scholarly journals Lespedeza davurica(Lax.) Schindl. Extract Protects against Cytokine-Inducedβ-Cell Damage and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhesh Raj Sharma ◽  
Dong Young Rhyu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
No Production ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lespedeza Davurica

Lespedezahas been used for the management of diabetes in folklore medicine. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of the methanol extract ofLespedeza davurica(LD) on cytokine-inducedβ-cell damage and streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes. RINm5F cells were treated with interleukin- (IL-) 1βand interferon- (IFN-)γto induce pancreaticβ-cell damage. The exposure of LD extract significantly decreased cell death, nitric oxide (NO) production, nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and nucleus factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activation. Antidiabetic effects of LD extract were observed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal rats and by checking the biochemical, physiological, and histopathological parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In OGTT, glucose clearance levels improved by oral treatment of LD extract. The water intake, urine volume, blood glucose, and serum TG, TC, TBARS, and DPP-IV levels were significantly decreased, and liver glycogen content was significantly increased by treatment of LD extract (250 mg/kg BW) in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Also, insulin immunoreactivity of the pancreases was increased in LD extract administrated rats compared with diabetic control rats. These results indicate that LD extract may protect pancreaticβ-cell damage and regulate the blood glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals L-Arginine Supplementation in Type II Diabetic Rats Preserves Renal Function and Improves Insulin Sensitivity by Altering the Nitric Oxide Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Claybaugh ◽  
Sarah Decker ◽  
Kelly McCall ◽  
Yuriy Slyvka ◽  
Jerrod Steimle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
No Production ◽  
Type Ii

Rat studies demonstrated that type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) decreases both the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). L-arginine (LA) provides the precursor for the production of NO. We hypothesized that LA dietary supplementation will preserve NO production via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) causing renal microvascular vasodilation and increased glomerular blood flow and thus increasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This would impede the formation of reactive oxygen species which contributes to cell damage and death. LA supplementation preserved GFR in the treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats. We provide evidence that this effect may be due to increased levels of eNOS and urinary cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which leads to renal microvascular vasodilation. Plasma nitrotyrosine was decreased in the LA treated rats; however, plasma nitrite levels remained unaffected as expected. Marked improvements in glucose tolerance were also observed in the LA treated diabetic rats. These results demonstrate that LA supplementation preserves NO activity and may delay the onset of insulin resistance and renal dysfunction during hyperglycemic stress. These results suggest the importance of the NO pathway in consequent renal dysfunction and in the development of insulin resistance in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Leeches alleviates diabetic macroangiopathy by increasing nitric oxide production in rat aorta and restoring endothelium-dependent vasodilatation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Fang ◽  
Xiu Hu ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
No Production ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Macroangiopathy

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose level over a prolonged period, leading to severe damage in tissues including the heart, blood vessels, eyes and the kidneys. Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule (DJC) is an effective drug for diabetes, but the mechanism responsible for its efficacy remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effective ingredient of DJC that ameliorated diabetes and the possible mechanisms.Material and methodsWe orally treated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats with 540 mg/kg DIC or the same dose of its four active components, namely Leeches, Pseudostellaria Polysaccharides (PP), Paeonia Suffruticosa Andr (PSA) and Rehmannia Glutinosa Libosch (RGL), respectively for 8 weeks.ResultsAlthough all of these components could reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic rats, the extent of alleviation of DJC was more pronounced than all of its four ingredients. Unlike the other three components, Leeches is the only effective ingredient of DJC that decreased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) oxidation to activate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and increased nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to improved endothelium-dependent relaxation both in diabetic rats and in immortalized human mesangial cells under the stimulation of high glucose.ConclusionsLeeches could alleviate diabetic macroangiopathy by inhibiting NO release in endothelial cells under high-glucose condition.

scholarly journals Protective effects of Buchholzia coriacea seeds extract and fractions on blood glucose and hyperlipidemia in diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Theophine Chinwuba Akunne ◽  
Laura C. Ilogu ◽  
Bonaventure C. Obi ◽  
Peter A. Akah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Standard Assay ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Background: The Buchholzia coriacea seeds (Capparaceae) are used in Nigerian ethnomedicine for treatment of hyperglycemia. Our aim, therefore, is to evaluate antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of extract and fractions of Bulcholzia coriacea seeds.Methods: The cut, dried and pulverized seeds were extracted with a mixture of methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) which yielded the crude extract, MDE. The MDE was fractionated using bioactive guided procedure and yielded hexane fraction (HF), ethylacetate fraction (EF) and methanol fraction (MF). Alloxan-induced diabetes, normoglycemic test and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were the antidiabetic models employed, while hypolipidemic study was performed using standard assay kits to determine the serum total cholesterol (TC) triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoproteins (LDL). Acute toxicity test of the extract was performed using Lorke’s method while qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were also performed using standard procedures.Results: The results showed an oral median lethality dose (LD50) greater than 5000mg/kg. The extract and fractions showed significant antihyperglycemic effect comparable and in synergy to metformin, a standard agent. The extract (200mg/kg) showed the highest percentage blood glucose reduction (PBGR) of 52.89% while ethylacetate fraction (EF, 400mg/kg) showed PBGR of 50.84%. Also, the MDE and hexane fraction (HF) showed a significant reduction of TC, TG and LDL and related increase in HDL-C levels in diabetic treated rats.Conclusions: The extract and the fractions of Buchholzia coriacea seeds possess antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects and showed same mechanism of action as metformin, thus providing scientific rationale for its folkloric use.

Flavonoids Extracted from Asteriscus graveolens Improve Glucose Metabo-lism and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadwa El-ouady ◽  
Fatima Bachir ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Asteriscus graveolens. Background: Asteriscus graveolens (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used by the Moroccan population to treat various diseases including diabetes. Objective: This work aimed to assess the capacity of flavonoids extracted from Asteriscus graveolens (FEE) to improve diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Flavonoids were extracted from A. graveolens using the Soxhlet apparatus and using different organic solvents. Normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally by the extract of A. graveolens at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The oral treatment during 15 days was used to evaluate the effect of the flavonoids extracted from A. graveolens on blood glucose level and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test as well as the analysis of histopathological examination of liver was performed. The antioxidant activity of FEE was also assessed by the method of trapping of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), in order to estimate the mechanisms of action involved by FEE to improve hyperglycemia and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. Results: FEE reduced serum glucose concentrations in both normal and diabetic rats and exhibited in the last group lowering total cholesterol and triglycerides effects as well as improvement of the HDL-cholesterol serum level. In addition, a remarkable influence on glucose tolerance was also noticed after FEE treatment. Moreover, FEE was able to improve histopathological status of liver and possess a potential antioxidant effect in vitro. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates the hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of FEE in rats supporting then its traditional use for the management of diabetes.

Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Corrigiola telephiifolia in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr, is a perennial species, woody distributed throughout the north of Africa. This plant is used in traditional Mediterranean preparations and has many traditional uses especially treatment of diabetes. Aim/Methods: The current research was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Aerial Parts of Aqueous Extract (APAE) of Corrigiola telephiifolia (C. telephiifolia) on both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated at a dose of 5 mg/kg for fifteen days. Additionally, the histopathological changes in the liver, morphometric analysis, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in normal rats and preliminary phytochemical screening for various components were realized. Results: Single oral administration of the APAE of C. telephiifolia (5mg/kg) showed no significant change in glycaemia of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In contrast, repeated oral administration of C. telephiifolia reduced blood glucose levels from 4.11 ± 0.10 mmol/L to 3.16 ± 0.16 mmol/L (p<0.01) 15 days after administration in normal rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels decreased from 17.84 ± 1.75mmol/L to 1.93 ± 0.33 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in STZ diabetic rats after fifteen days of treatment. According to the oral glucose tolerance test, C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) was shown to prevent significantly the increase in blood glucose levels in normal treated rats 30 min after glucose administration when compared to the control group. Also, the liver architecture of diabetic rats treated by C. telephiifolia was improved when compared with the liver architecture of untreated diabetic rats. Concerning the preliminary phytochemical screening of C. telephiifolia, several compounds have been found such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage and terpenoids. Conclusion: The results show that the aqueous extract of C. telephiifolia possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity.

scholarly journals Comparing the protective effects of resveratrol, curcumin and sulforaphane against LPS/IFN-γ-mediated inflammation in doxorubicin-treated macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidy A. Saleh ◽  
Eman Ramdan ◽  
Mohey M. Elmazar ◽  
Hassan M. E. Azzazy ◽  
Anwar Abdelnaser
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy is associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages. This has been suggested to be, in part, due to DOX-mediated leakage of endotoxins from gut microflora, which activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages, causing severe inflammation. However, the direct function of DOX on macrophages is still unknown. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that DOX alone is incapable of stimulating inflammatory response in macrophages. Then, we compared the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin (CUR), resveratrol (RES) and sulforaphane (SFN) against lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma (LPS/IFN-γ)-mediated inflammation in the absence or presence of DOX. For this purpose, RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS/IFN-γ (10 ng/mL/10 U/mL) in the absence or presence of DOX (0.1 µM). Our results showed that DOX alone is incapable of stimulating an inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, after 24 h of incubation with LPS/IFN-γ, a significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA levels was observed. Similarly, nitric oxide (NO) production and TNF-α and IL-6 protein levels were significantly upregulated. Moreover, in LPS/IFN-γ-treated macrophages, the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-21 were significantly overexpressed. Interestingly, upon testing CUR, RES, and SFN against LPS/IFN-γ-mediated inflammation, only SFN was able to significantly reverse the LPS/IFN-γ-mediated induction of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 and attenuate miR-146a and miR-155 levels. In conclusion, SFN, at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, exhibits potent immunomodulatory action against LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages, which may indicate SFN as a potential treatment for DOX-associated inflammation.

Hypoxia compared with normoxia alters the effects of nitric oxide in ischemia-reperfusion lung injury

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. L504-L512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Huang ◽  
P. W. Fisher ◽  
E. Nozik-Grayck ◽  
C. A. Piantadosi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
No Production ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
No Donors

Because both the biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO.) and its metabolic fate are related to molecular O2, we hypothesized that hypoxia would alter the effects of NO. during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in the lung. In this study, buffer-perfused lungs from rabbits underwent either normoxic IR (AI), in which lungs were ventilated with 21% O2 during ischemia and reperfusion, or hypoxic IR (NI), in which lungs were ventilated with 95% N2 during ischemia followed by reoxygenation with 21% O2. Lung weight gain (WG) and pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) were monitored continuously, and microvascular pressure (Pmv) was measured after reperfusion to calculate pulmonary vascular resistance. We found that both AI and NI produced acute lung injury, as shown by increased WG and Ppa during reperfusion. In AI, where perfusate PO2 was > 100 mmHg, the administration of the NO. synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) before ischemia worsened WG and Ppa. Pmv also increased, suggesting a hydrostatic mechanism involved in edema formation. The effects of L-NAME could be attenuated by giving L-arginine and exogenous NO. donors before ischemia or before reperfusion. Partial protection was also provided by superoxide dismutase. In contrast, lung injury in NI at perfusate PO2 of 25-30 mmHg was attenuated by L-NAME; this effect could be reversed by L-arginine. Exogenous NO. donors given either before ischemia or before reperfusion, however, did not increase lung injury. NO. production was measured by quantifying the total nitrogen oxides (NOx) accumulating in the perfusate. The average rate of NOx accumulation was greater in AI than in NI. We conclude that hypoxia prevented the protective effects of NO on AI lung injury. The effects of hypoxia may be related to lower NO. production relative to oxidant stress during IR and/or altered metabolic fates of NO.-mediated production of peroxynitrite by hypoxic ischemia.

Attenuation of erythrocyte membrane oxidative stress bySesbania grandiflorain streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrabose Sureka ◽  
Thiyagarajan Ramesh ◽  
Vavamohaideen Hazeena Begum
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Effects

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Sesbania grandiflora flower (SGF) extract on erythrocyte membrane in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Adult male albino rats of Wistar strain, weighing 190–220 g, were made diabetic by an intraperitonial administration of STZ (45 mg/kg). Normal and diabetic rats were treated with SGF, and diabetic rats were also treated with glibenclamide as drug control, for 45 days. In this study plasma insulin and haemoglobin levels were decreased and blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation markers, and osmotic fragility levels were increased in diabetic rats. Moreover, erythrocytes antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were altered. Similarly, the activities of total ATPases, Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase were also decreased in the erythrocytes of diabetic rats. Administration of SGF to STZ-induced diabetic rats reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels with increased levels of insulin and haemoglobin. Moreover, SGF reversed the protein and lipid peroxidation markers, osmotic fragility, membrane-bound ATPases activities, and antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that SGF could provide a protective effect on diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress-associated diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale stem bark on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2440-2454
Author(s):  
D. A. Omoboyowa ◽  
F. O. Afolabi ◽  
T. C. Aribigbola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Β Cells

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol stem bark extract of Anacardium occidentale (MSBEAO) was investigated using an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. Alloxan administration induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant status resulting in the disruption of the β-cells of the pancreas. Therefore, this study examines the antioxidant potential of the plant extract and the ameliorating effect on the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. MSBEAO, at a concentration of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The hypoglycemic effect, oral glucose tolerance test, and biochemical assay of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were assayed using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and phenols at moderate concentrations. The lethality dose (LD50) of the plant extract was found to be equal to or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract on the non-diabetic rats revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose concentration of animals administered with 1 g/kg b.w. of the extract, compared to normal control rats administered with normal saline. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the methanol extract exerted the highest response, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of administration, compared to the control rats. The methanol extract yielded the highest blood glucose lowering effects after 9 days of treatment (p<0.05), compared to diabetic rats administered with normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg b.w. of glibenclamide. Administration of the extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. showed improved pancreas architecture and regeneration of the β-cells, compared with the pancreas of animals in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MSBEAO is a potentially effective agent for the management of diabetes which might result from the antioxidant-generating capacity of the stem bark.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic Effect of a Polyherbal Formulation on Blood Glucose in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Abednego Okeoghene Warri ◽  
Emuesiri Goodies Moke ◽  
Aishat Oyinkansola Balogun ◽  
Kennedy Chibogu Nzeh ◽  
Emuesiri Kohworho Umukoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Herbal Formulation

Madam F. Kayes Bitters® is an herbal formulation commonly used in Nigeria and some African countries in the management of diabetes mellitus and other diseases conditions. This study evaluated the in-vivo hypoglycaemic activity, as well as acute toxicity of the polyherbal formulation to provide its efficacy and safety. Healthy albino mice (20-30 g) and Sprague Dawley female rats (90-130 g) were used for this study. Acute toxicity study (LD50) of the herbal formulation was determined by methods originally described by Miller and Tainter in 1994. Following oral dosing with glucose (2 g/kg) in normal fasted animals, herbal formulation (HF) at various doses was administered and blood glucose levels at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes were taken and recorded. Diabetes was induced using alloxan 150 mg/kg and diabetic rats were given the HF at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg with glibenclamide 2.5 mg/kg used as standard drug treatment. Blood glucose level was determined on 1st day, 7th day, 14th and 21st day. The LD50 was greater than 5g/kg with oral administration. The oral glucose tolerance test showed that the group that received 100 mg/kg HF showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in glucose level after 120 minutes when compared to the basal level of glucose recorded. All treated diabetic groups showed a significant decrease in glucose level on the 21st day. The herbal formulation of Hydrastis canadesis Aloe capensis, Echinacea angustifolia and honey exhibited a significant glucose-lowering activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document