scholarly journals Effects of Direction and Index of Difficulty on Aiming Movements after Stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Paola Ribeiro Coqueiro ◽  
Sandra Maria Sbeghen Ferreira de Freitas ◽  
Cassandra Mendes Assunção e Silva ◽  
Sandra Regina Alouche
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Movement Execution ◽  
Task Constraints ◽  
Aiming Movements ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Hemisphere Lesion ◽  
Index Of Difficulty ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

Background.Brain hemispheres play different roles in the control of aiming movements that are impaired after unilateral stroke. It is not clear whether those roles are influenced by the direction and the difficulty of the task.Objective.To evaluate the influence of direction and index of difficulty (ID) of the task on performance of ipsilesional aiming movements after unilateral stroke.Methods.Ten individuals with right hemisphere stroke, ten with left hemisphere stroke, and ten age- and gender-matched controls performed the aiming movements on a digitizing tablet as fast as possible. Stroke individuals used their ipsilesional arm. The direction (ipsilateral or contralateral), size (0.8 or 1.6 cm), and distance (9 or 18 cm) of the targets, presented on a monitor, were manipulated and determined to be of different ID (3.5, 4.5, and 5.5).Results.Individuals with right hemisphere lesion were more sensitive to ID of the task, affecting planning and final position accuracy. Left hemisphere lesion generated slower and less smooth movements and was more influenced by target distance. Contralateral movements and higher ID increased planning demands and hindered movement execution.Conclusion.Right and left hemisphere damages are differentially influenced by task constraints which suggest their complementary roles in the control of aiming movements.

scholarly journals Regional Shape Abnormalities in Thalamus and Verbal Memory Impairment After Subcortical Infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Tan ◽  
Chao Dang ◽  
Shuangquan Tan ◽  
Shihui Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Subcortical Infarction

Background. Subcortical infarcts can result in verbal memory impairment, but the potential underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Objective. We investigated the spatiotemporal deterioration patterns of brain structures in patients with subcortical infarction and identified the regions that contributed to verbal memory impairment. Methods. Cognitive assessment and structural magnetic resonance imaging were performed 1, 4, and 12 weeks after stroke onset in 28 left-hemisphere and 22 right-hemisphere stroke patients with subcortical infarction. Whole-brain volumetric analysis combined with a further-refined shape analysis was conducted to analyze longitudinal morphometric changes in brain structures and their relationship to verbal memory performance. Results. Between weeks 1 and 12, significant volume decreases in the ipsilesional basal ganglia, inferior white matter, and thalamus were found in the left-hemisphere stroke group. Among those 3 structures, only the change rate of the thalamus volume was significantly correlated with that in immediate recall. For the right-hemisphere stroke group, only the ipsilesional basal ganglia survived the week 1 to week 12 group comparison, but its change rate was not significantly correlated with the verbal memory change rate. Shape analysis of the thalamus revealed atrophies of the ipsilesional thalamic subregions connected to the prefrontal, temporal, and premotor cortices in the left-hemisphere stroke group and positive correlations between the rates of those atrophies and the change rate in immediate recall. Conclusions. Secondary damage to the thalamus, especially to the left subregions connected to specific cortices, may be associated with early verbal memory impairment following an acute subcortical infarct.

Hemispheric Specialization and Cognitive Development: Implications for Mathematics Education

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Grayson H. Wheatley ◽  
Robert Mitchell ◽  
Robert L. Frankland ◽  
Rosemarie Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Concrete Operational ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Evidence is presented for hemisphere specialization of the two brain hemispheres: the left hemisphere specialized for logico-analytic tasks and the right hemisphere, visuo-spatial tasks. A hypothesis is put forth for the emergence of the specialization that suggests a shift from predominant right hemisphere processing in infancy to predominant left hemisphere processing in adulthood. Results of the studies reviewed suggest the emergence of concrete-operational thought as the left hemisphere becomes capable of processing logical tasks. Electroencephalography seems particularly useful in determining specialization and mapping changes in hemispheric asymmetry. Implications for school mathematics curriculum are presented.

scholarly journals Right hemisphere grey matter structure and language outcomes in chronic left hemisphere stroke

Brain ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Xing ◽  
Elizabeth H. Lacey ◽  
Laura M. Skipper-Kallal ◽  
Xiong Jiang ◽  
Michelle L. Harris-Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals Acquired dysgraphia in adults following right or left-hemisphere stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline de Carvalho Rodrigues ◽  
Denise Ren da Fontoura ◽  
Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lexical Route ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Dual Route Model ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Graphemic Buffer

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the strengths and difficulties in word and pseudoword writing in adults with left- and right-hemisphere strokes, and discuss the profiles of acquired dysgraphia in these individuals.METHODS: The profiles of six adults with acquired dysgraphia in left- or right-hemisphere strokes were investigated by comparing their performance on word and pseudoword writing tasks against that of neurologically healthy adults. A case series analysis was performed on the patients whose impairments on the task were indicative of acquired dysgraphia.RESULTS: Two patients were diagnosed with lexical dysgraphia (one with left hemisphere damage, and the other with right hemisphere damage), one with phonological dysgraphia, another patient with peripheral dysgraphia, one patient with mixed dysgraphia and the last with dysgraphia due to damage to the graphemic buffer. The latter patients all had left-hemisphere damage (LHD). The patterns of impairment observed in each patient were discussed based on the dual-route model of writing.CONCLUSION: The fact that most patients had LHD rather than right-hemisphere damage (RHD) highlights the importance of the former structure for word processing. However, the fact that lexical dysgraphia was also diagnosed in a patient with RHD suggests that these individuals may develop writing impairments due to damage to the lexical route, leading to heavier reliance on phonological processing. Our results are of significant importance to the planning of writing interventions in neuropsychology.

scholarly journals Processing of metaphors in transcortical motor aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Mancopes ◽  
Fernanda Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Metaphor Comprehension ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Comprehension Tests ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Great emphasis has been placed on the right hemisphere, due to its possible selective contribution, in the processing of metaphorical statements. Objectives: To describe the processing of metaphors in the case of a patient with transcortical motor aphasia, using specific tests for patients with encephalic injuries of the right hemisphere, and to contribute to the discussion on the inter-hemispheric relationships associated with this function. Methods: A 54 year-old man with transcortical motor aphasia was evaluated three years after a left hemisphere stroke. The tasks of comprehension of metaphors were based on the subtest Metaphor Comprehension Task of the Montreal Evaluation of Communications Scale (MEC). Two metaphor comprehension tests were applied, in 45-minute sessions with a 48 hour interval between each. Test 1 involved comprehension of the metaphors according to the options offered, and Test 2 the comprehension of metaphors measured by response time and visual field. Results: Although the right hemisphere was not affected by the stroke in this case, difficulties were observed in the processing of metaphors. Conclusions: This study suggests that the left hemisphere participates in the processing of figurative meanings. The adaptability of the brain can also re-accommodate the uninjured areas of the brain, causing the dynamic of the brain to be modified. As a result, deducing cerebral functions based on clinical data can be problematic. The value of this study is that it can contribute to clinical aspects of language rehabilitation.

Evidence for Development of Distinction of Voice Onset Time in a Child with Left-Hemisphere Lesion

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1002
Author(s):  
Kelly Paulson-Sebold ◽  
Ludie R. Hansen ◽  
J. Anthony Seikel ◽  
Patricia M. Hargrove ◽  
Gail D. Chermak
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Hemisphere Lesion ◽  
The Right

Following surgery for partial removal of the posterior left hemisphere at 5 mo., voice onset time was assessed to 9; 11 yr. Left-hemisphere language function associated with voicing appeared subsumed by the right hemisphere.

Aphasia Following Right Hemisphere Lesion in a Woman with Left Hemisphere Injury in Childhood

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Guerreiro ◽  
A. Castrocaldas ◽  
I.P. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemisphere Lesion

Not Just Language: Persisting Lateralized Visuospatial Impairment after Left Hemisphere Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Schendel ◽  
Nina F. Dronkers ◽  
And U. Turken
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

AbstractObjectives: Imbalances in spatial attention are most often associated with right hemisphere brain injury. This report assessed 25 chronic left hemisphere stroke patients for attentional bias. Methods: Participants were evaluated with a computerized visual search task and a standardized neuropsychological assessment known as the Behavioral Inattention Test (BITC). Twenty age-matched controls were also tested. Results: Although little to no attentional impairment was observed on the BITC, the computerized visual search task revealed statistically significant contralesional attentional impairment in the left hemisphere stroke group. Specifically, these participants required 208 ms more viewing time, on average, to reliably detect visual targets on the right side of the display compared to detection on the left side, while controls showed a difference of only 8 ms between the two sides. Conclusions: The observation of significant leftward visuospatial bias in this chronic stroke group provides further evidence that the left hemisphere also plays a role in the balance of visual attention across space. These results have implications for left hemisphere patients who are often not screened for visuospatial problems, as well as for theories of visual attention which have primarily emphasized the role of the right hemisphere. (JINS, 2016, 22, 695–704)

scholarly journals Right hemisphere structural adaptation and changing language skills years after left hemisphere stroke

Brain ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1718-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. H. Hope ◽  
Alex P. Leff ◽  
Susan Prejawa ◽  
Rachel Bruce ◽  
Zula Haigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Structural Adaptation ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals Psychic Tonus, Body Schema and the Parietal Lobes: A Multiple Lesion Case Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. J. Braun ◽  
S. Desjardins ◽  
S. Gaudelet ◽  
A. Guimond
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Hemisphere Lesion ◽  
The Right ◽  
Internal Experience ◽  
And Behavior

The psychic tonus model (Braun and colleagues, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2006) states that the left hemisphere is a “booster” of internal experience and behavior in general, and that the right hemisphere is a “dampener”. Twenty-five patients with a “positive” extreme disturbance of body schema (somatoparaphrenia) and 37 patients with a “negative” disturbance of body schema (autotopagnosia or Gerstmann’s syndrome), all following a unilateral parietal lesion, were found in the literature and were analyzed to test predictions from Braun’s “psychic tonus” model. As expected, patients with a positive syndrome had a right hemisphere lesion significantly more frequently, and those with a negative syndrome had a left hemisphere lesion significantly more frequently. Thus the psychic tonus model of hemispheric specialization, previously supported with regard to psychomotor baseline, libido, talkativeness, memory, auditory and visual perceptual tonus, now incorporates the tonus of representation of the body (body schema) in the parietal lobes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document