scholarly journals Effect of Chromium on Antioxidant Potential ofCatharanthus roseusVarieties and Production of Their Anticancer Alkaloids: Vincristine and Vinblastine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vartika Rai ◽  
Pramod Kumar Tandon ◽  
Sayyada Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Pot Culture

Catharanthus roseus(L.) G. Don, a medicinal plant, has a very important place in the traditional as well as modern pharmaceutical industry. Two common varieties of this plantroseaandalbaare named so because of pink and white coloured flowers, respectively. This plant comprises of about 130 terpenoid indole alkaloids and two of them, vincristine and vinblastine, are common anticancer drugs. The effect of chromium (Cr) on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant components and on secondary metabolites vincristine and vinblastine was studied under pot culture conditions of both varieties ofC. roseus. Antioxidant responses of these varieties were analyzed under 0, 10, 50, and 100 μM chromium (Cr) level in order to investigate the plant’s protective mechanisms against Cr induced oxidative stress. The results indicated that Cr affects all the studied parameters and decreases growth performance. However, vincristine and vinblastine contents were increased under Cr stress. Results are quite encouraging, as this plant shows good antioxidant potential and increased the level of active constituents under Cr stress.

ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF SOME HERBS REPRESENTED IN ARMENIAN FLORA AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1 (254)) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Mikael M. Ginovyan ◽  
Naira Zh. Sahakyan ◽  
Margarit T. Petrosyan ◽  
Armen H. Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Sanguisorba Officinalis ◽  
Promising Source

Adverse effect of oxidative stress is a huge problem in medicine. In several circumstances, exogenous antioxidants are needed to regulate the amount of reactive species in the body. Plants are considered as a promising source for new antioxidant compounds. The goal of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of extracts of the following herbs: Agrimonia eupatoria, Hypericum alpestre, Rumex obtusifolius and Sanguisorba officinalis using different chemical-based tests. GC-MS technique was used for identification of plant’s volatile bio-active constituents. The results revealed good potential of the tested herbs as sources for new antioxidant compounds.

Verbascum sinaiticum: A Rich Source of Antioxidant Phenylethanoid Glycosides

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaira Yasmeen Gondal ◽  
Roshan Zamir ◽  
Muhammad Nisar ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Soluble Part

Background: The genus Verbascum is well documented for its antioxidant potential but Verbascum sinaiticum is comparatively less studied plant. The current study was carried out to search for antioxidant nutraceuticals from this species. Objective: To explore the antioxidant potential of Verbascum sinaiticum and to identify its active constituents. Methods: The methanolic extract of air-dried aerial part of the Verbascum sinaiticum was partitioned with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The water-soluble part of ethyl acetate afforded six phenylethanoid glycosides by repeated chromatography over Sephadex LH-20, silica gel and ODS columns. Antioxidant activity of solvent extracts and isolated constituents were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Results: Six phenylethanoid glycosides was isolated and characterized as Verbascoside, Eukovoside, Martynoside, Jionoside D, Campneoside I and Campneoside II, from the most active fraction. Conclusion: Verbascum sinaiticum demonstrated prospective antioxidant activity. The watersoluble part of EtOAc (WSEAE) was found the most active extract whereas Verbascoside was identified as the most potent constituent. All isolated compounds exhibited significant antioxidant activity whereas their synergistic effect was found prominent in the parent fraction.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Nrf2 in Renal Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Melania Guerrero-Hue ◽  
Sandra Rayego-Mateos ◽  
Cristina Vázquez-Carballo ◽  
Alejandra Palomino-Antolín ◽  
Cristina García-Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest-growing causes of death and is predicted to become by 2040 the fifth global cause of death. CKD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. However, therapies to slow or prevent CKD progression remain an unmet need. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in protection against oxidative stress and regulation of the inflammatory response. Consequently, the use of compounds targeting Nrf2 has generated growing interest for nephrologists. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Nrf2-inducing strategies prevent CKD progression and protect from acute kidney injury (AKI). In this article, we review current knowledge on the protective mechanisms mediated by Nrf2 against kidney injury, novel therapeutic strategies to induce Nrf2 activation, and the status of ongoing clinical trials targeting Nrf2 in renal diseases.

B- to Plasma-Cell Terminal Differentiation Entails Oxidative Stress and Profound Reshaping of the Antioxidant Responses

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1133-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Bertolotti ◽  
Sun Hee Yim ◽  
Jose M. Garcia-Manteiga ◽  
Silvia Masciarelli ◽  
Yoo-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Antioxidant Responses

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnomedicinal Status and Phytochemical Analysis of Berberis lyceum Royle

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Faheem Uddin ◽  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

Berberis lyceum Royle has such pronounced medicinal values that it is used as cure of many diseases and has exhibited great therapeutic effects among the local communities throughout the world. The present research was carried out to evaluate the quantitative ethnobotanical status and phytochemical analysis of B. lyceum. Regular field trips were arranged to the study area (Shangla District) in August 2017 to October 2019 and interviews with 100 residents (age range: 30 to 50 years) were conducted. The approach adopted for ethnobotanical data was semi-scientific as the inhabitants were not aware about the modern names of some diseases and therefore physician prescriptions were also consulted. Ethnobotanical data were examined using relative frequency of citation and % use value. The % use value of B. lyceum indicates that the people of District Shangla mostly used it for curing of different diseases. In spite of tremendous uses the plant still survived in this area mainly due to the non-accessibility for humans of the mountain tops; otherwise, increase in anthropogenic activities even in these hilly areas poses a threat of the eradication of this plant. To correlate the folkloric uses with its phytochemical composition, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis was performed and a total of six phenolic compounds (quercetin, chlorogenic acid, berberine, rutin, mandellic acid, and hydroxy benzoic acid) were identified in its root. As most of the health complications are correlated to oxidative stress therefore in vitro antioxidant activity were also performed using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethyl benzo thiazoline -6- sulfonic acid) assays. The observed antioxidant potential may most probably be due to berberine and chlorogenic acid that were present in highest concentration in the analyzed extract. The effectiveness of the selected plant as remedy for a number of diseases (that were pointed out by the local community) may be due to its phytochemical composition especially berberine and chlorogenic acid as oxidative stress is the root cause of many diseases. The plant extract exhibited high antioxidant potential (DPPH IC50 = 165µg/mL; ABTSIC50 = 110µg/mL) in relation to the detected concentration of berberine and chlorogenic acid. It can be inferred from experimental results that the ethnopharmacological efficacy of this endangered species may be due to its phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities. This case study helps to revive the importance of B. lyceum in local communities and emphasizes the need for its conservation.

scholarly journals N-acetyl-cysteine increases cellular dysfunction in progressive chronic kidney damage after acute kidney injury by dampening endogenous antioxidant responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (5) ◽  
pp. F956-F968 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Small ◽  
Washington Y. Sanchez ◽  
Sandrine F. Roy ◽  
Christudas Morais ◽  
Heddwen L. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction exacerbate acute kidney injury (AKI), but their role in any associated progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear. Antioxidant therapies often benefit AKI, but their benefits in CKD are controversial since clinical and preclinical investigations often conflict. Here we examined the influence of the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function during AKI (20-min bilateral renal ischemia plus reperfusion/IR) and progression to chronic kidney pathologies in mice. NAC (5% in diet) was given to mice 7 days prior and up to 21 days post-IR (21d-IR). NAC treatment resulted in the following: prevented proximal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis at early IR (40-min postischemia), yet enhanced interstitial cell proliferation at 21d-IR; increased transforming growth factor-β1 expression independent of IR time; and significantly dampened nuclear factor-like 2-initiated cytoprotective signaling at early IR. In the long term, NAC enhanced cellular metabolic impairment demonstrated by increased peroxisome proliferator activator-γ serine-112 phosphorylation at 21d-IR. Intravital multiphoton microscopy revealed increased endogenous fluorescence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in cortical tubular epithelial cells during ischemia, and at 21d-IR that was not attenuated with NAC. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy demonstrated persistent metabolic impairment by increased free/bound NADH in the cortex at 21d-IR that was enhanced by NAC. Increased mitochondrial dysfunction in remnant tubular cells was demonstrated at 21d-IR by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester fluorimetry. In summary, NAC enhanced progression to CKD following AKI not only by dampening endogenous cellular antioxidant responses at time of injury but also by enhancing persistent kidney mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction.

Salt tolerance of the halophyte Limonium delicatulum is more associated with antioxidant enzyme activities than phenolic compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souid Aymen ◽  
Gabriele Morena ◽  
Longo Vincenzo ◽  
Pucci Laura ◽  
Bellani Lorenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Nacl Concentration

In this work we studied the effect of salinity (ranging from 50 to 500 mM NaCl) on the physiological and the antioxidant responses of the local halophyte Limonium delicatulum Kuntze. We based our analysis on 12 biochemical assays that are commonly used to measure the antioxidant responses under stress such as oxidative stress markers, enzymes activities and polyphenolic compounds. Our aim was to study parameters that are strongly correlated with the growth response to salinity. Results showed two different growth responses depending on the concentration of NaCl in the medium. Under 50 to 200 mM, the growth was stimulated before it decreased significantly at 300–500 mM. L. delicatulum revealed a good aptitude to maintain photosynthetic machinery by increasing the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, which is essential for the stabilisation of photosystems and the photosynthesis process under optimal NaCl concentration. Their breakdown at higher salinity decreased the photosynthetic performance of plants resulting in growth inhibition. Moreover, to reduce the damaging effect of oxidative stress and to tolerate the accumulation of salt ions, L. delicatulum induced the activities of their antioxidant enzymes more than their contents in polyphenolic compounds.

Production of Secondary Metabolites in Cell Cultures of Some Terpenoid-Indole Alkaloids Producing Plants

1987 ◽  
pp. 485-494
Author(s):  
R. Verpoorte ◽  
R. Wijnsma ◽  
P. A. A. Harkes ◽  
H. J. G. ten Hoopen ◽  
J. J. Meijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids

scholarly journals Effect of Aspergillus flavus Fungal Elicitor on the Production of Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus Cambial Meristematic Cells

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3276
Author(s):  
Chuxin Liang ◽  
Chang Chen ◽  
Pengfei Zhou ◽  
Lv Xu ◽  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Fungal Elicitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Induction Process

This study reported the inducing effect of Aspergillus flavus fungal elicitor on biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) in Catharanthus roseus cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) and its inducing mechanism. According to the results determined by HPLC and HPLC-MS/MS, the optimal condition of the A. flavus elicitor was as follows: after suspension culture of C. roseus CMCs for 6 day, 25 mg/L A. flavus mycelium elicitor were added, and the CMC suspensions were further cultured for another 48 h. In this condition, the contents of vindoline, catharanthine, and ajmaline were 1.45-, 3.29-, and 2.14-times as high as those of the control group, respectively. Transcriptome analysis showed that D4H, G10H, GES, IRS, LAMT, SGD, STR, TDC, and ORCA3 were involved in the regulation of this induction process. The results of qRT-PCR indicated that the increasing accumulations of vindoline, catharanthine, and ajmaline in C. roseus CMCs were correlated with the increasing expression of the above genes. Therefore, A. flavus fungal elicitor could enhance the TIA production of C. roseus CMCs, which might be used as an alternative biotechnological resource for obtaining bioactive alkaloids.

scholarly journals Effect of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin resuscitation on proteostasis in small intestinal epithelium after hemorrhagic shock

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. G180-G191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta Rao ◽  
Vivek R. Yadav ◽  
Shanjana Awasthi ◽  
Pamela R. Roberts ◽  
Vibhudutta Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Response

Gut barrier dysfunction is the major trigger for multiorgan failure associated with hemorrhagic shock (HS). Although the molecular mediators responsible for this dysfunction are unclear, oxidative stress-induced disruption of proteostasis contributes to the gut pathology in HS. The objective of this study was to investigate whether resuscitation with nanoparticulate liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) is able to restore the gut proteostatic mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were recruited in four groups: control, HS, HS+LEH, and HS+saline. HS was induced by withdrawing 45% blood, and isovolemic LEH or saline was administered after 15 min of shock. The rats were euthanized at 6 h to collect plasma and ileum for measurement of the markers of oxidative stress, unfolded protein response (UPR), proteasome function, and autophagy. HS significantly increased the protein and lipid oxidation, trypsin-like proteasome activity, and plasma levels of IFNγ. These effects were prevented by LEH resuscitation. However, saline was not able to reduce protein oxidation and plasma IFNγ in hemorrhaged rats. Saline resuscitation also suppressed the markers of UPR and autophagy below the basal levels; the HS or LEH groups showed no effect on the UPR and autophagy. Histological analysis showed that LEH resuscitation significantly increased the villus height and thickness of the submucosal and muscularis layers compared with the HS and saline groups. Overall, the results showed that LEH resuscitation was effective in normalizing the indicators of proteostasis stress in ileal tissue. On the other hand, saline-resuscitated animals showed a decoupling of oxidative stress and cellular protective mechanisms.

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