after which group A was killed immediately, group C was sham-unclipped, and groups B and D unclipped and killed 24 h later. Blood was drawn for the measurement of plasma lyso-PAF (the precursor of PAF) and the aorta removed for determination of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable hydrolysis product of PGI2). BP fell substantially in the unclipped rats (groups B and D) but did not change in the sham-unclipped rats (group C). Mean aortic 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was increased in the unclipped groups [group B, 15.4 +/- 2.4 (SE) ng/mg; group D, 10.8 +/- 2 ng/mg] compared with group A (7.7 +/- 1 ng/mg) and group C (7.1 +/- 1 ng/mg) (H = 13.74, P less than 0.01). Plasma lyso-PAF was also significantly increased in the unclipped (group D, 261 +/- 26 ng/ml) vs. the sham-unclipped group (group C, 211 +/- 23 ng/ml, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Efficient Optimization of Gluconobacter oxydans Based on Protein Scaffold-Trimeric CutA to Enhance the Chemical Structure Stability of Enzymes for the Direct Production of 2-Keto-L-gulonic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lili Gao ◽  
Yuefeng Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Hongsheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Gluconobacter Oxydans ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Industrial Scale Production ◽  
Step Strain

2-Keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG), the direct precursor of vitamin C, is produced by a two-step fermentation route from D-sorbitol in industry. However, this route is a complicated mix-culture system which involves three bacteria. Thus, replacement of the conventional two-step fermentation process with a one-step process could be revolutionary in vitamin C industry. The one-step fermentation of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG) has been achieved in our previous study; 32.4 g/L of 2-KLG production was obtained by the one-step strain G. oxydans/pGUC-tufB-sdh-GGGGS-sndh after 168 h. In this study, L-sorbose dehydrogenase (SDH) and L-sorbosone dehydrogenase (SNDH) were expressed in G. oxydans after the codon optimization. Furthermore, the trimeric protein CutA was used to improve the chemical structure stability of SDH and SNDH. The recombinant strain G. oxydans/pGUC-tufB-SH3-sdh-GGGGS-sndh-tufB-SH3lig-(GGGGS)2-cutA produced 40.3 g/L of 2-KLG after 168 h. In addition, the expression levels of the cofactor PQQ were enhanced to further improve 2-KLG production. With the stepwise metabolic engineering of G. oxydans, the final 2-KLG production was improved to 42.6 g/L. The efficient one-step production of 2-KLG was achieved, and the final one-step industrial-scale production of 2-KLG is drawing near.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effect of Drilling Speed on the Primary Stability of Narrow Diameter Implants with Varying Thread Designs Placed in Different Qualities of Simulated Bone

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Georgios E. Romanos ◽  
Daniel J. Bastardi ◽  
Rachel Moore ◽  
Apoorv Kakar ◽  
Yaro Herin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Drilling Speed ◽  
Group A ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Narrow Diameter Implants

It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant impact of drilling speed (DS) on the primary stability (PS) of narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) with varying thread designs placed in dense and soft simulated bone. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the impact of DS on the PS of NDIs with varying thread designs placed in dense and soft simulated bone. Two hundred and forty osteotomies for placement of various implant macro-designs were divided into three groups (80 implants per group): Group A (NobelActive, 3.0/11.5 mm); Group B (Astra OsseoSpeed-EV, 3.0/11 mm); and Group C (Eztetic-Zimmer, 3.1/11.5 mm) implants. These implants were placed in artificial dense and soft simulated bone using DSs of 800 and 2000 revolutions per minute (RPM). Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were assessed. Group comparisons were performed using the one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc tests. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05. In groups A and B, there was no difference in the ISQ for NDIs inserted in dense bone at 800 and 2000 RPM. In Group C, ISQ was significantly higher for NDIs placed in dense bone at 800 PRM compared to 2000 RPM (P < 0.05). In Group A, ISQ values were significantly higher for NDIs inserted in soft bone at 2000 RPM as compared to those inserted at 800 RPM (P < 0.05). For NDIs, a lower drilling speed in dense artificial simulated bone and a higher drilling speed in soft artificial simulated bone is associated with high primary stability.

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