scholarly journals Energy Efficient Cluster Based Scheduling Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Srie Vidhya Janani ◽  
P. Ganesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Member ◽  
Scheduling Scheme

The energy utilization of sensor nodes in large scale wireless sensor network points out the crucial need for scalable and energy efficient clustering protocols. Since sensor nodes usually operate on batteries, the maximum utility of network is greatly dependent on ideal usage of energy leftover in these sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose an Energy Efficient Cluster Based Scheduling Scheme for wireless sensor networks that balances the sensor network lifetime and energy efficiency. In the first phase of our proposed scheme, cluster topology is discovered and cluster head is chosen based on remaining energy level. The cluster head monitors the network energy threshold value to identify the energy drain rate of all its cluster members. In the second phase, scheduling algorithm is presented to allocate time slots to cluster member data packets. Here congestion occurrence is totally avoided. In the third phase, energy consumption model is proposed to maintain maximum residual energy level across the network. Moreover, we also propose a new packet format which is given to all cluster member nodes. The simulation results prove that the proposed scheme greatly contributes to maximum network lifetime, high energy, reduced overhead, and maximum delivery ratio.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Baniata ◽  
Jiman Hong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

The recent advances in sensing and communication technologies such as wireless sensor networks (WSN) have enabled low-priced distributed monitoring systems that are the foundation of smart cities. These advances are also helping to monitor smart cities and making our living environments workable. However, sensor nodes are constrained in energy supply if they have no constant power supply. Moreover, communication links can be easily failed because of unequal node energy depletion. The energy constraints and link failures affect the performance and quality of the sensor network. Therefore, designing a routing protocol that minimizes energy consumption and maximizes the network lifetime should be considered in the design of the routing protocol for WSN. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering (EEUCLC) protocol which has a suboptimal multihop routing algorithm to reduce the burden on the cluster head and a probability-based cluster head selection algorithm to prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the EEUCLC mechanism enhanced the energy balance and prolonged the network lifetime compared to other related protocols.

An Energy-Efficient Cluster Head and Router Selecting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 1807-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou Zhi Huang ◽  
Xue Zeng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Distance Communication

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based on ZigBee technology are currently popular low-energy, low-cost, short-distance communication technologies that can be applied in many areas, such as industry, environment, agriculture, etc. Energy efficiency is one of the most important research points for WSNs. In this paper, we analyze the existing WSNs protocols, especially LEACH, and propose an energy-efficient cluster head and router selecting protocol (EECRS). EECRS combines both cluster-based and energy-threshold routing protocols to balance the energy consumption of the sensor nodes in the whole network in order to extend the network lifetime. And through the simulation via NS2 software, it is shown that EECRS improves the network performance, network lifetime and data received per energy mount consumption, compared with LEACH protocol.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Trust Node Based Routing Protocol (EETRP) to Maximize the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks in Plateaus

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandoori Srikanth ◽  
Muktyala Sivaganga Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Energy Limitation

<p>Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can extant the individual profits and suppleness with regard to low-power and economical quick deployment for numerous applications. WSNs are widely utilized in medical health care, environmental monitoring, emergencies and remote control areas. Introducing of mobile nodes in clusters is a traditional approach, to assemble the data from sensor nodes and forward to the Base station. Energy efficiency and lifetime improvements are key research areas from past few decades. In this research, to solve the energy limitation to upsurge the network lifetime, Energy efficient trust node based routing protocol is proposed. An experimental validation of framework is focused on Packet Delivery Ratio, network lifetime, throughput, energy consumption and network loss among all other challenges. This protocol assigns some high energy nodes as trusted nodes, and it decides the mobility of data collector.  The energy of mobile nodes, and sensor nodes can save up to a great extent by collecting data from trusted nodes based on their trustworthiness and energy efficiency.  The simulation outcome of our evaluation shows an improvement in all these parameters than existing clustering and Routing algorithms.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals An Energy-Aware Method for Selecting Cluster Heads in Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7886
Author(s):  
Atefeh Rahiminasab ◽  
Peyman Tirandazi ◽  
M. J. Ebadi ◽  
Ali Ahmadian ◽  
Mehdi Salimi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Clustering ◽  
Clustering Protocol

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) include several sensor nodes that have limited capabilities. The most critical restriction in WSNs is energy resources. Moreover, since each sensor node’s energy resources cannot be recharged or replaced, it is inevitable to propose various methods for managing the energy resources. Furthermore, this procedure increases the network lifetime. In wireless sensor networks, the cluster head has a significant impact on system global scalability, energy efficiency, and lifetime. Furthermore, the cluster head is most important in combining, aggregating, and transferring data that are received from other cluster nodes. One of the substantial challenges in a cluster-based network is to choose a suitable cluster head. In this paper, to select an appropriate cluster head, we first model this problem by using multi-factor decision-making according to the four factors, including energy, mobility, distance to centre, and the length of data queues. Then, we use the Cluster Splitting Process (CSP) algorithm and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in order to provide a new method to solve this problem. These four factors are examined in our proposed approach, and our method is compared with the Base station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol (BCDCP) algorithm. The simulation results show the proposed method in improving the network lifetime has better performance than the base station controlled dynamic clustering protocol algorithm. In our proposed method, the energy reduction is almost 5% more than the BCDCP method, and the packet loss rate in our proposed method is almost 25% lower than in the BCDCP method.

scholarly journals Improved Version of Secure Watermarking LEACH: R-Watermarking LEACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4030-4034
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Member ◽  
Node Level ◽  
Head Level

As wireless sensor networks (WSN) deployment are broadly spreading in various fields. Therefore security becomes a vital issue. Most of the researcher's attention is only on utility of sensor network and possibility of sensor network rather than security. In our work we do focus on security for that we consider privacy and integrity the main issues of sensor networks related to security. In WSNs, various schemes have previously introduced by various researchers to manage security, but few algorithm have been considered the privacy and integrity at both sensor nodes cluster member and CH nodes. In our work we have present a secure algorithm to control integrity and privacy at both node level and cluster head level in WSN. In our protocol we have control the integrity by watermarking technique and privacy is managed using encryption technique.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient QoS-Aware Intelligent Hybrid Clustered Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Parvinder Singh ◽  
Rajeshwar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

A wireless sensor network consists of numerous low-power microsensor devices that can be deployed in a geographical area for remote sensing, surveillance, control, and monitoring applications. The advancements of wireless devices in terms of user-friendly interface, size, and deployment cost have given rise to many smart applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, certain issues like energy efficiency, long lifetime, and communication reliability restrict their large scale utilization. In WSNs, the cluster-based routing protocols assist nodes to collect, aggregate, and forward sensed data from event regions towards the sink node through minimum cost links. A clustering method helps to improve data transmission efficiency by dividing the sensor nodes into small groups. However, improper cluster head (CH) selection may affect the network lifetime, average network energy, and other quality of service (QoS) parameters. In this paper, a multiobjective clustering strategy is proposed to optimize the energy consumption, network lifetime, network throughput, and network delay. A fitness function has been formulated for heterogenous and homogenous wireless sensor networks. This fitness function is utilized to select an optimum CH for energy minimization and load balancing of cluster heads. A new hybrid clustered routing protocol is proposed based on fitness function. The simulation results conclude that the proposed protocol achieves better efficiency in increasing the network lifetime by 63%, 26%, and 10% compared with three well-known heterogeneous protocols: DEEC, EDDEEC, and ATEER, respectively. The proposed strategy also attains better network stability than a homogenous LEACH protocol.

scholarly journals Cluster Head Relocation Based on Selfish Herd Hypothesis for Prolonging the Life Span of Wireless Sensor Networks

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Popovic ◽  
Goran Djukanovic ◽  
Dimitris Kanellopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Selfish Herd

Clustering achieves energy efficiency and scalable performance in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A cluster is formed of several sensor nodes, one of them selected as the cluster head (CH). A CH collects information from the cluster members and sends aggregated data to the base station or another CH. In such a hierarchical WSN, some nodes are possibly moveable or nomadic (relocated periodically), while others are static. The mobility of sensor nodes can improve network performance and prolong network lifetime. This paper presents the idea of mobile, solar-powered CHs that relocate themselves inside clusters in such a way that the total energy consumption in the network is reduced and the network lifetime is extended. The positioning of CHs is made in each round based on a selfish herd hypothesis, where the leader retreats to the center of gravity. Based on this idea, the CH-active algorithm is proposed in this study. Simulation results show that this algorithm has benefits in terms of network lifetime and in the prolongation of the duration of network stability period.

scholarly journals A New Energy Efficient Multitier Deterministic Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Koyuncu ◽  
Geetam S. Tomar ◽  
Dinesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) may be incorporated with thousands of small nodes. This gives them the capability to effectively sense, communicate, and compute parameters. However, the security and life span of a WSN node is a primary concern. This paper is focused on introducing a mathematical model of a modified Multitier Deterministic Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEC) based on novel election multi-tier random probability protocol for agricultural WSNs to enhance the life span of a WSN node along with a comparison of it with existing DEC protocol. In the proposed model, the selection of cluster heads, (CH), is done based on the energy drain pattern and location of the sensor nodes, which increased the lifespan of sensor nodes. In addition, several WSN probabilistic routing protocols to save energy throughout data transmissions like Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS), DEC, and Stable Election Protocol (SEP) are explained. Moreover, it has been found that, after some mathematical modification in existing DEC routing, it will be capable to give a more positive result and reduce the energy drain in WSN nodes using a selective cluster head technique based on residual energy of sensor nodes. The DEC protocol is also compared with our proposed modified protocol for showing the energy-efficiency. The energy efficiency of clustering is associated with the field of energy sustainability of wireless sensor networks which is in the scope of Symmetry journal.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Jan ◽  
Haleem Farman ◽  
Huma Javed ◽  
Bartolomeo Montrucchio ◽  
Murad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Grid Based

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are one of the significant technologies due to their diverse applications such as health care monitoring, smart phones, military, disaster management, and other surveillance systems. Sensor nodes are usually deployed in large number that work independently in unattended harsh environments. Due to constraint resources, typically the scarce battery power, these wireless nodes are grouped into clusters for energy efficient communication. In clustering hierarchical schemes have achieved great interest for minimizing energy consumption. Hierarchical schemes are generally categorized as cluster-based and grid-based approaches. In cluster-based approaches, nodes are grouped into clusters, where a resourceful sensor node is nominated as a cluster head (CH) while in grid-based approach the network is divided into confined virtual grids usually performed by the base station. This paper highlights and discusses the design challenges for cluster-based schemes, the important cluster formation parameters, and classification of hierarchical clustering protocols. Moreover, existing cluster-based and grid-based techniques are evaluated by considering certain parameters to help users in selecting appropriate technique. Furthermore, a detailed summary of these protocols is presented with their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability in particular cases.

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