scholarly journals Health Care Expenditure and GDP in African Countries: Evidence from Semiparametric Estimation with Panel Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhike Lv ◽  
Huiming Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

A large body of literature studies on the relationship between health care expenditure (HCE) and GDP have been analyzed using data intensively from developed countries, but little is known for other regions. This paper considers a semiparametric panel data analysis for the study of the relationship between per capita HCE and per capita GDP for 42 African countries over the period 1995–2009. We found that infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births has a negative effect on per capita HCE, while the proportion of the population aged 65 is statistically insignificant in African countries. Furthermore, we found that the income elasticity is not constant but varies with income level, and health care is a necessity rather than a luxury for African countries.

Globalization and health: An empirical investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishalkumar J Jani ◽  
Nisarg A Joshi ◽  
Dhyani J Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The Impact

This article empirically examines the impact of globalization on the health status of countries by using panel data. Unlike previous studies, it has attempted to use three different dimensions of globalization and estimate their impact on health status measured by infant mortality rate and life expectancy. It also introduces an initial level of development status as an explanatory variable and found that it has an important role. The fixed effects panel data analysis shows that globalization has a positive impact on the health indicators. Out of the three dimensions of globalization, namely, economic, social and political, the first one has the highest influence on health for the less developed countries. However, as one moves up the ladder of development, social dimension becomes more important. Moreover, the pace of improvement in health indicators is faster in developed countries, indicating a divergence between the developed and the underdeveloped world.

EXPENDITURE ON DRUGS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-622
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Pharmaceutical Expenditure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Total Health Expenditure ◽  
The Past ◽  
Total Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita

In developed countries, generally 5% to 8% of GNP is spent on health care; during the past decade, health care expenditure has increased at a more rapid rate than GNP. Expenditure on pharmaceuticals represents 10% to 20% of the total health expenditure. In developing countries, figures vary widely but the pharmaceutical expenditure per capita per year may be below one U.S. dollar and may be as high as 50% of the total health care expenditure....

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Determinants of Infant Mortality in WAEMU Countries: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Edem K. Abbuy
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Panel Data Model ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Female Literacy ◽  
Macroeconomic Determinants

This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of infant mortality in WAEMU countries for the period 1980–2016. A panel data model from WAEMU countries was used to identify the macroeconomic determinants of infant mortality. We used fixed effects instrumental variables (FE-IV) estimator in panel data model. Our analysis using econometric estimations after correcting for endogeneity showed that female literacy, GDP per capita as a proxy for income, public health expenditure as a percentage of GDP and urbanization significantly affect infant mortality rate in a negative way.

scholarly journals International Socioeconomic Predictors of Colon and Rectal Cancer Mortality: Is Colorectal Cancer a First World Problem?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1659-1667
Author(s):  
Christina L. Cui ◽  
Anna M. Dornisch ◽  
Anya E. Umlauf ◽  
Raphael E. Cuomo ◽  
James D. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
International Health ◽  
Physician Density ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of international morbidity and is the second highest cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between international health care spending on CRC mortality over time. METHODS This is a retrospective study using a publicly available data from the WHO Global Health Observatory database. General estimating equations were used to analyze the relationship between total health care expenditure per capita (THEpc) and CRC mortality at the country level. The primary predictors of interest were quartiles of THEpc. Other exposure variables included gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc), smoking (% of adult population smoking), physician density (per 10,000), and time. RESULTS Mortality decreased significantly from 2000 to 2016 (coefficient [95% CI], −2.2 [−3.3 to −1.1]; P < .001). THEpc, GDPpc, time, and percentage of adult population smoking were significant predictors of CRC mortality. Patients in the top two quartiles of THEpc had 3% higher rates of CRC mortality compared with countries in Q1 THEpc (Q3: 3.4 [1.9-4.8], P < .001; Q4: 3.2 [1.4-5.0], P = .001). Similar trends were seen in GDPpc (Q4: 3.2 [1.4-5.0], P = .001; Q3: 3.4 [1.9-4.8], P < .001; Q2: 1.7 [0.7-2.6], P < .001; Q1: reference). CONCLUSION Overall, mortality decreased significantly over the study period. Countries with higher health expenditures and higher gross domestic products experienced higher rates of CRC mortality. Further research will be necessary to determine the cause for this, but we postulate that it may be a result of more robust diagnostic and follow-up methods in countries with more resources.

ÖRGÜTLERDE ÖRGÜTSEL BOLLUĞUN GİRİŞİMSEL ORYANTASYON ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurdan Gürkan ◽  
Ahmet Ferda Çakmak
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Organizational Slack ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of entrepreneurial orientation, which emerges with the development of strategic management, refers to entrepreneurship orientations of businesses. The businesses need resources in other words organizational slack in order to develop their entrepreneurial trends. The organizational slack consists of three slack type. These slack types are available slack, recoverable slack and potential slack. The purpose of this study is to examine whether organizational slack in the businesses has an effect on entrepreneurial orientation. The relationship between organizational slack and entrepreneurial orientation was investigated through 20 companies that were traded in Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index for 2010-2014 period using panel data analysis method. The results of the study indicate the existence of a statistically significant relationship between and the available slack and the recoverable slack with the entrepreneurial orientation in the businesses. According to findings; there was no statistically significant relationship between potential slack and entrepreneurial orientation.

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