scholarly journals A Virtual PV Systems Lab for Engineering Undergraduate Curriculum

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Ozkop ◽  
Ismail H. Altas
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Virtual Lab ◽  
Temperature Levels

Design and utilization of a Virtual Photovoltaic Systems Laboratory for undergraduate curriculum are introduced in this paper. The laboratory introduced in this study is developed to teach students the basics and design steps of photovoltaic solar energy systems in a virtual environment before entering the field. The users of the proposed virtual lab will be able to determine the sizing by selecting related parameters of the photovoltaic system to meet DC and AC loading conditions. Besides, the user will be able to analyze the effect of changing solar irradiation and temperature levels on the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic systems. Common DC bus concept and AC loading conditions are also included in the system by utilizing a permanent magnet DC motor and an RLC load as DC and AC loading examples, respectively. The proposed Virtual Photovoltaic Systems Laboratory is developed in Matlab/Simulink GUI environment. The proposed virtual lab has been used in Power Systems Lab in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Karadeniz Technical University as a part of undergraduate curriculum. A survey on the students who took the lab has been carried out and responses are included in this paper.

scholarly journals Comparative Performance Analysis of Grid-Connected PV Power Systems with Different PV Technologies in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Li
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Cold Winter ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Pv Module

The objective of this paper is to establish the performance of 8 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power systems based on different PV module technologies in Nanjing, China. Nanjing has a hot summer and a cold winter which are considered based on monthly average solar irradiation and ambient temperature specifically for the deployment of grid-connected PV systems. The study focuses on performance assessment of grid-connected PV systems using typical PV modules made of monocrystalline silicon (m-Si), polycrystalline silicon (p-Si), edge-defined film-fed growth silicon (EFG-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film, copper indium selenide (CIS) thin film, heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT), and hydrogenated amorphous silicon single-junction (a-Si:H single-PV) installed on location. The yearly average energy output, PV module and system efficiency, array yield, final yield, reference yield, performance ratio, monthly average array capture losses, and system losses of seven PV module technologies are all analyzed. The results show that grid-connected PV power system performance depends on geographical location, PV module types, and climate conditions such as solar radiation and ambient temperature. In addition, based on energy output and efficiency, the HIT PV power technology can be considered as the best option and CdTe and p-Si as the least suitable options for this area. The monthly average performance ratio of the CdTe technology was higher than those of other technologies over the monitoring period in Nanjing.

scholarly journals Effect of Single Axis Solar Tracking System on the Performance of Photovoltaic System: A Comparative Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1746-1751
Author(s):  
Ravindra Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Cost Efficient

Nowadays the demand for energy increased rapidly duo to escalating population and global technological development. Consequently, the focus on non-conventional energy sources is increasing rapidly due to change in climates and unhealthy environment caused by fossil fuels. Solar energy is vital to fulfill this growing need of clean energy. The performance of the photovoltaic (PV) technology used for capturing sun’s radiation is directly affected by solar irradiation. The optimum performance of the PV systems would be possible if the solar panel is always orientated towards the direction of maximum radiations of sun. Hence, in order improve the performance of the PV, tracking of maximum radiation of the sun is extremely important. In this experimental study, solar tracking is done using a single axis solar sun tracker which not only provides accurate but also cost efficient solar sun tracking in comparison with an existing stationary system of same capacity. The results show that a single axis solar tracking systems have generated approximately 28.3% more compared to static systems and is also found to be more economic than a solar tracking system which uses microcontroller.

Reliability modeling and performance evaluation of solar photovoltaic system using Gumbel–Hougaard family copula

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Sani Maihulla ◽  
Ibrahim Yusuf ◽  
Muhammad Salihu Isa
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
The Impact

PurposeSolar photovoltaic (PV) is commonly used as a renewable energy source to provide electrical power to customers. This research establishes a method for testing the performance reliability of large grid-connected PV power systems. Solar PV can turn unrestricted amounts of sunlight into energy without releasing carbon dioxide or other contaminants into the atmosphere. Because of these advantages, large-scale solar PV generation has been increasingly incorporated into power grids to meet energy demand. The capability of the installation and the position of the PV are the most important considerations for a utility company when installing solar PV generation in their system. Because of the unpredictability of sunlight, the amount of solar penetration in a device is generally restricted by reliability constraints. PV power systems are made up of five PV modules, with three of them needing to be operational at the same time. In other words, three out of five. Then there is a charge controller and a battery bank with three batteries, two of which must be consecutively be in operation. i.e. two out of three. Inverter and two distributors, all of which were involved at the same time. i.e. two out of two. In order to evaluate real-world grid-connected PV networks, state enumeration is used. To measure the reliability of PV systems, a collection of reliability indices has been created. Furthermore, detailed sensitivity tests are carried out to examine the effect of various factors on the efficiency of PV power systems. Every module's test results on a realistic 10-kW PV system. To see how the model works in practice, many scenarios are considered. Tables and graphs are used to show the findings.Design/methodology/approachThe system of first-order differential equations is formulated and solved using Laplace transforms using regenerative point techniques. Several scenarios were examined to determine the impact of the model under consideration. The calculations were done with Maple 13 software.FindingsThe authors get availability, reliability, mean time to failure (MTTF), MTTF sensitivity and gain feature in this research. To measure the reliability of PV systems, a collection of reliability indices has been created. Furthermore, detailed sensitivity tests are carried out to examine the effect of various factors on the efficiency of PV power systems.Originality/valueThis is the authors' original copy of the paper. Because of the importance of the study, the references are well-cited. Nothing from any previously published articles or textbooks has been withdrawn.

Experimental study and modeling of three grid-connected photovoltaic technologies of Meknes City

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bouhaki ◽  
R. Saadani ◽  
R. Agounoun ◽  
K. Sbai ◽  
M. Rahmoune
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Average Annual Production ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are the most promising renewable energy source in Morocco due to its abundant solar irradiation. The Moroccan government has launched various renewable energy programs to encourage the use of PV systems. In this work we present a comparative study in terms of energy produced and the efficiency of a grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system installed on the roof of the building occupied by the “Ecole Supérieure de Technologie de Meknes” (ESTM). The on-grid connected photovoltaic system has a total power of 5860 Watts (Wp). This system provides an average daily reduction of 30 kWh in the consumption of electrical energy at ESTM facilities; this will allow us to save fossil fuels and reduce emissions of greenhouse gas. The average annual production of electric power is estimated at 10.5 MWh, equivalent to burning 0.9 tons of oil, which will prevent the emission of about 2 tons / year of CO2 in the atmosphere. Three different commercial solar modules, manufactured with different materials and technologies in monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon were tested.

scholarly journals Optimum Arrangement of Photovoltaic Systems in Housing at Khartoum: Application of Renewable Energy in Urban Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zeinab Abdallah M. Elhassan ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Sopian ◽  
A. A. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Almost All ◽  
System Designs

This paper searches to find out of building integrated photovoltaic system designs in Khartoum. It discussed technical issues and designed an integrated of photovoltaic in domestic using, within an urban approach towards sustainability in energy. Photovoltaic systems can be used to develop the solar energy in almost all kinds of applications. Exploiting of solar energy for domestic use is one avenue where the energy produced from the sun is converted into electricity to power most if not all the appliances available at our homes and residences. Building a photovoltaic system is the process of designing, selecting, and calculating the ratings of the equipments employed in the system. This process depends on a range of factors such as geographical location, solar irradiation, and load requirements. I introduce the procedures utilize, in building and selecting the equipments of a grid-connected photovoltaic system based on the Watt-hour demand of 3.8 kw. As a case study, a residence in Khartoum with low-energy consumption is selected.

scholarly journals Takagi–Sugeno State Delayed Feedback and Integral Control for PV Systems: Modeling, Simulation, and Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hicham El Aiss ◽  
Karina A. Barbosa ◽  
Hector Chavez ◽  
Carlos Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Delayed Feedback ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Integral Control ◽  
Variable Control ◽  
Takagi Sugeno

The integration of the large-scale photovoltaic systems has experienced significant growth, which is similarly expected to occur with small-scale photovoltaic systems. Since small-scale systems must be simple in cost-effective components, control strategies must be implemented in low complexity circuits. However, current maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are generally complex and require electronic components to support variable control gains for different irradiance conditions, preventing simple MPPT implementations suitable for small-scale photovoltaic systems. This paper proposes a new control strategy to tackle the power tracking problem of the power systems. First, a dynamic model of the photovoltaic system is described and converted into a Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) model. Then, an MPPT scheme is proposed in series with a fixed integral and a fuzzy gain state delay feedback controller, which avoids the need for a variable control gain, simplifying the electronic implementation of the control strategy. New delay-dependent stabilization conditions based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional are proposed in terms of a convex optimization problem, where the delayed feedback and integral gains are designed simultaneously. Simulation results using Matlab and Simulink are used to validate the proposed method.

scholarly journals Life-cycle assessment of residential-scale grid-connected photovoltaic system in Malaysia based on monocrystalline silicon modules

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Atiqah Hamizah Mohd Nordin ◽  
Shahril Irwan Sulaiman ◽  
Sulaiman Shaari ◽  
Rijalul Fahmi Mustapa
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Monocrystalline Silicon ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Scale Grid

<p>Even though PV systems have been promoted as a green form of electrification, such systems are still contributing to environmental impacts after considering life-cycle impact during material extraction, manufacturing processes of its components, installation, operation, and maintenance. This paper presents a life-cycle assessment to quantify the environmental impact of residential-scale grid-connected PV systems in Malaysia using monocrystalline silicon PV module. LCA had been carried out by using OpenLCA 1.8 software, Ecoinvent 3.5 database, and impact assessment method of IMPACT2002+ and CED. The influence of varying system capacity from 3 to 12 kWp, system lifetime of 21, 25 and 30 years, and solar irradiation of 1560.8, 1651.8, &amp; 1935.5 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>/yr, were investigated. The results revealed that the greenhouse gas emissions rate, cumulative energy demand, and energy payback time of residential-scale grid-connected PV systems in Malaysia ranged from 37.97 to 67.26 g CO<sub>2</sub>-eq/kWh, 4387.10 to 4699.99 MJ/m<sup>2</sup>, and 6.37 to 7.90 years, respectively. This study also evaluated indicators of energy return on investment. The overall finding implies that the installation of residential-scale grid-connected PV systems in Malaysia offers significant potential for GHG emissions reduction in the country.</p>

scholarly journals Monitoring of Photovoltaic Systems: A case study URERMS Adrar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Ahmed Bouraiou ◽  
Ammar Neçaibia ◽  
Rachid Dabou ◽  
Abderrezzaq Ziane ◽  
Nordine Sahouane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Generator

The electrical energy generation via the Photovoltaic system is widely utilized in the world especially in the countries where it is characterized by considerable potential of solar energy. PV systems are affected by several factors that can reduce its efficiency such as PV generator aging, failures. Photovoltaic systems monitoring is a important task for guaranteeing the reliability and stability of PV system operation. This paper addresses the monitoring of PV systems in renewable energy research unit in the Saharan region (URERMS) Adrar, through to give an insigth about the methods of measuring, acquisition, data storage of monitored parameters. In addition, the existing problems for insuring the suitable solution.

scholarly journals Reserve Allocation of Photovoltaic Systems to Improve Frequency Stability in Hybrid Power Systems

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Tavakkoli ◽  
Jafar Adabi ◽  
Sasan Zabihi ◽  
Radu Godina ◽  
Edris Pouresmaeil
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
The One ◽  
Primary Frequency ◽  
Primary Frequency Control

This study suggests a model to include a solar power system or photovoltaic system (PV) in the control of frequency by taking into account a percentage of the PV power production for back-up reserve. This is done by investigating two scenarios: PV contribution in (1) initial primary frequency control and (2) entire primary frequency control. As explained in section three, 10% power of the PV modules which receive more than 400 w/m2 irradiation is allocated for the power reserve. The power generation of photovoltaic systems depends largely on weather conditions which makes their output power associated with some degree of uncertainty. For this reason, in this paper, a PV system is considered along with conventional hydro and thermal units and they are modeled in MATLAB/Simulink (version 9.3, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) with the purpose of exploring the behavior of the intended method. In the next phase, for further studies, this system is extended to multi-area power systems including gas turbines. The results of the simulation demonstrated that the photovoltaic involvement in the control of frequency can successfully amend the frequency of the overall network. Not only it can decrease the overshoot and undershoot of the frequency response, it has the ability to improve the settling time as well, which helps the system reach the steady state easily and in shorter time. Specifically, the overshoot has reached nearly zero in both one area and two area systems and undershoot has declined up to 60% and 50% in the one area and two-area system, respectively. Considering settling time, while it had a negligible improvement in the one area system, it showed a remarkable enhancement in the two-area system, which improved from about 25 s to 6 s by using the proposed method.

Energy Production of Different Types and Orientations of Photovoltaic Systems Under Outdoor Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastijan Seme ◽  
Jože Požun ◽  
Bojan Štumberger ◽  
Miralem Hadžiselimović
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Optimal Orientation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This work compares the energy production of different types and orientations of photovoltaic systems under the equal outdoor conditions over the 4-yr period in Slovenia. The following photovoltaic systems were analyzed: the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the south tilted at 30 deg, the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the east tilted at 30 deg, the single axis photovoltaic tracking system tilted at 30 deg, and the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the south tilted at 15 deg. The same monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar modules are used in the compared systems. The systems are installed in a radius of 20 m. This provides the same meteorological parameters during the measured period. The impact of orientation and inclination on energy production are evaluated. The analysis of the data obtained shows that the energy production of the photovoltaic systems depends on the solar irradiation, temperature of solar modules, efficiency of solar modules, and efficiency of dc-ac inverters. Based on the analysis and measurements for different photovoltaic systems, the optimal orientation and inclination are presented. The results for Slovenia show that the optimal orientation and inclination facing south tilted at 45 deg.

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