Energy Production of Different Types and Orientations of Photovoltaic Systems Under Outdoor Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastijan Seme ◽  
Jože Požun ◽  
Bojan Štumberger ◽  
Miralem Hadžiselimović
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Optimal Orientation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This work compares the energy production of different types and orientations of photovoltaic systems under the equal outdoor conditions over the 4-yr period in Slovenia. The following photovoltaic systems were analyzed: the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the south tilted at 30 deg, the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the east tilted at 30 deg, the single axis photovoltaic tracking system tilted at 30 deg, and the fixed photovoltaic system oriented to the south tilted at 15 deg. The same monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar modules are used in the compared systems. The systems are installed in a radius of 20 m. This provides the same meteorological parameters during the measured period. The impact of orientation and inclination on energy production are evaluated. The analysis of the data obtained shows that the energy production of the photovoltaic systems depends on the solar irradiation, temperature of solar modules, efficiency of solar modules, and efficiency of dc-ac inverters. Based on the analysis and measurements for different photovoltaic systems, the optimal orientation and inclination are presented. The results for Slovenia show that the optimal orientation and inclination facing south tilted at 45 deg.

Assessment of the Energy Gain of Photovoltaic Systems by Using Solar Tracking in Equatorial Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy Ordóñez ◽  
Carlos Morales ◽  
Jesús López-Villada ◽  
Santiago Vaca
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Solar Arrays ◽  
The North ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Solar tracking is a major alternative to increase the electric output of a photovoltaic (PV) module, and therefore, improves the global energy collected by PV systems. Nonetheless, solar-tracking PV systems require more resources and energy than static systems. Additionally, the presence of cloudiness and shadows from near buildings may reduce the profitability of these systems. Therefore, their feasibility must be assessed in order to justify their application. In equatorial latitudes, the sun's movement through the sky is in the zenith East–West axis. It may be advantageous, since the best tilt in such latitudes is the horizontal. In these terms, the main objective of this research is to numerically assess the performance of a PV array with solar tracking and under typical operation conditions in equatorial latitudes. For this, the assessment of the solar resource in Quito was analyzed in first place. Then, the comparison between three solar arrays was studied to evaluate the feasibility of solar tracking (two-axes tracking, horizontal one-axis tracking, and horizontal fixed). Additionally, the impact of cloudiness and shadows in the system was analyzed. The results showed that the horizontal one-axis tracking is the most beneficial option for equatorial latitudes as the two-axes tracking system only surpasses the gains of the one-axis tracking marginally. Furthermore, the use of a strategy to place the PV modules horizontally in cloudy conditions seems to be marginally advantageous. Finally, the shadows created from neighboring buildings in the East and West of the system may reduce considerably the solar irradiation on the PV-array (not the ones in the north and south).

scholarly journals Photovoltaic system implementation in baltra and puerto ayora islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Epeni-Tombo Genial Belvinel ◽  
Guillermo Antonio Loor ◽  
Julio Cesar Hernandez Chilan ◽  
Maria Rodriguez Gamez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
System Implementation ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In ◽  
Modeling Study

In the research, an analysis of the impact of the photovoltaic systems installed in two islands of the Galápagos archipelago is made. In this sense, a series of calculations has been used to find the significant values that have allowed us to choose the specific devices for this project. A modeling study was analyzed to quantify the total energy of the system, the number of possible modules to be installed, the amount of energy to be stored according to the type of batteries and the ampere-hour (Ah) that the regulation set must support of the electric current. The socio-economic and environmental impact of the system on Baltra Island was assessed with an example and estimations to make it explicit, the results of the surveys used are shown through which the most significant results were exposed, exposing that the photovoltaic systems in stage of implantation do not affect the environment, flora and fauna, its greatest impact is in the use of land.

scholarly journals Deep thermomodernization of three residential buildings in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00088
Author(s):  
Kamil Różycki
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Heating Installation ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the energy balance conditions of three multi-family residential buildings located in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine. These buildings were built more than 40 years ago and are not insulated. A significant amount of energy is lost by the external partitions. The building’s heating is powered by municipal natural gas. A proposal for several thermomodernization variants for selected facilities are presented in the article. These variants of deep thermomodernization include an upgrade of the heating installation, insulation of external walls and roof, and the replacement of windows and doors in common areas. In view of the recent increases in the gas prices, the internal building's temperature is maintained below the thermal comfort. The presented variants include the proposal to leave the internal temperature at the present level, as well as to increase it to 20 °C. Heat transfer coefficients were calculated based on of the PN-EN 6946 standard and the heat demand for the buildings was estimated in the standard reference year in accordance with the PN-EN ISO 13790 standard. Results are compared with real values. The buildings’ models were prepared in the Audytor OZC 6.7. Pro software. The impact of appropriately sized photovoltaic system for each of the objects was also analyzed and the solar irradiation data has been taken from the RETScreen 4 software.

scholarly journals A New Architecture Based on IoT and Machine Learning Paradigms in Photovoltaic Systems to Nowcast Output Energy

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Almonacid-Olleros ◽  
Gabino Almonacid ◽  
Juan Ignacio Fernandez-Carrasco ◽  
Macarena Espinilla-Estevez ◽  
Javier Medina-Quero
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Learning Time ◽  
Ambient Data ◽  
Temporal Windows ◽  
Machine Learning Models

The classic models used to predict the behavior of photovoltaic systems, which are based on the physical process of the solar cell, are limited to defining the analytical equation to obtain its electrical parameter. In this paper, we evaluate several machine learning models to nowcast the behavior and energy production of a photovoltaic (PV) system in conjunction with ambient data provided by IoT environmental devices. We have evaluated the estimation of output power generation by human-crafted features with multiple temporal windows and deep learning approaches to obtain comparative results regarding the analytical models of PV systems in terms of error metrics and learning time. The ambient data and ground truth of energy production have been collected in a photovoltaic system with IoT capabilities developed within the Opera Digital Platform under the UniVer Project, which has been deployed for 20 years in the Campus of the University of Jaén (Spain). Machine learning models offer improved results compared with the state-of-the-art analytical model, with significant differences in learning time and performance. The use of multiple temporal windows is shown as a suitable tool for modeling temporal features to improve performance.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Methodology to Evaluate Parasitic Energy Consumption for Different Types of Dual-Axis Sun Tracking Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ming-Hui Tan ◽  
Tze-Koon Wang ◽  
Chee-Woon Wong ◽  
Kok-Keong Chong ◽  
Boon-Han Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Energy Consumptions

A dual-axis sun tracking system is an essential strategy to maximize the optical efficiency of harnessing solar energy. However, there is no significant study yet to optimize the net performance of the photovoltaic (PV) or concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system equipped with a dual-axis sun tracking system. Parasitic energy loss associated with the power consumption of the sun tracking system is one of the major concerns for the solar industrial players. To address this issue, a comprehensive methodology has been developed to evaluate the yearly cumulative range of motion for dual-axis sun tracking systems in the cases of with and without fixed parking positions across the latitudes ranging from 45°N to 45°S. The parasitic energy consumptions have been investigated for three selected types of dual-axis sun tracking systems, i.e., the azimuth-elevation sun tracking system (AE-STS), polar dual-axis sun tracking system (PD-STS), and horizontal dual-axis sun tracking system (HD-STS). The simulated results indicate that the dual-axis sun tracking system with the nonfixed parking (or stow) position has lower yearly cumulative parasitic energy consumption with respect to the sun tracking system with a fixed parking position. Lastly, our simulation result has shown that the parasitic energy consumption of the sun tracking is relatively smaller to that of the electrical energy generated by the concentrator photovoltaic system with the ratio between 0.15% and 0.29% for AE-STS, between 0.15% and 0.30% for PD-STS, and between 0.17% and 0.35% for HD-STS.

scholarly journals Comparação entre sistemas fotovoltaicos em modo fixo e com seguidor em uma instituição pública de ensino no Nordeste do Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (46) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Baldoino Sonildo Nóbrega ◽  
Waleria Guerreiro Lima ◽  
Raphael Henrique Falcão de Melo ◽  
Edvan Cruz Aguiar ◽  
Rute Cavalcante Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Fixed System

<p>The present work has the objective of presenting a fixed and solar tracker photovoltaic systems comparative study, through the technical and financial viability evaluation in a public education institution located in the backlands of the state of Paraíba (Brazil). Through a System Advisor Model simulation software, we estimated the electrical energy production of the systems. Then, we performed a statistical analysis to evaluate the differences between the energy production of the proposed systems. Finally, financial indicators were used to assess which system had better financial viability. The results on performance have shown that the annual production of electric energy for photovoltaic systems with tracking is 32% higher than the fixed system. Statistical analysis proved by hypothesis testing that there is evidence that the tracking system produces more electric energy in relation to the fixed system. As for financial evaluation, the fixed system was more advantageous, since its financial indicators were better in all aspects. The research contributed to a better understanding of the differences between photovoltaic systems in terms of technical, financial and statistical aspects, which may help the decision making when choosing the installation of these systems in the region which is being studied.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Single Axis Solar Tracking System on the Performance of Photovoltaic System: A Comparative Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1746-1751
Author(s):  
Ravindra Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Cost Efficient

Nowadays the demand for energy increased rapidly duo to escalating population and global technological development. Consequently, the focus on non-conventional energy sources is increasing rapidly due to change in climates and unhealthy environment caused by fossil fuels. Solar energy is vital to fulfill this growing need of clean energy. The performance of the photovoltaic (PV) technology used for capturing sun’s radiation is directly affected by solar irradiation. The optimum performance of the PV systems would be possible if the solar panel is always orientated towards the direction of maximum radiations of sun. Hence, in order improve the performance of the PV, tracking of maximum radiation of the sun is extremely important. In this experimental study, solar tracking is done using a single axis solar sun tracker which not only provides accurate but also cost efficient solar sun tracking in comparison with an existing stationary system of same capacity. The results show that a single axis solar tracking systems have generated approximately 28.3% more compared to static systems and is also found to be more economic than a solar tracking system which uses microcontroller.

scholarly journals Optimum Arrangement of Photovoltaic Systems in Housing at Khartoum: Application of Renewable Energy in Urban Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zeinab Abdallah M. Elhassan ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Sopian ◽  
A. A. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Almost All ◽  
System Designs

This paper searches to find out of building integrated photovoltaic system designs in Khartoum. It discussed technical issues and designed an integrated of photovoltaic in domestic using, within an urban approach towards sustainability in energy. Photovoltaic systems can be used to develop the solar energy in almost all kinds of applications. Exploiting of solar energy for domestic use is one avenue where the energy produced from the sun is converted into electricity to power most if not all the appliances available at our homes and residences. Building a photovoltaic system is the process of designing, selecting, and calculating the ratings of the equipments employed in the system. This process depends on a range of factors such as geographical location, solar irradiation, and load requirements. I introduce the procedures utilize, in building and selecting the equipments of a grid-connected photovoltaic system based on the Watt-hour demand of 3.8 kw. As a case study, a residence in Khartoum with low-energy consumption is selected.

scholarly journals Influence of Single-Phase Solar Photovoltaic Systems on Total Harmonic Distortion: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Chin Kim Gan ◽  
Sara Ragab Mahmoud ◽  
Kyairul Azmi Baharin ◽  
Mohd Hendra Hairi
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Total Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The Impact

<span>The installation of small-scale solar photovoltaic system has recently gaining popularity in Malaysia mainly driven by the Feed-in Tariff scheme. Given its relatively small generation capacity, the single-phase solar inverters are not required to comply with power quality standard. Neverthelss, the impact of small-scale solar system on the grid could become significant when the penetration is increasing over the years. In this regard, this paper presents a case study on the influence of single-phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems on the total harmonic distortion for current at the point of common coupling. Field measurements have been carried out for a total of 12 single-phase solar systems which were installed at three different locations at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Detailed analyses have been performed to characterize the aggregated current harmonic performance for the overall system.  The findings from the presented case study suggest that the current quality from the inverter is highly dependent on the level of inverter output. Hence, the proper selection of the array-to-inverter ratio at the system design stage could greatly improve the overall total harmonic performance performance for current.</span><span>The installation of small-scale solar photovoltaic system has recently gaining popularity in Malaysia mainly driven by the Feed-in Tariff scheme. Given its relatively small generation capacity, the single-phase solar inverters are not required to comply with power quality standard. Neverthelss, the impact of small-scale solar system on the grid could become significant when the penetration is increasing over the years. In this regard, this paper presents a case study on the influence of single-phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems on the total harmonic distortion for current at the point of common coupling. Field measurements have been carried out for a total of 12 single-phase solar systems which were installed at three different locations at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Detailed analyses have been performed to characterize the aggregated current harmonic performance for the overall system.  The findings from the presented case study suggest that the current quality from the inverter is highly dependent on the level of inverter output. Hence, the proper selection of the array-to-inverter ratio at the system design stage could greatly improve the overall total harmonic performance performance for current.</span>

scholarly journals Social Effects of Agglomeration. An Assessment of Intraregional Disparities in the South of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Anna MIKHAYLOVA ◽  
Vasilisa GOROCHNAYA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The South ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

The growth of cities against the background of transport infrastructure development has led to the formation of urban agglomerations as systems of interconnected cities. Rural areas are the foundation for the growth of new actively developing urban spatial systems and become donors of labour resources. The redistribution of population between the city and the country entails a number of social effects. This study aims to assess the impact of agglomeration processes on the social sphere of municipalities in the region. The main focus of the study is the dynamically developing monocentric agglomeration in the south of Russia – the Rostov agglomeration. The methodological approach is based on assessing the gaps between different types of municipalities depending on their territorial location relative to the agglomeration centre presented in four groups of social indicators: urbanization, labour mobility, housing, and quality of life. The Agglomeration Social Impact Index was calculated. We learned there is significant heterogeneity in the level of social development among different types of municipalities. The decisive effect on social gaps is exerted by three factors: agglomeration, urbanization, transport and logistics. The most favourable living conditions are found in the municipalities located in the immediate vicinity of the agglomeration core.

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