scholarly journals FC-98 Regulates TLR9-Mediated of CXCL-10 Expression in Dendritic Cells via MAPK and STAT1 Signaling Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghong Yang ◽  
Huan Dou ◽  
Xiaoqin Li ◽  
Yuxian Song ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Cpg Dna ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Stat1 Signaling ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems

Dendritic cells (DCs), as the most potent professional antigen presenting cells, play a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immune systems. Genomic bacterial DNA mimicked by unmethylated CpG motifs is discovered to possess immunostimulatory effects. CpG-DNA recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) on DCs arouses many immune diseases (such as cancer, viral infection, and autoimmune disorders). In this study we investigated the effects of FC-98 on CpG-induced bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). The results showed that FC-98 significantly inhibited the CpG-induced BMDCs maturation and function by suppressing the expression of surface markers (CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHCII). Moreover, FC-98 downregulated the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10) both at the mRNA and protein level after CpG induction. Meanwhile, FC-98 markedly affected the migration of BMDCs to T cells without affecting their endocytosis capacity. Furthermore, FC-98 was confirmed to decrease CXCL-10 expression by inhibiting CpG-induced activation of MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38) and STAT1 signaling. Overall, these results suggested that FC-98 was a potential molecule in the treatment of CXCL-10-mediated immune diseases.

scholarly journals Understanding Dendritic Cells and Their Role in Cutaneous Carcinoma and Cancer Immunotherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie R. Yanofsky ◽  
Hiroshi Mitsui ◽  
Diane Felsen ◽  
John A. Carucci
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapies ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems ◽  
Epidermal Langerhans Cells ◽  
The Ideal

Dendritic cells (DC) represent a diverse group of professional antigen-presenting cells that serve to link the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their capacity to initiate a robust and antigen-specific immune response has made them the ideal candidates for cancer immunotherapies. To date, the clinical impact of DC immunotherapy has been limited, which may, in part, be explained by the complex nature of DC biology. Multiple distinct subsets of DCs have been identified in the skin, where they can be broadly subcategorized into epidermal Langerhans cells (LC), myeloid-derived dermal dendritic cells (mDC) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). Each subset is functionally unique and may activate alternate branches of the immune system. This may be relevant for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, where we have shown that the tumor microenvironment may preferentially suppress the activity of mDCs, while LCs remain potent stimulators of immunity. Here, we provide an in depth analysis of DC biology, with a particular focus on skin DCs and their role in cutaneous carcinoma. We further explore the current approaches to DC immunotherapy and provide evidence for the targeting of LCs as a promising new strategy in the treatment of skin cancer.

scholarly journals Overview of Bovine Dendritic Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Kratochvílová ◽  
Petr Sláma
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Bone Marrow Derived Cells ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems

This article is an overview of dendritic cells (DCs) in cattle. The understanding of the immune system and the role of DCs in many ways can contribute to their use in the prevention and treatment of many infectious and autoimmune diseases. DCs are bone marrow-derived cells that function as professional antigen presenting cells. They act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The morphology of DCs results in a very large surface to volume ratio. That is, the DCs have a very large surface area compared to the overall cell volume. Currently, most dendritic cells research occurs in the human and mice. There is a lack of studies in cattle describing DCs. DCs survey the body and collect information relevant to the immune system. They are then able to instruct and direct the adaptive arms to respond to challenges.

scholarly journals Cell-intrinsic role for IFN-α–STAT1 signals in regulating murine Peyer patch plasmacytoid dendritic cells and conditioning an inflammatory response

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (14) ◽  
pp. 3879-3889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan S. Li ◽  
Alexander Gelbard ◽  
Gustavo J. Martinez ◽  
Eiji Esashi ◽  
Huiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Type I ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Ccr9 Expression ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Abstract Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) reside in bone marrrow and lymphoid organs in homeostatic conditions and typically secrete abundant quantities of type I interferons (IFNs) on Toll-like receptor triggering. Recently, a pDC population was identified within Peyer patches (PPs) of the gut that is distinguished by its lack of IFN production; however, the relationship of PP pDCs to pDCs in other organs has been unclear. We report that PP pDCs are derived from common DC progenitors and accumulate in response to Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, yet appear divergent in transcription factor profile and surface marker phenotype, including reduced E2-2 and CCR9 expression. Type I IFN signaling via STAT1 has a cell-autonomous role in accrual of PP pDCs in vivo. Moreover, IFN-α enhances pDC generation from DC progenitors by a STAT1-dependent mechanism. pDCs that have been developed in the presence of IFN-α resemble PP pDCs, produce inflammatory cytokines, stimulate Th17 cell generation, and fail to secrete IFN-α on Toll-like receptor engagement. These results indicate that IFN-α influences the development and function of pDCs by inducing emergence of an inflammatory (Th17-inducing) antigen-presenting subset, and simultaneously regulating accumulation of pDCs in the intestinal microenvironment.

scholarly journals MRGPR-mediated activation of local mast cells clears cutaneous bacterial infection and protects against reinfection

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaav0216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arifuzzaman ◽  
Yuvon R. Mobley ◽  
Hae Woong Choi ◽  
Pradeep Bist ◽  
Cristina A. Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Selective Activation ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Draining Lymph Nodes

Mast cells (MCs) are strategically distributed at barrier sites and prestore various immunocyte-recruiting cytokines, making them ideal targets for selective activation to treat peripheral infections. Here, we report that topical treatment with mastoparan, a peptide MC activator (MCA), enhances clearance ofStaphylococcus aureusfrom infected mouse skins and accelerates healing of dermonecrotic lesions. Mastoparan functions by activating connective tissue MCs (CTMCs) via the MRGPRX2 (Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member X2) receptor. Peripheral CTMC activation, in turn, enhances recruitment of bacteria-clearing neutrophils and wound-healing CD301b+dendritic cells. Consistent with MCs playing a master coordinating role, MC activation also augmented migration of various antigen-presenting dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes, leading to stronger protection against a second infection challenge. MCAs therefore orchestrate both the innate and adaptive immune arms, which could potentially be applied to combat peripheral infections by a broad range of pathogens.

scholarly journals IN LABORATORY GENERATION AND MATURATION OF HUMAN MONOCYTE-DERIVED DENDRITIC CELLS FOR CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
KANCHAN K. MISHRA ◽  
SUMIT BHARADVA ◽  
MEGHNAD G. JOSHI ◽  
ARVIND GULBAKE
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, furthermore they act as a bridge between the innate and the adaptive immune systems they have been ideal candidates for cell-based immunotherapy of cancers and infections in humans. The first reported trial using DCs in 1995, since they have been used in trials all over the world for several of indications, including cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Generally, for in vitro experiments or for DCs vaccination monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) were generated from purified monocytes that isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation. A variety of methods can be used for enrichment of monocytes for generation of clinical-grade DCs. Herein we summarized up to date understanding of systems and inputs used in procedures to differentiate DCs from blood monocytes in vitro.

Expression and function of Toll-like receptors on dendritic cells and other antigen presenting cells from non-human primates

2008 ◽  
Vol 125 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutitorn Ketloy ◽  
Anneke Engering ◽  
Utaiwan Srichairatanakul ◽  
Amporn Limsalakpetch ◽  
Kosol Yongvanitchit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cells ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting

scholarly journals CXCL14 Acts as a Specific Carrier of CpG DNA into Dendritic Cells and Activates Toll-like Receptor 9-mediated Adaptive Immunity

EBioMedicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Tanegashima ◽  
Rena Takahashi ◽  
Hideko Nuriya ◽  
Rina Iwase ◽  
Naoto Naruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Cpg Dna

Chemokines and dendritic cells in inflammatory myopathies: Figure 1

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tournadre ◽  
P Miossec
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Leucocyte Recruitment

This review focuses on the contribution of the local production of chemokines and cytokines and of dendritic cells (DC) to the pathogenesis of inflammatory myopathies. DC are the most efficient professional antigen-presenting cells (APC), which are critical for the development of innate and adaptive immune responses. Chemokines are important mediators of the immune response as they regulate leucocyte recruitment to tissue and play a key role in inflammatory diseases by acting on T-cell and DC migration. Recent advances indicate that the muscle cell itself could participate in the inflammatory process. Furthermore, the T-helper (Th) type 1 and Th17 proinflammatory cytokines, present in myositis samples, are associated with the migration, differentiation and maturation of inflammatory cells and allow a network of interactions between all the components of the immune response. An understanding of such interactions is essential because it can lead to therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals The Frequency of BDCA3-Positive Dendritic Cells Is Increased in the Peripheral Circulation of Kenyan Children with Severe Malaria

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 6700-6706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta C. Urban ◽  
Damien Cordery ◽  
Mohammed J. Shafi ◽  
Peter C. Bull ◽  
Christopher I. Newbold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting

ABSTRACT The ability of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to adhere to host endothelial cells via receptor molecules such as ICAM-1 and CD36 is considered a hallmark for the development of severe malaria syndromes. These molecules are also expressed on leukocytes such as dendritic cells. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for the initiation of adaptive immune responses. In many human diseases, their frequency and function is perturbed. We analyzed the frequency of peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets and the plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 in Kenyan children with severe malaria and during convalescence and related these parameters to the adhesion phenotype of the acute parasite isolates. The frequency of CD1c+ dendritic cells in children with acute malaria was comparable to that in healthy controls, but the frequency of BDCA3+ dendritic cells was significantly increased. Analysis of the adhesion phenotypes of parasite isolates revealed that adhesion to ICAM-1 was associated with the frequency of peripheral blood CD1c+ dendritic cells, whereas the adhesion of infected erythrocytes to CD36 correlated with high concentrations of IL-10 and low concentrations of IL-12 in plasma.

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