scholarly journals Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasma gondiiamongst Pregnant Women in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Aqeely ◽  
Eman K. El-Gayar ◽  
Darakhshan Perveen Khan ◽  
Abdullah Najmi ◽  
Ayesha Alvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution. There is limited information about the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the southern area of Saudi Arabia. The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence ofT. gondiiin pregnant women in Jazan province.Materials and Methods.The study was conducted between January and June 2013 and included 195 pregnant women, data on sociodemographic and predisposing factors were collected from each participant. Venous blood samples were collected following standard operating procedures. Serological analysis for latent toxoplasmosis (levels of IgG) and active toxoplasmosis (IgM) was done using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Results.The overall seroprevalence ofT. gondiiin the study area was 24.1%. The seroprevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG was 20% (39 out of 195), whereas IgM seropositivity was 6.2% (12 out of 195). Only 4 pregnant women tested positive for both IgG and IgM. The highest IgG and IgM seroprevalence was among the study participants aged 35 to 39 years (13.5% and 35.1%, resp.). The seropositivity rate ofT. gondii-specific antibodies was higher among pregnant women from the urban areas than those from rural communities (7.4% versus 0% and 21% versus 15.4% for IgM and IgG, resp.).Conclusions.The seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas high in pregnant woman in Jazan. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis increases with increase of age. Awareness health education program in Jazan needs to be maintained and developed to targeted pregnant women.

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women and Non-Pregnant Female Volunteers in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn O Onosakponome ◽  
Austin E Abah ◽  
Michael Wogu
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk

Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite, and is among the diseases generally referred to as neglected tropical disease (NTD). It can be a reason for impulsive abortion in pregnant women or hereditary chorioretinitis in neonates. Objectives: The present study examined seroprevalence and related risk issues of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women (PTW) and non-pregnant females (NPF) of two health facilities in Port Harcourt. Methods: Venous blood was collected from 380 women and analyzed by immunodiagnostic techniques using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay) IgG and IgM tests and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire on the socio-demographic risk issues linked with toxoplasmosis. Results: Among the study population, PTW and NPF had seroprevalence of 33.0% and 19.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). PTW recorded a higher overall seroprevalence than NPF with 16.1%, 1.3%, and 8.4%, 0.8% for Toxoplasma gondii ELISA IgG, and IgM tests, respectively. IgM-positive cases were all authenticated by the real-time PCR technique and were all negative. Age group 35-39 years had the highest IgG seroprevalence of 24.3% for PTW, while the age group > 40 years had the highest IgG seroprevalence of 18.2% for NPF. Traders recorded the uppermost seroprevalence of 20.9% and 2.6% for IgG and IgM among PTW, respectively, while teachers and traders recorded the maximum seroprevalence of 15.6% and 1.7% for IgG and IgM among NPF, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no association between the age group, occupation, trimester, and toxoplasmosis. Conclusions: The toxoplasmosis was significantly high in pregnant women. It is recommended that Toxoplasma gondii tests should be included as a routine test during antenatal.

scholarly journals IMMUNITY TO PERTUSSIS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SERONEGATIVE STATUS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Krieger ◽  
O. Samodova ◽  
L. Titova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Test System ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Factors Associated

Despite high levels of vaccination coverage, pertussis remains a serious problem. Pertussis cases are registered among infants, adolescents, and adults. Infants younger than three months of age have the highest rate of serious clinical course of pertussis. Transplacental transfer of pertussis-specific antibodies induce protection against infection. The available data on antibody level against pertussis among pregnant women in Russia are fragmentary. To evaluate the humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis in pregnant women and factors associated with seronegative status we performed cross-sectional study including 388 participants. “SeroPertussis IgG” (Israel) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test-system was used for quantitative measurement of antibodies to pertussis toxin / hemagglutinin. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with seronegative status. The median age of the participants was 30 years. The majority of them (51,3%) did not provide documented vaccination against pertussis. A positive (protective) level of anti-pertussis antibodies (10-50 BU/ml) was revealed in the venous blood of 46,9% of pregnant women. In 25,8% of seropositive women, concentration of specific antibodies was high (> 50 BU/ml). That may indirectly indicate recent Bordetella pertussis infection. More than half of the women surveyed (53,1%) did not have a protective titer of antibodies and were considered susceptible to pertussis. Their children will not receive transplacental immunity to infection. Gestational age was significantly associated with seronegative status. Compared to women tested during the first trimester, participants in their third trimester of pregnancy were more likely to be seronegative to pertussis. The odds of being susceptible increased with increased gestational period (p for linear trend < 0,01). There were no significant differences between the seropositive and seronegative participants with regard to age, gravidity and vaccination status. Pertussis booster vaccinations for preschool children, adolescence and healthcare workers dealing with pregnant women and newborns, as well as cocoon vaccination strategy and vaccination during pregnancy, are required to be implemented to protect infants against pertussis.

scholarly journals Outbreak of Measles in vaccinated population in Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
J.A. Shenge ◽  
G.N. Odaibo ◽  
D.O. Olaleye
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Lassa Fever Virus

Background: Outbreaks of respiratory disease, febrile illness and rash occurred in two adjoining rural communities of Imo State, Southeastern, Nigeria, at different times between 2006 and 2020. Laboratory investigation was carried out to determine the aetiological agent of the outbreak. Methodology: Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 6 individuals showing symptoms of disease, within 3-4 days of appearance of rash. Venous blood samples were also collected from a total of 41 symptomatic persons, their contacts and individuals with resolved infections. Swabs were inoculated into Vero, HEp-2c, B95a and MDCK cell lines. Sera were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immunoglobulin G and M to rubella and measles viruses, while immunofluorescence assay was used to detect Lassa fever virus immunoglobulins. Descriptive data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Four of the 6 (66.7%) swab samples showed viral activity or cytopathic effect characterized by clumping of cells in Vero cells while 2 (33.3%) in Hep-2c characterized by rounding up of cells. Thirty-nine (95.1%) sera were positive for measles IgG while 13 (31.7%) were positive for IgM. Thirty-six (87.8%) sera were positive for rubella IgG but none was positive for IgM. None of the sera was positive for Lassa fever virus IgG and IgM. Conclusion: Measles virus was responsible for the outbreak among previously vaccinated population in the communities, while Rubella and Lassa fever viruses were excluded as the etiological agents of the outbreak. Keywords: Epidemics; IgG and IgM; Cell lines; Vaccination; Measles virus   French title: Épidémie de rougeole dans la population vaccinée du sud-est du Nigéria Contexte: Des flambées de maladies respiratoires, de maladies fébriles et d'éruptions cutanées sont survenues dans deux communautés rurales voisines de l'État d'Imo, dans le sud-est du Nigéria, à des moments différents entre 2006 et 2020. Une enquête en laboratoire a été menée pour déterminer l'agent étiologique de l'épidémie. Méthodologie: Des écouvillons oropharyngés ont été prélevés sur 6 individus présentant des symptômes de maladie, dans les 3 à 4 jours suivant l'apparition de l'éruption cutanée. Des échantillons de sang veineux ont également été prélevés sur un total de 41 personnes symptomatiques, leurs contacts et des personnes souffrant d'infections résolues. Des écouvillons ont été inoculés dans des lignées cellulaires Vero, HEp-2c, B95a et MDCK. Les sérums ont été analysés en utilisant un test immuno-enzymatique (ELISA) pour les immunoglobulines G et M contre les virus de la rubéole et de la rougeole, tandis que le test d'immunofluorescence a été utilisé pour détecter les immunoglobulines du virus de la fièvre de Lassa. Les données descriptives ont été analysées à l'aide du progiciel statistique pour les sciences sociales (SPSS). Résultats: Quatre des 6 échantillons sur écouvillon (66,7%) ont montré une activité virale ou un effet cytopathique caractérisé par l'agglutination des cellules dans les cellules Vero, tandis que 2 (33,3%) dans Hep-2c étaient caractérisés par un arrondissement des cellules. Trente-neuf (95,1%) sérums étaient positifs pour les IgG contre la rougeole tandis que 13 (31,7%) étaient positifs pour les IgM. Trente-six (87,8%) sérums étaient positifs pour les IgG contre la rubéole, mais aucun n'était positif pour les IgM. Aucun des sérums n'était positif pour les IgG et IgM du virus de la fièvre de Lassa. Conclusion: Le virus de la rougeole était responsable de l'épidémie parmi la population précédemment vaccinée dans les communautés, tandis que les virus de la rubéole et de la fièvre de Lassa ont été exclus comme agents étiologiques de l'épidémie. Mots clés: épidémies; IgG et IgM; Lignées cellulaires; Vaccination; Virus de la rougeole

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE HEALTH STATUS OF NEWBORNS WITH THE LEVEL VITAMIN D DURING GESTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Vasilieva E.N. ◽  
Zhamlikhanova S.S. ◽  
Okhotina T.N. ◽  
Levitskaya V.M. ◽  
Sidorova T.N.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Epigenetic Programming ◽  
Relationship Of

Most of pregnant women have a low vitamin D content, which undoubtedly negatively affects the course of pregnancy and the quality of health of newborn children. Vitamin D is involved in the implantation process, placental function and epigenetic programming of the fetus. Low vitamin D supply affects fetal and newborn development and health in childhood and adulthood. Purpose of the study: comparative analysis of the health of newborns depending on the level of vitamin D during gestation. Research materials: venous blood of women and blood from the umbilical cord of newborns. The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using BIOMEDICAGRUPPE (Germany) kits was used to determine the level of vitamin D. A comparative analysis of the quality of health of newborns was carried out depending on the level of vitamin D in the venous blood of pregnant women. The study revealed that the low content of vitamin D in the blood of the umbilical cord is due to the low supply of vitamin D in the mother's blood. An insufficient level of vitamin D was revealed in pregnant women who did not take vitamin D preparations. with a lower body weight and with a lower Apgar score, with a large number of perinatal complications - this confirms the important role of vitamin D supply in the functioning of the mother−placenta−fetus system.

scholarly journals Anaemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy in rural Bangladesh

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ziauddin Hyder ◽  
Lars-Åke Persson ◽  
Mushtaque Chowdhury ◽  
Bo Lönnerdal ◽  
Eva-Charlotte Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjective:To study the prevalence of anaemia and its association with measures of iron deficiency (ID) among a group of pregnant women.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Setting:Pregnant women identified through house-to-house visits and participating in community-based antenatal care activities in a rural location of Mymensingh, Bangladesh.Subjects:The estimates are based on 214 reportedly healthy pregnant women in their second trimester. Information on socio-economic status and reproductive history were obtained through home visits and venous blood samples were collected at antenatal care centres. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) was measured by HemoCue, serum ferritin (sFt) by radioimmunoassay and serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. ID was defined as presence of either low sFt (<12 μg l−1) or high sTfR (>8.5 mg l−1).Results:The prevalence of anaemia (Hb <110 g l−1) was 50%, but severe anaemia (Hb >70 g l−1) was absent. Low sFt was observed in 42%, high sTfR in 25%, either low sFt or high TfR in 54% and both low sFt and high TfR in 13% of the pregnant women. Two out of three anaemic women had an indication of ID, which was present in 80% of women with moderate (Hb 70–99 g l−1) and 50% with mild (Hb 100–109 g l−1) anaemia. Four out of 10 non-anaemic women (Hb >110 g l−1) also had ID, but the prevalence was significantly lower than that observed in anaemic women (P=0.001).Conclusions:Despite the high prevalence of anaemia, severe cases were absent. The prevalence of ID increased at lower Hb. However, an increased prevalence was also found among women in the highest category of Hb.

STUDY OF HEPSIDIN AND OTHER REGULATORY PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT PERIODS OF PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 477-480
Author(s):  
Ilaha Jamshid Shahverdiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Definition Of

This research paper presents the results of a study of some indicators of iron metabolism in anaemia in pregnant women. The venous blood of 39 pregnant women with anaemia was examined. Serum ferritin, ferroportin and hepcidin were investigated for this purpose. The comparison group consisted of 19 pregnant women without anaemia. The haemoglobin concentration was measured by using «Mythic-18» haematological autoanalyzer. The concentrations of hepcidin and ferroportin were determined by using «Cloud-Clone Corp.» (USA), and ferritin concentrations were determined by using «Pishtaz teb» (Iran) reagents through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The study revealed a significant decrease in the level of ferritin, hepcidin and a significant increase in ferroportin level. A comprehensive definition of various indicators of iron metabolism provides important information not only for understanding the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women but also for early diagnosis of the disease and the appointment of the correct treatment.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Rubella Immunity in Rural Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at a Tertiary Care Centre in Piparia, Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himani Bhardwaj Pandya ◽  
Pooja Zala ◽  
Reepal Vala ◽  
Urvi Vohra ◽  
Ojas Walvekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Foetal Outcome

Introduction:Rubella viral infection in pregnant women is a Global Public Health concern as it has a devastating effect on developing foetus causing adverse foetal outcome or Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). Aim: To recognise the proportion of pregnant women susceptible to Rubella infections so as to discern the risk of CRS. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 rural pregnant women attending the Tertiary Care Centre, from September 2019-December 2019. Informed consent was obtained and a comprehensive structured questionnaire was noted regarding the sociodemographic details and reproductive history. Five mL of venous blood was tested for the presence of anti-rubella IgG using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. Data analysis were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: The mean age of the population was 23.26±5 years. Overall, seroprevalence was 88.9% (80/90). Immunity was higher (100%) in women of 30-35 years age, 100% in lower upper class, 93.3% with higher education, 90.9% with second trimester, 90.3% multigravida and 90.5% parity. It was also observed that in all the women with low immunity (11.1%) had a history of adverse foetal outcome. Conclusion: A significant proportion of pregnant females are still susceptible to rubella virus infection shows that rubella is endemic in the study area, so antenatal screening for rubella should be mandatory and rubella vaccination in adolescent girls and women of child bearing age is the only way to reduce the menace of CRS in India.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Nuhu Hussaini Shehu ◽  
Abdullahi Alhaji Magaji ◽  
Abdulkadir Usman Junaidu ◽  
Abubakar Abubakar Panti ◽  
Makun Babazhitsu
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a protozoan infection caused by infection with the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Several studies have been reported of high seroprevalence of this parasite from various hospitals in Nigeria. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among the pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted at SYMH Birnin kebbi in 2015 using indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The overall seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies was 33.3%. 9.7% seropositivity was found at first trimester, 60.5% from second trimester and 29.8% from third trimester. Using a chi square logistic regression analysis, lack of education, lower age at pregnancy, and frequency of close contacts with cats were significantly associated with the prevalence of IgG antibodies. Conclusion: Most primary infections during pregnancy are asymptomatic, congenital toxoplasmosis can have serious effects on the developing fetus. Screening for primary infection is problematic, primary prevention is the most logical method to lower the risk of congenital infection. There is also a need to educate women on the safe handling of cat litter during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira infection in selected rural and urban areas of Bangladesh by rLipL32 based ELISA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Shakila Tamanna ◽  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
TH Tang ◽  
Siti Aminah Ahmed ◽  
KC Ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
North East ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background and objectives: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection with worldwide distribution caused by the Leptospira species and predominant in the tropical and subtropical regions. Information on leptospirosis in Bangladesh is limited. The present study was designed to detect anti-leptospiral antibodies in human serum samples in Bangladeshi population by developing an in-house ELISA using recombinant LipL32 (rLipL32) antigen. The study was conducted from April 2014 to December 2014.Method: Healthy individuals from two rural areas and fever cases from one urban healthcare center were enrolled in the study. Rural health centers were located at Sonargoan and Bajitpur sub-district (Upozilla) of Narayaganj and Kishorganj districts. Sonargoan health center is located 26 km south-east and Bajitpur is located 71 km north-east of Dhaka city. About 1-2 ml of blood was collected with aseptic measure and serum was separated and stored at -200C until used. Anti-leptospiral IgG antibody was determined by recombinant LipL32 (rLipL32) antigen based indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seropositive cases were further confirmed by commercial Leptospira IgG ELISA.Results: The study included 250 febrile cases and 376 healthy individuals from urban and rural areas, respectively. Out of total 626 study population, anti-LipL32 specific IgG antibody was detected in 70 individuals (11.2%). The rate of positivity of anti-LipL32 antibody among the healthy individuals from rural area was 10.6% while the rate was 12.0% in urban febrile population. The rate of positivity in rural and urban population was not significantly (p>0.05) different. Among the urban population, the rate of seropositivity was 9.1% and 16.4% in 21- 40 yrs and above 40 years age group respectively while the rate was 7.2% and 14.0% in rural population respectively. Out of 70 seropositive cases detected by LipL32 ELISA, 65 (92.9%) were positive by commercial ELISA.Conclusion: The present study has revealed that leptospirosis is prevalent in Bangladesh and should be looked for in febrile and clinically suspected cases. The study has also demonstrated that rLipL32 protein may be used as a candidate antigen for the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(2): 50-55

Dengue epidemic in Malaysia: urban versus rural comparison of dengue immunoglobulin G seroprevalence among Malaysian adults aged 35–74 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 798-811
Author(s):  
Nor Azila Muhammad Azami ◽  
Meng Ling Moi ◽  
Sharifah Azura Salleh ◽  
Hui-min Neoh ◽  
Mohd Arman Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Neutralising Antibodies ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Dengue Epidemic

Abstract Background A periodic serosurvey of dengue seroprevalence is vital to determine the prevalence of dengue in countries where this disease is endemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity among healthy Malaysian adults living in urban and rural areas. Methods A total of 2598 serum samples (1417 urban samples, 1181 rural samples) were randomly collected from adults ages 35–74 y. The presence of the dengue IgG antibody and neutralising antibodies to dengue virus (DENV) 1–4 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the plaque reduction neutralisation test assay, respectively. Results The prevalence of dengue IgG seropositivity was 85.39% in urban areas and 83.48% in rural areas. The seropositivity increased with every 10-y increase in age. Ethnicity was associated with dengue seropositivity in urban areas but not in rural areas. The factors associated with dengue seropositivity were sex and working outdoors. In dengue IgG-positive serum samples, 98.39% of the samples had neutralising antibodies against DENV3, but only 70.97% of them had neutralising antibodies against DENV4. Conclusion The high seroprevalence of dengue found in urban and rural areas suggests that both urban and rural communities are vital for establishing and sustaining DENV transmission in Malaysia.

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