scholarly journals The Clinical Status of Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyun Wang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yaqi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Skeletal Myoblasts ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pros And Cons

Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is becoming a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the whole world. Stem cell-based therapy is emerging as a promising option for treatment of ICM. Several stem cell types including cardiac-derived stem cells (CSCs), bone marrow-derived stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), skeletal myoblasts (SMs), and CD34+and CD 133+stem cells have been applied in clinical researches. The clinical effect produced by stem cell administration in ICM mainly depends on the transdifferentiation and paracrine effect. One important issue is that low survival and residential rate of transferred stem cells in the infracted myocardium blocks the effective advances in cardiac improvement. Many other factors associated with the efficacy of cell replacement therapy for ICM mainly including the route of delivery, the type and number of stem cell infusion, the timing of injection, patient’s physical condition, the particular microenvironment onto which the cells are delivered, and clinical condition remain to be addressed. Here we provide an overview of the pros and cons of these transferred cells and discuss the current state of their therapeutic potential. We believe that stem cell translation will be an ideal option for patients following ischemic heart disease in the future.

scholarly journals Recent Overview of the Use of iPSCs Huntington’s Disease Modeling and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Csobonyeiova ◽  
Stefan Polak ◽  
Lubos Danisovic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited, autosomal dominant, degenerative disease characterized by involuntary movements, cognitive decline, and behavioral impairment ending in death. HD is caused by an expansion in the number of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene on chromosome 4. To date, no effective therapy for preventing the onset or progression of the disease has been found, and many symptoms do not respond to pharmacologic treatment. However, recent results of pre-clinical trials suggest a beneficial effect of stem-cell-based therapy. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an unlimited cell source and are the most suitable among the various types of autologous stem cells due to their patient specificity and ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the cultivation of iPSC-derived neural cells offers the possibility of studying the etiopathology of neurodegenerative diseases, such as HD. Moreover, differentiated neural cells can organize into three-dimensional (3D) organoids, mimicking the complex architecture of the brain. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of recent HD models, the methods for differentiating HD–iPSCs into the desired neural cell types, and the progress in gene editing techniques leading toward stem-cell-based therapy.

scholarly journals Circular RNAs in Stem Cells: from Basic Research to Clinical Implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Juan Lu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Guodong Yang ◽  
Cun-Jian Yi ◽  
Daping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of endogenous RNAs with a wide variety of pathophysiological functions via diverse mechanisms, including transcription, miRNA sponge, protein sponge/decoy, and translation. Stem cells are pluripotent cells with unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Dysregulated circRNAs identified in various stem cell types can affect stem cell self-renewal and differentiation potential by manipulating stemness. However, the emerging roles of circRNAs in stem cells remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the major functions and mechanisms of action of circRNAs in stem cell biology and disease progression. We also highlight circRNAs-mediated common pathways in diverse stem cell types and discuss their diagnostic significance with respect to stem cell-based therapy.

scholarly journals Cell-Based Therapy for Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 2854-2862 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Jeong Park ◽  
Kuniyasu Niizuma ◽  
Maxim Mokin ◽  
Mari Dezawa ◽  
Cesar V. Borlongan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Muse Cells

Stem cell-based regenerative therapies may rescue the central nervous system following ischemic stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit promising regenerative capacity in in vitro studies but display little to no incorporation in host tissue after transplantation in in vivo models of stroke. Despite these limitations, clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells have produced some functional benefits ascribed to their ability to modulate the host’s inflammatory response coupled with their robust safety profile. Regeneration of ischemic brain tissue using stem cells, however, remains elusive in humans. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are a distinct subset of mesenchymal stem cells found sporadically in connective tissue of nearly every organ. Since their discovery in 2010, these endogenous reparative stem cells have been investigated for their therapeutic potential against a variety of diseases, including acute myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease. Preclinical studies have exemplified Muse cells’ unique ability mobilize, differentiate, and engraft into damaged host tissue. Intravenously transplanted Muse cells in mouse lacunar stroke models afforded functional recovery and long-term engraftment into the host neural network. This mini-review article highlights these biological properties that make Muse cells an exceptional candidate donor source for cell therapy in ischemic stroke. Elucidating the mechanism behind the therapeutic potential of Muse cells will undoubtedly help optimize stem cell therapy for stroke and advance the field of regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Application of Nanotechnology in Stem-Cell-Based Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Masoudi Asil ◽  
Jyoti Ahlawat ◽  
Gileydis Guillama Barroso ◽  
Mahesh Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

In addition to adverse health outcomes, neurological disorders have serious societal and economic impacts on patients, their family and society as a whole. There is no definite treatment for these disorders, and current available drugs only slow down the progression of the disease. In recent years, application of stem cells has been widely advanced due to their potential of self-renewal and differentiation to different cell types which make them suitable candidates for cell therapy. In particular, this approach offers great opportunities for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, some major issues related to stem-cell therapy, including their tumorigenicity, viability, safety, metastases, uncontrolled differentiation and possible immune response have limited their application in clinical scales. To address these challenges, a combination of stem-cell therapy with nanotechnology can be a solution. Nanotechnology has the potential of improvement of stem-cell therapy by providing ideal substrates for large scale proliferation of stem cells. Application of nanomaterial in stem-cell culture will be also beneficial to modulation of stem-cell differentiation using nanomedicines. Nanodelivery of functional compounds can enhance the efficiency of neuron therapy by stem cells and development of nanobased techniques for real-time, accurate and long-lasting imaging of stem-cell cycle processes. However, these novel techniques need to be investigated to optimize their efficiency in treatment of neurologic diseases.

Exploring the role of stem cell therapy in treating neurodegenerative diseases: Challenges and current perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Puranik ◽  
Ananta Prasad Arukha ◽  
Shiv Kumar Yadav ◽  
Dhananjay Yadav ◽  
Jun O Jin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

: Several human neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Huntington’s disease, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and brain stroke, are caused by the injury to neurons or glial cells. The recent years have witnessed the successful generation of neurons and glia cells driving efforts to develop stem-cell-based therapies for patients to combat a broad spectrum of human neurological diseases. The inadequacy of suitable cell types for cell replacement therapy in patients suffering from neurological disorders have hampered the development of this promising therapeutic approach. Attempts are thus being made to reconstruct viable neurons and glial cells from different stem cells such as the embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and neural stem cells. Dedicated research to cultivate stem cell-based brain transplantation therapies have been carried out. We aim at compiling the breakthroughs in the field of stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative maladies, emphasizing on the shortcomings faced, victories achieved, and the future prospects of the therapy in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Effects of Neuropeptide Y on Stem Cells and Their Potential Applications in Disease Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Peng ◽  
You-li Zhou ◽  
Zhi-yuan Song ◽  
Shu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Disease Therapy ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a 36-amino acid peptide, is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and other peripheral tissues. It takes part in regulating various biological processes including food intake, circadian rhythm, energy metabolism, and neuroendocrine secretion. Increasing evidence indicates that NPY exerts multiple regulatory effects on stem cells. As a kind of primitive and undifferentiated cells, stem cells have the therapeutic potential to replace damaged cells, secret paracrine molecules, promote angiogenesis, and modulate immunity. Stem cell-based therapy has been demonstrated effective and considered as one of the most promising treatments for specific diseases. However, several limitations still hamper its application, such as poor survival and low differentiation and integration rates of transplanted stem cells. The regulatory effects of NPY on stem cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation may be helpful to overcome these limitations and facilitate the application of stem cell-based therapy. In this review, we summarized the regulatory effects of NPY on stem cells and discussed their potential applications in disease therapy.

scholarly journals Commercial Production of Autologous Stem Cells and Their Therapeutic Potential for Liver Cirrhosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Lin ◽  
Horng-Jyh Harn ◽  
Po-Cheng Lin ◽  
Ming-Hsi Chuang ◽  
Chun-Hung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Promising Source

Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are a promising source of autologous stem cells for personalized cell-based therapies. Culture expansion of ADSCs provides an attractive opportunity for liver cirrhosis patients. However, safety and stability issues can pose big challenges for personalized autologous stem cell products. In the present study, we addressed whether the commercial production program could provide a consistent product for liver cirrhosis therapy. We collected adipose tissue from three human donors by lipoaspirate and isolated ADSCs, which were expanded in culture to reach 1 × 10 8 cells (an approximately 1,000-fold expansion) within four passages. We then examined their morphology, chromosome stability, surface markers, and differentiation ability after culture. Next, we explored their therapeutic potential using a rat model of thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis. Culture-expanded ADSCs were injected intrahepatically, and their biodistribution was tracked by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against human mitochondria. Finally, we tested for tumor development by subcutaneously injecting a 100-fold dose range of cultured ADSCs into immunocompromised mice. Taken together, we find that culture expansion of autologous ADSCs is a potentially suitable stem cell product for personalized cell-based therapy for patients with liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Secretome and Its Potential Application in “Stem Cell-Free Therapy”

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Anna Trzyna ◽  
Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Treatment

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) secrete many cytokines, proteins, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles with beneficial outcomes that can be used in regenerative medicine. It has great potential, and the development of new treatment strategies using the ASCs secretome is of global interest. Besides cytokines, proteins, and growth factors, the therapeutic effect of secretome is hidden in non-coding RNAs such as miR-21, miR-24, and miR-26 carried via exosomes secreted by adequate cells. The whole secretome, including ASC-derived exosomes (ASC-exos) has been proven in many studies to have immunomodulatory, proangiogenic, neurotrophic, and epithelization activity and can potentially be used for neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, respiratory, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases as well as wound healing treatment. Due to limitations in the use of stem cells in cell-based therapy, its secretome with emphasis on exosomes seems to be a reasonable and safer alternative with increased effectiveness and fewer side effects. Moreover, the great advantage of cell-free therapy is the possibility of biobanking the ASCs secretome. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge on the use of the ASCs secretome in stem cell-free therapy.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Retinal Degenerative Microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Lin ◽  
Xiang Ren ◽  
Yongjiang Chen ◽  
Danian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Retinal Disease ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Retinal Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

Retinal degenerative diseases (RDDs) are a group of diseases contributing to irreversible vision loss with yet limited therapies. Stem cell-based therapy is a promising novel therapeutic approach in RDD treatment. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a leading cell source due to their neurotrophic and immunomodulatory capabilities, limited ethical concerns, and low risk of tumor formation. Several pre-clinical studies have shown that MSCs have the potential to delay retinal degeneration, and recent clinical trials have demonstrated promising safety profiles for the application of MSCs in retinal disease. However, some of the clinical-stage MSC therapies have been unable to meet primary efficacy end points, and severe side effects were reported in some retinal “stem cell” clinics. In this review, we provide an update of the interaction between MSCs and the RDD microenvironment and discuss how to balance the therapeutic potential and safety concerns of MSCs' ocular application.

scholarly journals The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in treating osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianning Chen ◽  
Tieyi Yang ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Jin Shao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Orthopedic Diseases

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP), a common systemic metabolic bone disease, is characterized by low bone mass, increasing bone fragility and a high risk of fracture. At present, the clinical treatment of OP mainly involves anti-bone resorption drugs and anabolic agents for bone, but their long-term use can cause serious side effects. The development of stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine has provided a new approach to the clinical treatment of various diseases, even with a hope for cure. Recently, the therapeutic advantages of the therapy have been shown for a variety of orthopedic diseases. However, these stem cell-based researches are currently limited to animal models; the uncertainty regarding the post-transplantation fate of stem cells and their safety in recipients has largely restricted the development of human clinical trials. Nevertheless, the feasibility of mesenchymal stem cells to treat osteoporotic mice has drawn a growing amount of intriguing attention from clinicians to its potential of applying the stem cell-based therapy as a new therapeutic approach to OP in the future clinic. In the current review, therefore, we explored the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells in human OP treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document